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[국내논문] 한국산 다람쥐의 Orientia Tsutsugamushi에 대한 항체양성율 (Seropositive Rate of Orientia Tsutsugamushi in Tamias Sibiricus from Korea)

송진원 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실, 고려대학교 바이러스병 연구소) , 이상원 (고려대학교 대학원) , 고은영 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실, 고려대학교 바이러스병 연구소) , 정기모 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실, 고려대학교 바이러스병 연구소) , 이용주 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실, 고려대학교 바이러스병 연구소) , 송기준 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실, 고려대학교 바이러스병 연구소) , 백락주 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실, 고려대학교 바이러스병 연구소)
The journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology v.35 no.1 ,pp. 61 - 68 , 2000 , 대한미생물학회

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Among wild chipmunks, Tamias sibiricus, captured in Kyunggi and Kangwon province in Korea, 1997, seropositivity for Orientia tsutsugamushi was determined. Serological test for Orientia tsutsugamushi infection was performed using indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique (IFA). Of 243 wild chipmunks, 61 against Gilliam strain and 64 against Karp strain of Orientia tsutsugamushi were IFA positive. Seropositivity against Gilliam strain was shown 33.3% in Kyunggi and 23.5% in Kangwon province, and against Karp strain was shown 33.3% and 25.4%, respectively.

[국내논문] 한국 흰넓적다리붉은쥐에서 Orientia tsutsugamushi 감염 및 계통 분석 (Seroprevalence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Orientia tsutsugamushi from Apodemus peninsulae in Korea)

백락주 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 이원익 (고려대학교 대학원) , 송진원 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 류성호 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 정수용 (고려대학교 대학원) , 문성실 (고려대학교 대학원) , 박광숙 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 기선호 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 송기준 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실)
Journal of bacteriology and virology : JBV v.32 no.4 ,pp. 307 - 313 , 2002 , 1598-2467 , 대한미생물학회

To investigate the seroprevalence of the Orientia tsutsugamushi infection of Apodemus peninsulae and genomic variations in O. tsutsugamushi isolates, 246 A. peninsulae were trapped in 14 mountainous areas approximately 500 meter above sea level in Korea during the period of 1997 and 2000. Seropositive rate of O. tsutsugamushi among A. peninsulae was 31.8% in Kyunggi, 8.2% in Chunbuk and 7.1% in Kangwon provinces by microimmunofluorescent test. The 56 kDa protein gene was amplified by PCR in the spleens of seropositive A. peninsulae. Two amplicons from seropositive A. peninsulae were sequenced and their phylogeny was analysed on the basis of sequence homology. The 56 kDa genes of A. peninsulae 98-12 strain and A. peninsulae 98-16 strain showed 98.7% nucleotide homology and 96.6% amino acid similarity. A. peninsulae 98-12 and A. peninsulae 98-16 strain were related to Kuroki, Boryong and Karp strains showing $93.3{\sim}92.2%$, and $87.1{\sim}84.6%$ homologies in nucleotide and amino acids levels, respectively. In the phylogenetic analysis, A. peninsulae 98-12 and A. peninsulae 98-16 strain formed a distinct group with Boryong, Kuroki and Nishino strains and were clearly distinguished from other genetic groups. The results suggest that A. peninsulae might be an important reservoir of O. tsutsugamushi in Korea.

[국내논문] 한국 야생들쥐의 Orientia tsutsugamushi 감염에 대한 역학적 조사 (Epidemilogical Study on Orientia tsutsugamushi Infection of Wild Rodents in Korea)

류성호 (고려대학교 대학원) , 송양숙 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 정수용 (고려대학교 대학원) , 문성실 (고려대학교 대학원) , 송진원 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 송기준 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 박광숙 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 백락주 (고려대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실)
Journal of bacteriology and virology : JBV v.33 no.2 ,pp. 131 - 137 , 2003 , 1598-2467 , 대한미생물학회

This study was carried out to determine the seropositivity for Orientia tsutsugamushi infection among wild rodents captured in farms and mountains of Korea. A total 965 wild rodents of 7 species and 48 Crocidura laciura were captured in farms and mountains of 6 province during $1997{\sim}2000$ in Korea. Serological evidence for O. tsutsugamushi infection was obtained using O. tsutsugamushi antigens by indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique (IFA). Four hundred eighty four Apodemus agrariusus, 246 Apodemus peninsulae, 179 Eothenomys regulus, 44 Microtus fortis, 6 Micromys minutus, 5 Mus musculus, and 1 Cricetula triton were captured in Gyeonggi, Gangwon, Chungnam, Gyeongbuk, Gyeongnam, and Jeonbuk province. Among them, 59 (12.2%) A. agrariusus, 22 (8.9%) A. peninsulae, 12 (6.7%) E. regulus, 5 (11.4%) M. fortis and 1 (16.7%) M. minutus were IF antibody positive against O. tsutsugamushi Gilliam or Karp strain.

