IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0180273
(1980-08-22)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Woodruff, Frank
- Ferguson, Jr., John H.
- Hoffman, John R.
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
Cuoco, Anthony F.Ignatowski, James R.
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
21 인용 특허 :
2 |
초록
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The invention is an integrated hydraulic control circuit for actuating the thrust reversers and variable exhaust nozzle on high performance gas turbine engine powered aircraft. The hydraulic circuits for both systems are integrated into a single housing and are served by common elements. The circuit
The invention is an integrated hydraulic control circuit for actuating the thrust reversers and variable exhaust nozzle on high performance gas turbine engine powered aircraft. The hydraulic circuits for both systems are integrated into a single housing and are served by common elements. The circuit for the deployment and stowage of the thrust reverser buckets is hydraulically sequenced inhibiting the application of hydraulic power to the actuators prior to withdrawal of the locking pin. In a like manner, the thrust reversers must be fully retracted before the locking pin is deployed. The hydraulic circuit for the thrust reversers also includes a pressure compensating circuit which reduces the pressure applied to thrust reverser actuators with the thrust reversers in the stowed position.
대표청구항
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1. An integrated hydraulic system for controlling the positions of the thrust reversers and variable exhaust nozzle of a gas turbine engine, wherein said thrust reversers include a locking mechanism locking the thrust reversers in a stowed position, said system characterized by: a housing definin
1. An integrated hydraulic system for controlling the positions of the thrust reversers and variable exhaust nozzle of a gas turbine engine, wherein said thrust reversers include a locking mechanism locking the thrust reversers in a stowed position, said system characterized by: a housing defining a chamber containing case fluid at a case pressure; a shaft disposed in said housing adapted to be rotatably driven by an external power source; fluid pump means driven by said shaft for increasing the pressure of the case fluid to supply control fluid at a servo pressure; first signal generator means for generating first electrical signals indicative of a commanded position of the exhaust nozzle said first electrical signals having a magnitude indicative of the distance between the present position and the commanded position and a polarity indicative of the desired direction of motion; first servo valve means for modulating said control fluid to generate hydraulic nozzle directional control signals in response to said first electrical signals; first piston pump means driven by said shaft for supplying nozzle actuator fluid in response to said nozzle directional control signals; exhaust nozzle actuator means for moving the engine's exhaust nozzle towards said commanded position in response to said nozzle actuator fluid; feedback means responsive to the position of the engine's exhaust nozzle for terminating said first electrical signals when the exhaust nozzle is in the commanded position; second signal generator means for generating second electrical signals indicative of a commands to deploy and stow said thrust reversers; second servo valve means for modulating, said control fluid to generate hydraulic thrust reverser position signals in response to said second electrical signals; second piston pump means for alternatively supplying deploy fluid and stow fluid in response to said hydraulic position signals; sequencing valve means for modulating said control fluid in response to said second piston pump supplying said deploy and stow fluids to generate hydraulic lock and unlock signals, said sequencing valve having a first state generating said unlock signal in response to the pressure of said deploy fluid exceeding a first predetermined pressure and a second state generating said lock signal in response to the pressure of said stow fluid exceeding a second predetermined value; lock pin actuator means responsive to said control fluid, and said lock and unlock signals for actuating the thrust reverser's locking mechanism and controlling the transmission of said deploy actuator fluid, said lock pin actuator means having a first state sequentially blocking the flow of said deploy actuator fluid then deploying a lock pin activating the thrust reversers locking mechanism in response to said lock signal, a second state sequentially retracting the lock pin deactivating the thrust reverser locking mechanism then enabling the flow of said deploy actuator fluid in response to said unlock signal; thrust reverser actuator means for stowing the thrust reversers in response to receiving said stow actuator fluid from said second piston pump means and for deploying said thrust reversers in response to receiving said deploy actuator fluid from said lock pin actuator means. