The resistance of a honeycombed structure to damage from asymmetric thermal shock occurring across its surface during use and formed with cells having anisotropic Young's moduli in the planes perpendicular the central longitudinal axis of each cell can be improved by varying the orientation of the a
The resistance of a honeycombed structure to damage from asymmetric thermal shock occurring across its surface during use and formed with cells having anisotropic Young's moduli in the planes perpendicular the central longitudinal axis of each cell can be improved by varying the orientation of the anisotropic cells with respect to one another so as to minimize the number of such cells being oriented with an axis of maximum Young's moduli aligned with the direction of either the maximum temperature difference or maximum localized temperature gradient occurring across the cell. Improved heat recovery wheels can be formed by bonding together extruded cellular segments, most or all of which contain uniformly oriented, anisotropic square cells and by selecting and arranging the segments so that square cells are uniformly oriented with respect to one another in all segments across the face of the wheel except in those segments which are crossed by or adjacent to the two perpendicularly opposed diameters of the wheel which are paralleled to the sidewalls of the aforesaid, uniformly oriented square cells. In the latter subset of segments, the square cells are uniformly arranged with their diagonals parallel to the aforesaid perpendicularly opposed diameters. Certain exceptions are allowed for selecting the geometric form and orientation of the cells in the cellular segments at the very center of the wheel.
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1. A structure subject to asymmetric thermal shock comprising: a plurality of cellular segments joined to one another, each of said segments having a plurality of hollow, open ended cells extending therethrough, substantially all of said cells in each of said cellular segments having anisotropic
1. A structure subject to asymmetric thermal shock comprising: a plurality of cellular segments joined to one another, each of said segments having a plurality of hollow, open ended cells extending therethrough, substantially all of said cells in each of said cellular segments having anisotropic Young's moduli in their cross-sectional planes, substantially all of said anisotropic cells in each of said cellular segments having an axis of minimum Young's modulus oriented in the same direction, and said direction of similarily oriented axes of minimum Young's modulus being varied from cellular segment to cellular segment in said structure so as not to be uniformly aligned in the same direction throughout said structure. 2. The structure described in claim 1 having a honeycombed outer surface formed from said cellular segments, said surface having temperature differences and temperature gradient thereacross from said asymmetric thermal shock, wherein said similarily oriented axes of minimum Young's modulus are further oriented in said structure so as to minimize the number of said anisotropic cells having a direction of maximum Young's moduli aligned with the direction of a maximum temperature difference or of a maximum temperature gradient occuring across a cross-sectional plane of the cell at said honeycombed surface. 3. The structure described in claim 1 further comprising a honeycomb matrix of a heat recovery wheel wherein substantially all of said anisotropic cells have the same cross-sectional geometric form, said cross-sectional geometries of said anisotropic cells being uniformly aligned with respect to one another in each cellular segment, said cross-sectional geometries of said anisotropic cells further being uniformly oriented with respect to one another throughout said matrix except in those segments crossed by or adjoining a radius of said wheel parallel to a direction of maximum Young's modulus of said uniformly oriented anisotropic cells wherein said anisotropic cells are uniformly aligned with a direction of their minimum Young's modulus parallel to said adjoining or crossing radius. 4. A method of forming a honeycomb structure subject to asymmetric heating comprising the steps of: forming a plurality of cellular segments, each of said segments having a plurality of open ended cells extending therethrough, substantially all of said cells in each of said segments having anisotropic Young's moduli in their cross-sectional planes and cross-sectional geometries of the same form and orientation; and joining said cellular segments to one another so that said cross-sectional geometries of said anisotropic cells are arranged in at least two different orientations in said structure. 5. A heat recovery wheel having a first diameter and second diameter perpendicular thereto and formed from a plurality of joined cellular segments comprising: a first subset of said cellular segments, each of said segments adjoining or crossed by either of said first or second diameters and having a plurality of hollow, open-ended cells with substantially square cross-sectional geometries extending therethrough, the sides forming said substantially square cross-sectional geometries being oriented at approximately 45° angles to said first and second diameters; and a second subset of said cellular segments, each of said cellular segments having a plurality of hollow, open-ended cells with substantially square cross-sectional geometries extending therethrough, the sides forming said substantially square cross-sectional geometries being oriented at acute angles other than approximately 45° or at 90° to either said first or said second diameter. 6. The heat recovery wheel described in claim 5 wherein said hollow, open-ended cells are formed by a plurality of intersecting webs of material which extend in continuous planes completely through and across each cellular segment. 7. The heat recovery wheel described in claim 6 wherein said material comprises a ceramic. 8. The heat recovery wheel described in claim 7 wherein said material has a coefficient of thermal expansion of approximately 18×10 -7 /°centigrade or more over the range 0° to 1,000° centigrade. 9. The heat recovery wheel described in claim 8 wherein said ceramic material further comprises a cordierite containing between 2 and 3 percent manganese oxide by weight. 10. The heat recovery wheel described in claim 5 wherein each of the sides forming the cross-sectional geometries of said square cells in said second subset of cellular segments is oriented substantially parallel to one or the other of said first and second diameters. 11. The heat recovery wheel described in claim 5 further comprising an annular matrix having inner and outer circumferences and formed from said cellular segments wherein, with the exception of those cellular segments which are shaped to form a portion of said inner or outer circumferences, said cellular segments are substantially uniform in size and shape, each of said uniform cellular segments having a pair of opposing rectangularly shaped honeycomb faces and sidewalls forming their remaining outer surfaces, said rectangularly shaped honeycomb faces having lengths approximately twice their widths. 12. The heat recovery wheel described in claim 11 further comprising an arrangement of said cellular segments in a series of concentric squares centered at the center of said wheel, the length of an outer side of the innermost concentric square being equal to the length of a longer sidewall of said uniform cellular segments and each joint between each pair of joined cellular segments in each concentric square being spanned by a longer sidewall of a cellular segment in the next outermost concentric square. 13. The heat recovery wheel described in claim 12 wherein the cells of the cellular segments forming said innermost concentric square have uniform, substantially square cross-sectional geometries, the sides of said square cross-sections being oriented at approximately 45° angles to said first and second diameters, and the remainder of said cellular segments forming said annular matrix belong to either said first or second subset. 14. The heat recovery wheel described in claim 12 wherein the cells of the cellular segments forming said innermost concentric square have uniform, substantially equilateral triangular cross-sectional geometries and the remainder of said cellular segments forming said annular matrix belong to either said first or second subset. 15. The heat recovery wheel described in claim 12 wherein the cells of the cellular segments forming said innermost concentric square have uniform, substantially square cross-sectional geometries, the sides of said square cross-sectional geometries being substantially parallel to either said first or second diameter and the remainder of said cellular segments forming said annular matrix belong to either said first or second subset. 16. The heat recovery wheel described in claim 13, 14 or 15 wherein each of the sides forming said square cross-sections of the cells in said second subset of cellular segments is substantially parallel to either said first or second diameter. 17. The method of claim 4 where said joining includes arranging said segments of one orientation with the direction of minimum Young's modules of said cells in said segments of one orientation being substantially parallel to a radius of said wheel crossing or adjoining said segments of one orientation, and arranging said segments of another orientation with the direction of maximum Young's modulus of said cells in said segment of another orientation being substantially parallel to said crossing or adjoining radius.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (1)
Rahnke Christian J. (Orchard Lake MI) Cook Jeffrey A. (Dearborn MI), Heat exchanger matrix configuration with high thermal shock resistance.
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