[국내논문] Orientia tsutsugamushi에 감염된 인간 피부 미세혈관 내피세포의 산화 활성 (Oxidant Activities in Human Dermal Microvascular Endothelial Cells Infected with Orientia tsutsugamushi)

고영상 (제주대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실)
Korean journal of microbiology = 미생물학회지 v.41 no.3 ,pp. 232 - 235 , 2005 , 0440-2413 , 한국미생물학회

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Scrub typhus의 원인병원체인 Orientia tsutsugamushi에 감염된 인간 피부 미세혈관 내피세포(HMEC-1)에서 superoxide dismutase 유전자의 발현이 증가하였다. O. tsutsugamushi 접촉 후 5 시간 이내에 감염된 세포에서 세포내 peroxide 존재를 유세포 분석을 통하여 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 감염된 세포는 세포 내 glutathione이 심하게 고갈됨을 관찰하였다. 이 결과들은 이 절대세포내 기생세균에 감염된 숙주세포가 산화-매개 손상 받음을 시사한다.

[국내논문] Orientia tsutsugamushi의 유핵세포내 감염능 분석 및 기전 (Infectivity of Orientia tsutsugamushi to Various Eukaryotic Cells and Their Cellular Invasion Mechanism)

인경수 (서울대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 한승훈 (서울대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 김항래 (서울대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 성승용 (서울대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 김익상 (서울대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 최명식 (서울대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실)
The journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology v.34 no.5 ,pp. 435 - 443 , 1999 , 대한미생물학회

Orientia tsutsugamushi is obligate intracellular bacterium that grows within the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic host cells. Therefore capability of the attachment, entry into the host cell and intracellular survival should be critical process for oriential infection. In this study we investigated the cellular invasion mechanism of Orientia tsutsugamushi and the role of transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan, which binds diverse components at the cellular microenvironment and is implicated as host cell receptors for a variety of microbial pathogens. First of all Orientia tsutsugamushi can invade a wide range of nonprofessional phagocytic cells including fibroblast, epithelial cells and endothelial cells of various host species, including Band T lymphocytes. Thus, it was postulated that the attachment of O. tsutsugamushi requires the recognition of ubiquitous surface structures of many kinds of host cells. Treatments with heparan sulfate and heparin inhibited the infection of Orientia tsutsugamushi in dose-dependent manner for L cell, mouse fibroblast, whereas other glycosaminoglycans such as chondroitin sulfate had no effect. Collectively, these findings provide strong evidence that initial interaction with heparan sulfate proteoglycan is required for the oriential invasion into host cells.

[국내논문] Orientia tsutsugamushi에 지속감염된 ECV304 세포의 증식 (Proliferation of ECV304 cells Infected Persistently with Orientia tsutsugamushi)

김미영 (인하대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 임병욱 (인하대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 강재승 (인하대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실)
Journal of bacteriology and virology : JBV v.32 no.3 ,pp. 239 - 245 , 2002 , 1598-2467 , 대한미생물학회

Orientia tsutsugamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus, is an obligate intracellular parasite. Previously we have shown that it persistently infect the human endothelial cell line ECV304. In this study, we have investigated the mechanism of in vitro persistent infection, which could be maintained for over a year without addition of normal cells. The persistently infected cultures exhibited cyclic changes in the host cell number, which resulted in a net increase of cell number. Floating cells detached from the culture plate bottom were filled with rickettsial cells and lost normal morphology. Only part of attached EVC304 cells was infected with O. tsutsugamushi. Some of ECV304 cells that still attached to the bottom were free of rickettsial cells. Rickettsial cells in the floating cells could not effectively infect new EVC304 cells while those in the attached cell could infect new cells with high efficiency. Host cells that allowed vigorous rickettsial multiplication and resultantly lost viability, and low of infectivity of the bacteria in the dead cells might have allowed in vitro persistent infection of O. tsutsugamushi.