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein said fluid pump means comprises: a boost pump driven by said shaft for increasing the pressure of said case fluid to supply boost fluid at a boost pressure, and a servo pump driven by said shaft for increasing the pressure of the boost fluid to supply said control fluid. 3. The system of claim 2 wherein said first piston pump means comprises: a first multiple piston overcenter pump for alternatively supplying a first nozzle actuator fluid at a first output and a second nozzle actuator fluid at a second output in response to said hydraulic nozzle directional control signals; and first shuttle valve means for conducting boost fluid to said first and second outputs to maintain the minimum pressure at first and second outputs equal to said boost pressure. 4. The system of claim 3 wherein said multiple piston overcenter pump has a tilt block tilted in response to said nozzle directional control signals and wherein the tilt angle of said tilt block is determinative of the rate at which said first and second nozzle actuator fluid is supplied, said system further includes a mechanical feedback link connected between said tilt block and said first servo valve means for terminating said hydraulic nozzle directional control signal when the tilt angle of said tilt block corresponds to the magnitude of said first electrical signal. 5. The system of claim 1 or 4 further including a solenoid activated emergency nozzle closure valve disposed between said servo pump and said first servo valve means and between said first servo valve means and said first piston pump means, said emergency nozzle closure valve having an unactivated state passing said control fluid to said first servo valve means and said nozzle directional control signal from said first servo valve means to said first piston pump means, and having an activated state blocking the flow of said control fluid to said first servo valve means and supplying said control fluid directly to said first piston pump means thereby generating a nozzle directional control signal activating said first piston pump means to supply nozzle actuator fluid causing said nozzle actuator means to retract and close the exhaust nozzle. 6. The system of claim 1 wherein said second piston pump means comprises: a second multiple piston overcenter pump for alternatively supplying said stow fluid at a first output and said deploy fluid as a second output, said overcenter pump having a tilt block tilted in response to said thrust reverser position signals, the tilt angle of said tilt block being determinative of whether said overcenter pump supplies said stow fluid or said deploy fluid and the rate at which said stow and deploy fluid is supplied; second shuttle valve means for conducting boost fluid to the first and second outputs of said second overcenter pump to maintain the minimum pressure at said first and second outputs equal to said boost pressure. 7. The system of claim 6 wherein said position signals generated by said second servo valve means are a control fluid flow indicative of a command to stow the thrust reversers and a case fluid flow indicative of a demand to deploy said thrust reversers, said overcenter pump has a first and second tilt control piston controlling the tilt angle of said tilt block, said first tilt control piston having a smaller cross sectional area than said second tilt control piston, said first tilt control piston receiving said control fluid directly from said servo pump, and said second tilt control piston receiving said position signals. 8. The system of claim 7 wherein said system further includes a pressure compensating valve for modulating the flow of said control fluid applied to said second tilt control piston in response to the pressure of said stow fluid to limit the pressure of the stow fluid to a predetermined value. 9. The system of claim 8 wherein said pressure compensation valve is further responsive to the lock and unlock signals generated by said sequencing valve, said lock signal enabling said pressure compensation valve to limit the pressure being supplied by said second overcenter pump means to said predetermined value and said unlock signal disabling said pressure compensating valve. 10. The system of claim 9 wherein said pressure compensator valve comprises: a cylindrical chamber having a first section having a first diameter, a second section having a smaller diameter, and a piston aperture at the end of said second section, said piston aperture connected to the second output of said second overcenter pump, and the junction between said first and second sections forming a stop shoulder; a spool slidably disposed in said chamber, said spool having a piston axially extending from one end of said spool and received in said piston aperture, a radial flange disposed at the opposite end of said spool, a first land disposed at said one end of the spool, a second land disposed at the opposite end of said spool contiguous with said radial flange, and an intermediate land axially disposed between said first and second lands; resilient means disposed in said first section between the end of said chamber and said spool for urging said radial flange to engage said stop shoulder; a first port for connecting the output of said second servo valve to said second section at a location intermediate to said second and intermediate lands; a second port connecting the second tilt control piston of said second overcenter pump to said second section at a location between said second and intermediate lands and adjacent to said intermediate land; a third port connecting the supply of case fluid to said second section at a location intermediate said first and intermediate lands; and a fourth port connecting the output of said sequencing valve to said second section at a location intermediate the first land and the end of said chamber. 