The characteristics of the tomb with lime-soil mixture barrier(灰隔) are summarized as typical type tomb of Joseon Dynasty. One of the most notable characteristics of the tomb is that a prototype of the tomb was not seen before 15th century in Korea. This abrupt emergence of tomb with LSMB after 15th ...
The characteristics of the tomb with lime-soil mixture barrier(灰隔) are summarized as typical type tomb of Joseon Dynasty. One of the most notable characteristics of the tomb is that a prototype of the tomb was not seen before 15th century in Korea. This abrupt emergence of tomb with LSMB after 15th century appears closely correlated with cultural or ideological needs of Joseon Dynasty, as far can be gleamed from related historical documents. Prior to the introduction of tombs with LSMB, Korean society used traditional Buddhist ceremonies for burial of the deceased. After Buddhism was originally introduced into Korea in 4th century, it was maintained as a state-religion for around 1,000 years. During this period, Buddhists" thoughts deeply affected various cultural aspects of Korean society. However, by the late 14th century, the excesses of the Buddhists became a significant area of discontent due to exemptions from taxation or military service and construction of Buddhist temples in excessive numbers. However, when the Buddhist dominant Goryeo dynasty (918-1392) was toppled by Neo-confucianists in 1392, many of these activities were overturned. A new neoconfucianist ruling class, Sinjin Sadaebu (“Newly emerging neo-confucianist gentleman or officials” in Korean) usurped political power. A transition from Buddhist rituals to Neo-confucianist rituals was also instituted for destructing Buddhism favoring society of Goryeo Dynasty. Tombs with LSMB were introduced to Joseon Dynasty to meet such needs of neo-confucianists hoping to make the burial system of Joseon Dynasty to be in accordance with the instructions of neo-confucianism. The structure of newly adopted burial system should be based on the contentions of Confucianists a human body and mind come from the soil and spirit, respectively and at death, the body returns to the soil and the mind goes back to the spirit. This suggests that from the neo-confucianists" viewpoint, the human body could not be the subject of resurrection after death. And thus, any artificial treatments to preserve a dead persons" body was regarded as unnatural and a needless deed. in the case of parents", any destructive treatment such as attempts of preservation by artificial methods was regarded as being against filial piety; one of the most highly prized values among neo-confucianists. In short, neo-confuciansts wanted that the decomposition of the buried remains should be subjected to "natural" decomposition. If not, it would be regarded as a negligent or blasphemous act by the surviving family members to the dead person, for which Buddhists" favoring cremation of the dead was blamed by neo-confuciansts. Additionally, neo-confucianists also have economic need for substituting the burial system of previous Goryeo Dynasty because ruling elites of Goryeo Dynastry used the stone vaults (Seoksil in Korean) for their tomb, the construction of which was far expensive due to the need to transfer stone blocks from quarry to burial yard which required significant labor input. Therefore, neo-confucianists of Joseon Dynasty thought that tomb should be constructed much cheaply than those constructed during Buddhist Goryeo Dynasty. That is, the development of a cheaper burial system but one giving similar protection capacities was required by neoconfucianists of newly founded Dynasty. As a result, they decided to introduce brandnew tombs, following the suggestion of Chu Hsi (1130-1200), a Chinese founder of neoconfucianism. According to suggestion by Chu Hsi, who was already dead two hundred years ago even at the time of petition, the tomb was to be composed of wooden coffin which were to be further encapsulated by LSMB. In this system, the coffin was to be laid in the space formed not by stone blocks, but by a lime-soil mixture powder, which became hardened like stone when it met with water. Since this tomb seemed to
The characteristics of the tomb with lime-soil mixture barrier(灰隔) are summarized as typical type tomb of Joseon Dynasty. One of the most notable characteristics of the tomb is that a prototype of the tomb was not seen before 15th century in Korea. This abrupt emergence of tomb with LSMB after 15th century appears closely correlated with cultural or ideological needs of Joseon Dynasty, as far can be gleamed from related historical documents. Prior to the introduction of tombs with LSMB, Korean society used traditional Buddhist ceremonies for burial of the deceased. After Buddhism was originally introduced into Korea in 4th century, it was maintained as a state-religion for around 1,000 years. During this period, Buddhists" thoughts deeply affected various cultural aspects of Korean society. However, by the late 14th century, the excesses of the Buddhists became a significant area of discontent due to exemptions from taxation or military service and construction of Buddhist temples in excessive numbers. However, when the Buddhist dominant Goryeo dynasty (918-1392) was toppled by Neo-confucianists in 1392, many of these activities were overturned. A new neoconfucianist ruling class, Sinjin Sadaebu (“Newly emerging neo-confucianist gentleman or officials” in Korean) usurped political power. A transition from Buddhist rituals to Neo-confucianist rituals was also instituted for destructing Buddhism favoring society of Goryeo Dynasty. Tombs with LSMB were introduced to Joseon Dynasty to meet such needs of neo-confucianists hoping to make the burial system of Joseon Dynasty to be in accordance with the instructions of neo-confucianism. The structure of newly adopted burial system should be based on the contentions of Confucianists a human body and mind come from the soil and spirit, respectively and at death, the body returns to the soil and the mind goes back to the spirit. This suggests that from the neo-confucianists" viewpoint, the human body could not be the subject of resurrection after death. And thus, any artificial treatments to preserve a dead persons" body was regarded as unnatural and a needless deed. in the case of parents", any destructive treatment such as attempts of preservation by artificial methods was regarded as being against filial piety; one of the most highly prized values among neo-confucianists. In short, neo-confuciansts wanted that the decomposition of the buried remains should be subjected to "natural" decomposition. If not, it would be regarded as a negligent or blasphemous act by the surviving family members to the dead person, for which Buddhists" favoring cremation of the dead was blamed by neo-confuciansts. Additionally, neo-confucianists also have economic need for substituting the burial system of previous Goryeo Dynasty because ruling elites of Goryeo Dynastry used the stone vaults (Seoksil in Korean) for their tomb, the construction of which was far expensive due to the need to transfer stone blocks from quarry to burial yard which required significant labor input. Therefore, neo-confucianists of Joseon Dynasty thought that tomb should be constructed much cheaply than those constructed during Buddhist Goryeo Dynasty. That is, the development of a cheaper burial system but one giving similar protection capacities was required by neoconfucianists of newly founded Dynasty. As a result, they decided to introduce brandnew tombs, following the suggestion of Chu Hsi (1130-1200), a Chinese founder of neoconfucianism. According to suggestion by Chu Hsi, who was already dead two hundred years ago even at the time of petition, the tomb was to be composed of wooden coffin which were to be further encapsulated by LSMB. In this system, the coffin was to be laid in the space formed not by stone blocks, but by a lime-soil mixture powder, which became hardened like stone when it met with water. Since this tomb seemed to
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