[학위논문] 한국 흰넓적다리붉은쥐의 Orientia tsutsugamushi 감염 및 유전자 특성 (Infection and gene characterization of orientia tsutsugamushi from apodemus peninsulae in Korea)

이원익 (고려대학교 대학원)
2001 , iii, 47p. , 고려대학교 대학원 , 국내박사

The geographical distribution of Scrub typhus(Tsutsugamushi disease) covers a wide area in the Orient, the influence of climate and terrian, and the bionomics of the infection cycle involving the trombiculid mite vectors and their vertebrate hosts. The triangular endemic region extends from northern Korea and the Primorye territory of far eastern Russia in the north, to northern Australia in the south, and to Afghanistan and Pakistan in the west. Scrub typhus is a diseases of acute onset caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. This organism are pleomorphic, obligate intracellular bacteria that occur as cocobacilli or occasionally are rode-like, and also transmited to man by bite of an infected, larval mite(chigger) of the family Trombiculidae, order Acarina. The distribution of the O. tsutsugamushi is related to the distribution of the particular arthropod-rodent reservoir. Indigenous wild rodents, the most dominant Apodemus agrarius, have been known as the major natural host mammal of Trombiculid mite, and Apodemus peninsulae occupies the second dominant of wild rodents in Korea To investigate the seroprevalence of the Orientia tsutsugamushi infection of A. peninsulae and the genomic variations of O. tsutsugamushi, 246 A. peninsulae were trapped in 14 mountainous areas approximately 500 meter above sea level in Korea during the period of 1997 and 2000. Seropositive rate of O. tsutsugamushi among A. peninsulae were 31.8% in Kyunggi province, 8.2% in Chunbuk province, 7.1% in Kangwon province by microimmuno-fluorescent test. The 56 kDa protein gene of spleen samples of seropositive A. peninsulae are amplified using PCR. Two of A. peninsulae strain were sequenced and phylogenetic analysis based on the sequence homologies. The 56 kDa gene of A.p.98-12 strain and A.p.98-16 strain was shown 98.7% nucleotide homology and 96.6% amino acid similarity between them. A.p.98-12 and A.p.98-16 strain were related to Kuroki, Boryong and Karp strains shown 93.3-92.2%, and 87.1-84.6% homologies in nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. In the phylogenetic analysis, A.p.98-12 and A.p.98-16 strain formed a distinct group with Kuroki, Boryong and Nishino strains and clearly distinguished from other genetic groups. These results suggests that A. peninsulae has been the important reservoir of O. tsutsugamushi in Korea.

[해외논문] Etymologia : Orientia tsutsugamushi


Emerging infectious diseases v.12 no.2 ,pp. 295 - 295 , 2006 , 1080-6040 , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

[해외논문] Orientia tsutsugamushi developing through two phases

Wang, Shiming (Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) , Li, Zhongyuan (Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) , He, Jinrong (Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
中國人獸共患病雜志 = Chinese journal of zoonoses v.19 no.4 ,pp. 66 - 68 , 2003 , 1002-2694 , 中國人獸共患病雜志編委會

Aim Orientia tsutsugamushi ( R . t) are obligate intracellular parasites, and it is difficult to prepare a fair amount of antigens. However, we found that Orientia tsutsugamushi could grow extracellularly well when they cultured with Vero-E6 cells, and the results indicated that Orientia tsutsugamushi might grow in abiotic culture raediem. Orientia tsutsugamushi cultured by the above method were cultured further in the solid medium for 1824 hours at 36X3 . Small colonies, with achromic transparent, or tran-sulent smooth moist sphere or maple, were observed. They generated a kind of stench. The appearance of colony of Orientia tsutsugamushi Jl - 90 strain cultured was similar to that of standard Gilliam strain. Orientia tsutsugamushi cultured with two methods are used to identify their biological properties, e. g. morphology staining, pathogenicity to mice, serological specific detection. There were no significant differences in the biological properties of Orientia tsutsugamushi cultured by the two methods. The results suggested that Orientia tsutsugamushi might have two development phases.

[국내논문] Detergent로 추출한 Orientia tsutsugamushi 세포외막 단백질의 세포 부착 (The Attachment of Detergent-Extracted Outer Membrane Proteins of Orientia tsutsugamushi to the Host Cell Surface)

김미경 (인하대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 김미정 (인하대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 임병욱 (인하대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실) , 강재승 (인하대학교 의과대학 미생물학교실)
Journal of bacteriology and virology : JBV v.34 no.4 ,pp. 283 - 289 , 2004 , 1598-2467 , 대한미생물학회

Orientia tsutsugamushi, a causative agent of scrub typhus, is an obligate intracellular parasite. The mechanisms by which O. tsutsugamushi invade host cells are unknown. Given the importance of surface-exposed proteins in the pathogenesis of microbial pathogens, outer membrane proteins (OMP) of O. tsutsugamushi were extracted with detergents and their cellular binding was studied. Outer membrane fraction of O. tsutsugamushi was enriched by a sodium-lauryl sarcosinate (Sarkosyl) treatment of total membranes. Outer membrane proteins were extracted by the treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and Sarkosyl. The resulting soluble fractions were examined for their cellular binding by the immunofluorescence microscopy. A fifty six kilodalton protein was found to bind to fixed ECV304 cells only when the outer membrane preparation was not treated by DTT or heat. These results suggest that the conformation the 56-kDa OMP is important for the attachment to the host cell surfaces.

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