11. The system of claim 9 wherein said servo valve comprises: a cylindrical chamber having a first and second valve seats effectively dividing said chamber into first, second, and third sections; a spool slidably disposed in said chamber, said spool having a valve at each end, one of said valves disposed in said first section and the other disposed in said third section, said valves alternatively engaging said first and second valve seats as said spool is axially disposed in either direction, said spool further having a land axially disposed between said two valves; first resiliently mounted piston means, disposed in the end of said first section and connected to the second output of said second overcenter pump, for displacing said spool to a first position with one of said valves engaging the valve seat separating said first and second sections when the pressure of said stow fluid exceeds a predetermined value; second resiliently mounted piston means, disposed in the end of said third section and connected to the first output of said second overcenter pump, for displacing said spool to a second position with the other of said valve engaging the valve seat separating said second and third sections when the pressure of said deploy fluid exceeds a predetermined value; first and second port means respectively interconnecting said first and third chambers with said supply of case fluid; third port means receiving said control fluid at a location in said second section intermediate said first and second valve seats, said third port means blocked by said spool land when said spool is displaced to said second position; output port means interconnecting said lock pin actuator means and sequencing valve means with said second section at a location adjacent to the valve seat separating said first and second section. 12. The system of claim 9 wherein said lock pin actuator means comprises: a cylindrical chamber having a first section and a second section divided by an inwardly directed radial shoulder, said radial shoulder forming a fluid aperture interconnecting said first and second sections, said first section having a valve seat disposed intermediate its ends and said second section having a lock pin aperture axially disposed at the end opposite said shoulder; a first spool slidably disposed in said first section, said first spool having a first land at one end, a second land at the opposite end, a valve axially disposed between said first and second lands and a pin axially extending from said opposite end into said second section through said fluid aperture; first means disposed in said first section for resiliently biasing said first spool towards said second section to engage said valve with said valve seat; a second spool slidably disposed in said second section, said second spool having a lock pin at one end axially extending outwardly through said lock pin aperture; second means disposed in said second section for resiliently biasing said second spool away from said shoulder; first and second port means interconnecting the end of said second section adjacent to said shoulder to the end of said first section opposite said shoulder; third port means interconnecting the first output of said second overcenter pump with said first section at a location intermediate said valve seat and said shoulder; a fourth port interconnecting said thrust reverser actuators with said first section at a location intermediate said valve seat and the end opposite said shoulder; a fifth port interconnecting the output of said sequencing valve with said second chamber at a location adjacent to said shoulder; and a sixth port interconnecting the output of said servo pump with said second chamber at a location adjacent to the end of said second section opposite said shoulder. 13. The system of claim 9 wherein said lock pin actuator means comprises: a cylindrical valve chamber having a valve pin aperture at one end and a valve seat intermediate its opposite ends; a valve pin member slidably disposed in said valve chamber, said valve pin member having a valve disposed intermediate said valve seat and the end opposite said one end, and an axial pin passing through said valve pin aperture, said pin having a length sufficient to protrude outwardly a small distance from said housing when said valve is displaced against said valve seat; first resilient means for biasing said valve pin member in a direction to seat said valve against said valve seat; first port means for interconnecting the first output of said second overcenter pump with the end of said valve chamber opposite said valve pin aperture; second port means for interconnecting said thrust reverser actuators with said valve chamber at a location intermediate said valve