The object of this paper is to analyze several polemical points between a well-known Russian aesthetic theorist Mkhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin and some scientific philosophies of his age. Strange as it may sound, Bakhtin always considered himself as a philosopher rather than simply a literary theorist....
The object of this paper is to analyze several polemical points between a well-known Russian aesthetic theorist Mkhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin and some scientific philosophies of his age. Strange as it may sound, Bakhtin always considered himself as a philosopher rather than simply a literary theorist. Although scientific philosophical writings are very insufficient in his works, every concept of his writings about literary criticism certainly has the potential to be grown up as a proper component of a whole philosophical system, that is, a kind of philosophy of ontological phenomenalism. As remarked Sergey Bocharov, one of Bakhtin"s friends and leading researchers, the main theme of his world view can be defined as the "personification" of meaning through embodiment of voice and author. Most evidently in his early philosophical fragments(「Philosophy toward an act」,「Author and hero in Aesthetic activities」) was revealed the main orientation of his entire philosophical research, but in his subsequent writings too, can be witnessed practically the tracks of the same orientation. According to Bakhtin, any genuine question about a human life certainly transcends all kinds of ethics and theorem, because a human being, who is to be defined as a moral being, has to be related to more a practical consciousness grounded by one"s own experiences (or non alibi in one"s own being) rather than such an abstract being as defined by various scientific philosophies. Therefore it was the great task for Bakhtin to overcome all difficulties resulting from the schism between the concept of a human being as a genuine moral being, and all kinds of abstract definition which were being produced by various philosophical thoughts in his times, including several leading scientific philosophies such as vitalism, Bergsonism. But at the same time, in the course of polemical controversy parts of those thoughts had a favourable influence upon Bakhtin"s thoughts. An explicit example of such an influence is a russian physiologist, A.A. Ukhtornsky"s theory of dominant, the clear influence of which can be found in Bakhtin"s all religious remarks from the early writings to the later works, including「Problems of Dostoevsky"s Poetics」,「Rablais and his world」
The object of this paper is to analyze several polemical points between a well-known Russian aesthetic theorist Mkhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin and some scientific philosophies of his age. Strange as it may sound, Bakhtin always considered himself as a philosopher rather than simply a literary theorist. Although scientific philosophical writings are very insufficient in his works, every concept of his writings about literary criticism certainly has the potential to be grown up as a proper component of a whole philosophical system, that is, a kind of philosophy of ontological phenomenalism. As remarked Sergey Bocharov, one of Bakhtin"s friends and leading researchers, the main theme of his world view can be defined as the "personification" of meaning through embodiment of voice and author. Most evidently in his early philosophical fragments(「Philosophy toward an act」,「Author and hero in Aesthetic activities」) was revealed the main orientation of his entire philosophical research, but in his subsequent writings too, can be witnessed practically the tracks of the same orientation. According to Bakhtin, any genuine question about a human life certainly transcends all kinds of ethics and theorem, because a human being, who is to be defined as a moral being, has to be related to more a practical consciousness grounded by one"s own experiences (or non alibi in one"s own being) rather than such an abstract being as defined by various scientific philosophies. Therefore it was the great task for Bakhtin to overcome all difficulties resulting from the schism between the concept of a human being as a genuine moral being, and all kinds of abstract definition which were being produced by various philosophical thoughts in his times, including several leading scientific philosophies such as vitalism, Bergsonism. But at the same time, in the course of polemical controversy parts of those thoughts had a favourable influence upon Bakhtin"s thoughts. An explicit example of such an influence is a russian physiologist, A.A. Ukhtornsky"s theory of dominant, the clear influence of which can be found in Bakhtin"s all religious remarks from the early writings to the later works, including「Problems of Dostoevsky"s Poetics」,「Rablais and his world」
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