초록 ▼

A process and apparatus for gasification of carbonaceous matter, preferably coal, is disclosed. A stream of previously produced char, preferably produced from coal, or other fuel together with an oxidizer and steam is introduced into a first or combustion stage. The combustion gas produced by the co

A process and apparatus for gasification of carbonaceous matter, preferably coal, is disclosed. A stream of previously produced char, preferably produced from coal, or other fuel together with an oxidizer and steam is introduced into a first or combustion stage. The combustion gas produced by the combustion passes into a second or gasification stage and through a nozzle at at least sonic velocity. Pulverized carbonaceous matter, preferably coal, is introduced and dispersed in the combustion gas in the gasification stage. The temperature, velocity and velocity changes principally of the gas in the gasification stage are controlled to provide a heating rate for the particles of pulverized carbonaceous matter of at least about 105 degrees Kelvin per second, and to effect rapid removal of volatile components from the immediate vicinity of the particles. Upon substantial gasification of the particles in the gasification stage, the resultant product stream may be quenched, the char removed, and preferably at least a portion thereof introduced into the combustion stage.

대표청구항 ▼

A process for the gasification of solid carbonaceous fuel comprising: (a) combusting carbonaceous matter and an oxidizer in a combustion stage whereby said carbonaceous matter and oxidizer are reacted and products of combustion including combustion gas are formed; (b) introducing steam into said com

A process for the gasification of solid carbonaceous fuel comprising: (a) combusting carbonaceous matter and an oxidizer in a combustion stage whereby said carbonaceous matter and oxidizer are reacted and products of combustion including combustion gas are formed; (b) introducing steam into said combustion stage; (c) introducing said combustion gas and steam under pressure to a gasification stage having a nozzle through which said combustion gas and steam flow at at least sonic velocity; (d) introducing and dispersing finely-divided solid carbonaceous fuel comprising particles in said combustion gas at said nozzle; (e) selectably controlling characteristics of said flow of said combustion gas and steam containing said dispersed solid fuel to provide relative movement of said particles of said fuel with respect to said combustion gas and stream by using the inertia of said particles and a plurality of accelerations and decelerations of said combustion gas and steam, provided by at least one shock wave and expansion in said flow, said combustion gas and steam having an initial temperature and said selected flow characteristics providing sufficient relative movement to provide an average heating rate of said fuel of at least about 105 degrees Kelvin per second whereby said fuel is partially gasified and reduced to char and a product gas is formed; (f) withdrawing from said gasification stage a product stream comprising said char and product gas; (g) separating said char from said product stream; and (h) returning at least part of said separated char to said combustion stage to provide carbonaceous matter for combustion.