seat and said one end; a cylindrical lock pin chamber having a lock pin aperture at one end; a lock pin spool slidably disposed in said lock pin chamber, said lock pin spool having a lock pin axially extending from one end of said lock pin spool through said lock pin aperture, said lock pin having a lug external to said housing aperture operative to engage said valve pin when said lock pin spool is in a position intermediate the ends of said lock pin chamber; second resilient means for biasing said lock pin spool in a direction towards the end of said lock pin chamber having said lock pin aperture; third port means for interconnecting the output of said servo valve means with the end of said lock pin chamber opposite said lock pin aperture; and fourth port means for interconnecting the output of said servo pump means with said one end of said lock pin chamber. 14. An integrated hydraulic circuit for controlling the position of the hydraulic actuators for the thrust reversers a variable exhaust nozzle of a gas turbine engine wherein the thrust reversers include a locking mechanism for locking the thrust reversers in the stowed position, said hydraulic circuit comprising: a housing defining a chamber containing case fluid at a case pressure; a shaft disposed in said housing adapted to be rotably driven by an external power source; servo pump means driven by said shaft for increasing the pressure of said case fluid to supply control fluid at a servo pressure; first servo valve means for modulating said control fluid to generate hydraulic nozzle directional control signals in response to electrical signals received from an external source; first piston pump means driven by said shaft for supplying nozzle actuator fluid to the exhaust nozzle actuators in response to said nozzle control signals; second servo valve means for modulating said control fluid to generate hydraulic thrust reverser position signals in response to electrical signals received from an external source; second piston pump means for alternatively supplying deploy fluid and stow fluid to the thrust reverser actuators in response to said hydraulic position signals; sequencing valve means for modulating said control fluid in response to said second piston pump means supplying said deploy and said stow fluids to generate at an output hydraulic lock and unlock signals; said sequencing valve having a first state generating said unlock signal in response to said deploy fluid exceeding a first predetermined value, and a second state generating said lock signal in response to said stow fluid exceeding a second predetermined pressure; and lock pin actuator means for controlling the transmission of said deploy fluid to the thrust reverser actuators and for locking and unlocking the thrust reverser locking mechanism in a predetermined sequence in response to said hydraulic lock and unlock signals. 15. The hydraulic circuit of claim 14 wherein said lock pin actuator means includes a lock pin mechanically linked to the thrust reversers locking mechanism and wherein said lock pin actuator means has a locked state with said lock pin deployed to actuate the thrust reversers locking mechanism and the flow of said deploy fluid to the thrust reversers actuators blocked and an unlocked state with said lock pin retracted to unlock the thrust reversers locking mechanism and the flow of said deploy fluid to the thrust reverser actuators unblocked, said lock pin actuator means in the transition from said locked state to said unlocked state in response to said hydraulic unlock signal sequentially retracting said lock pin the unblocking the flow of said deploy fluid to said thrust reverser actuators and in the transaction from said unlocked state to said locked state in response to said hydraulic lock signal sequentially blocking the flow of said deploy fluid then deploying said lock pin to actuate the thrust reversers locking mechanism. 16. The hydraulic circuit of claim 14 wherein said servo pump means comprises: a boost pump driven by said shaft for increasing the pressure of said case fluid to supply boost fluid at a boost pressure; and a servo pump driven by said shaft for increasing the pressure of said boost fluid to supply said control fluid. 17. The hydraulic circuit of claim 16 wherein said first piston pump means is a first multiple piston overcenter pump for alternatively supplying a first nozzle actuator fluid at a first output and a second nozzle actuator fluid at a second output in response to said hydraulic nozzle directional control signals. 18. The hydraulic circuit of claim 17 further including a first shuttle valve means for conducting boost fluid to said first and second outputs of said first overcenter pump to maintain the minimum pressure of said first and second outputs equal to said boost pressure. 19. The hydraulic circuit of claim 17 wherein said electrical signals received by said first servo valve means has a polarity indicative of the direction and a magnitude indicative of the distance the exhaust nozzle is to be moved, and wherein said multiple piston overcenter pump has a tilt block tilted in response to said hydraulic nozzle directional control signals and wherein the tilt angle of said tilt block is determinative of the rate at which said first and second nozzle actuator fluid is supplied, said circuit further includes a mechanical feedback link connected between said tilt block and said first servo valve means for terminating said hydraulic nozzle directional control signal when the tilt angle of said tilt block corresponds to the magnitude of said first electrical signal. 