IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0221013
(1980-12-29)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Vogel, F. Lincoln
- Forsman, William C.
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
21 인용 특허 :
6 |
초록
▼
Electrically conductive carbon compositions are disclosed which are formed from carbon having a graphite-like structure and a nitrosyl or nitronium salt or salts. The nitrosyl or nitronium salt reacts with the carbon to intercalate it with charge-exchange atoms or molecules. Binary, ternary and mult
Electrically conductive carbon compositions are disclosed which are formed from carbon having a graphite-like structure and a nitrosyl or nitronium salt or salts. The nitrosyl or nitronium salt reacts with the carbon to intercalate it with charge-exchange atoms or molecules. Binary, ternary and multi-intercalated lamellar compositions are produced according to the particular reaction process selected. The compositions may be used alone as electrical conductors or may be combined in a matrix to form composite conductors.
대표청구항
▼
1. An electrically conductive lamellar carbon composition, which comprises: carbon having a graphite-like, stacked-plane-crystalline form intercalated with one or more nitrosyl salts selected from NOX or nitronium salts selected from NO 2 X wherein X is a stable, conjugate anion of an electrophil
1. An electrically conductive lamellar carbon composition, which comprises: carbon having a graphite-like, stacked-plane-crystalline form intercalated with one or more nitrosyl salts selected from NOX or nitronium salts selected from NO 2 X wherein X is a stable, conjugate anion of an electrophilic atom, molecule or Lewis acid, said anion being selected from the group consisting of a halide anion, oxyhalide anion, bisulfate anion, nitrate anion, boron halide anion, a stable halide anion of a first, second or third transition series metal, a halide anion of a group IVa metaloid and a halide anion of a group Va metaloid; and wherein the proportion of the nitrosyl salt or salts or nitronium salt or salts to carbon in the composition produces a resistivity of the composition of less than about 10 -5 ohm cm. 2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the carbon is in the form of large crystals; crystalline powder; vermicular, powdered, filament, bulk or sintered graphite; or carbon filaments. 3. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the carbon is intercalated with one salt. 4. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the carbon is simultaneously intercalated with two salts. 5. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the carbon is sequentially intercalated with two salts. 6. A composition according to claim 2 wherein X is SbF 6 -, PF 6 -, TaF 6 -, AsF 6 -, NbF 6 -, VF 6 -, SiF 5 -, TiF 5 -, GeF 5 -, SiF 6 -2, PtF 5 -, HfF 5 -, ZrF 5 -, FeCl 4 -, CoCl 4 -2, BF 4 -, NiF 4 -2 or CuCl 4 -2 . 7. A composition according to claim 2 wherein X is SbF 6 -, PF 6, AsF 6 -, HfF 5 -, SiF 5 -, BF 4 -, or FeCl 4 - . 8. A composition according to claim 2 wherein the carbon has the form of a filament electrically oriented along its axis. 9. A composition according to claim 2 wherein the carbon is intercalated with a single salt selected from nitrosyl hexafluoroantimonate or nitronium hexafluoroantimonate. 10. A composition according to claim 2 wherein the carbon is intercalated with a single salt selected from nitrosyl hexafluorophosphate or nitronium hexafluorophosphate. 11. A composition according to claim 2 wherein the carbon is intercalated with a single salt selected from nitrosyl tetrafluoroborate or nitronium tetrafluoroborate. 12. A composition according to claim 2 wherein the carbon is intercalated with two salts selected from NOBF 4, NOSbF 6, NOPF 6, NO 2 BF 4, NO 2 SbF 6 or NO 2 PF 6 . 13. An electrically conductive composite comprising a lamellar carbon composition according to claim 1 in combination with a conductive, flexible metal which is inert toward the composition. 14. A composite according to claim 13 comprising a wire having a composition core and an outer surface of metal. 15. A composite according to claim 14 wherein the composition is in the form of filaments which are combined to form a strand and the metal is plated into the surface of the strand. 16. A composite according to claim 13 comprising a rod of compressed composition and metal particles. 17. A composite according to claim 13 comprising a strand of composition filaments and a metal wire. 18. A composite according to claim 17 wherein the filaments and wire are twisted together. 19. A composite according to claim 13 comprising a wire having a composition powder core and an outer tube of drawn metal. 20. A composite according to claim 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 18 or 19 wherein the metal is copper, aluminum, silver, nickel, zinc, iron or cadmium. 21. An electrically conductive composite comprising a lamellar carbon composition according to claim 1 in matrix or core combination with an organic or inorganic polymer, an inorganic glass or a fibrous, flake or filament mineral. 22. A composite of claim 21 wherein the composition is in the form of a powder, flakes filaments or fibers and is combined in a matrix or as a core with an epoxy polymer, a polyester, a polyamide, a polyorganocarbonate, a polyether, a polyglycol, a polyolefin, a polyaromatic, a polyperfluoroolefin, a polysilicone, a polysilicate, a silicate, borosilicate or aluminosilicate glass, a polysiliconitride, a polyfluorosilicone or silicate, asbestos, or mineralized filament. 23. A composite according to claim 21 further comprising a plastic wire. 24. A composite according to claim 21 further comprising a filament. 25. A composite according to claim 21 further comprising a covering having electrically conductive properties which is useful as a structural skin, housing, shield or electrical grounding surface. 26. A composite according to claim 21 further comprising a machine housing. 27. A covering having electrically conductive properties, which is useful as a structural skin, housing, shield or electrical grounding surface, comprising a composition core and an outer surface of organic or inorganic polymer, inorganic glass, or a fibrous, flake or filament mineral according to claim 21. 28. A covering having electrically conductive properties, which is useful as a structural skin, housing, shield or electrical grounding surface, comprising uniformly dispersed composition in matrix combination with an organic or inorganic polymer, inorganic glass, or a fibrous, flake or filament mineral according to claim 21. 29. An electrically conductive ink or coating composite comprising a uniform dispersion of a composition according to claim 1 in a vehicle binder and a fluid carrier. 30. A dried ink or coating composite according to claim 29 comprising a flexible or rigid film on a substrate surface. 31. An electronic component connector comprising a dried ink composite according to claim 29.
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