20. The hydraulic circuit of claim 14 or 19 further including a solenoid activated emergency nozzle closure valve means disposed between said servo pump means and said first servo valve means and between said first servo valve means and first piston pump means, said emergency nozzle closure valve having an unactivated state passing said servo fluid to said first servo valve and said nozzle directional control signal from said first servo valve to said first piston pump means, and having an activated state blocking the flow of said servo fluid to said first servo valve and directing said servo fluid directly to said first piston pump means thereby generating a nozzle directional control signal activating said first piston pump means to supply nozzle actuator fluid causing the exhaust nozzle actuator means to retract and close the exhaust nozzle. 21. The hydraulic circuit of claim 14 wherein said second piston pump means is a second multiple piston overcenter pump for alternatively supplying said stow fluid at a first output and said deploy fluid as a second output, said overcenter pump having a tilt block tilted in response to said thrust reverser position signals, the tilt angle of said tilt block being determinative of whether said overcenter pump supplies said stow fluid or said deploy fluid. 22. The hydraulic circuit of claim 21 further including a second shuttle valve means for conducting boost fluid to the first and second outputs of said second overcenter pump to maintain the minimum pressure of said first and second outlets equal to said boost pressure. 23. The hydraulic circuit of claim 21 wherein said position signals generated by said second servo valve means are a control fluid signal indicative of a command to stow the thrust reversers and a case fluid signal indicative of a command to deploy the thrust reversers, said second overcenter pump has a first and second tilt control piston controlling the tilt angle of said tilt block, said first tilt control piston having a smaller cross sectional area than said second tilt control piston, said first tilt control piston receives said control fluid directly from said servo pump, and said second tilt control piston receiving said position signals. 24. The hydraulic circuit of claim 23 wherein said circuit further includes a pressure compensating valve means for modulating the flow of said control fluid applied to said second tilt control piston in response to the pressure of said stow fluid to limit the pressure of the stow fluid being supplied by said second overcenter pump to a predetermined value. 25. The hydraulic circuit of claim 24 wherein said pressure compensation valve means is further responsive to the lock and unlock signals generated by said sequencing valve, said lock signal enabling said pressure compensating valve means to limit the pressure being supplied by said second overcenter pump to said predetermined value, and said unlock signal disabling said pressure compensating valve. 26. The hydraulic circuit of claim 25 wherein said pressure compensator valve comprises: a cylindrical chamber having a first section having a first diameter, a second section having a diameter smaller than said first diameter, and a piston aperture at the end of said second section connected to the second output of said second overcenter pump, the junction between said first and second sections forming a stop shoulder; a spool slidably disposed in said chamber, said spool having a piston axially extending from one end and received in said piston aperture, a radial flange disposed at the opposite end of said spool, a first land disposed at said one end of the spool, a second land disposed at the opposite end of said spool contigous with said radial flange, and an intermediate land axially disposed between said first and second lands; resilient means disposed in said first section between the end of said chamber and said spool for urging said radial flange to engage said stop shoulder; first port means for connecting the output of said second servo valve to said second section at a location intermediate to said second and intermediate lands; second port means for connecting the second tilt control piston of said second overcenter pump to said second section at a location between said second and intermediate lands and adjacent to said intermediate land; third port means for connecting the supply of case fluid to said second section at a location intermediate said first and intermediate lands; and fourth port means for connecting the outport of said sequencing valve to said second section at a location intermediate the first land and the end of said chamber. 27. The hydraulic circuit of claim 25 wherein said servo valve comprises: a cylindrical chamber having a first and second valve seats effectively dividing said chamber into first, second, and third section; a spool slidably disposed in said chamber, said spool having a valve at each end, one of said valves disposed in said first section and the other disposed in said third section, said valves alternatively engaging said first and second valve seats as said spool is axially displaced in either direction, said spool further having a land axially disposed between said two valves; first resiliently mounted piston means, disposed in the end of said first section and connected to the second output of said second overcenter pump, for displacing said spool to a first position with one of said valves engaging the valve seat separating said first and second sections when the pressure of said stow fluid exceeds a predetermined value; second resiliently mounted piston means, disposed in the end of said third section and connected to the first output of said second overcenter pump, for displacing said spool to a second position with the other of said valves engaging the valve seat separating said second and third sections when the pressure of said deploy fluid exceeds a predetermined value; first and second port means for prespectively interconnecting said first and third chambers with said supply of case fluid; third port means for receiving said control fluid at a location in said second section intermediate said first and second valve seats, said third port means blocked by said spool land when said spool is displaced to said second position; output port means for interconnecting said lock pin actuator means and sequencing valve means with said second section at a location adjacent to the valve seat separating said first and second section. 28. The hydraulic circuit of claim 25 wherein said lock pin actuator means comprises: a cylindrical chamber having a first section and a second section divided by an inwardly directed radial shoulder, said radial shoulder forming a fluid aperture interconnecting said first and second sections, said first section having a valve seat disposed intermediate its ends and said second section having a lock pin aperture axially disposed at the end opposite said shoulder; a first spool slidably disposed in said first section, said first spool having a first land at one end, a second land at the opposite end, a valve axially disposed between said first and second lands and a pin axially extending from said opposite end into said second section through said fluid aperture; first means disposed in said first secion for resiliently biasing said first spool towards said second section to engage said valve with said valve seat; and a second spool slidably disposed in said second section, said second spool having a lock pin at one end axially extending outwardly through said lock pin aperture; second means disposed in said second section for resiliently biasing said second spool away from said shoulder; first and second port means interconnecting the end of said second section adjacent to said shoulder to the end of said first section opposite said shoulder; third port means interconnecting the first output of said second overcenter pump with said first section at a location intermediate said valve seat and said shoulder; a fourth port interconnecting said thrust reverser actuators with said first section at a location intermediate said valve seat and the end opposite said shoulder; a fifth port interconnecting the output port means of said sequencing valve with said second chamber at a location adjacent to said shoulder; and a sixth port interconnecting the output of said servo pump with said second chamber at a location adjacent to the end of said second section opposite said shoulder. 29. The hydraulic circuit of claim 25 wherein said lock pin actuator means comprises: a cylindrical valve chamber having a valve pin aperture at one end and a valve seat intermediate its opposite ends; a valve pin member slidably disposed in said valve chamber, said valve pin member having a valve disposed intermediate said valve seat and the end opposite said one end, and an axial pin passing through said valve pin aperture, said pin having a length sufficient to protrude outwardly a small distance from said housing when said valve is displaced against said valve seat; first resilient means for biasing said valve pin member in a direction to seat said valve against said valve seat; first port means for interconnecting the first output of said second overcenter pump with the end of said valve chamber opposite said valve pin aperture; second port means for interconnecting the thrust reverser actuators with said valve chamber at a location intermediate said valve seat and said one end; a cylindrical lock pin chamber having a lock pin aperture at one end; a lock pin spool slidably disposed in said lock pin chamber, said lock pin spool having a lock pin axially extending from one end of said lock pin spool through said lock pin aperture, said lock pin having a lug external to said housing operative to engage said valve pin when said lock pin spool is in a position intermediate the ends of said lock pin chamber; second resilient means for biasing said lock pin spool in a direction towards the end of said lock pin chamber having said lock pin aperture; third port means for interconnecting the output port means of servo valve means with the end of said lock pin chamber opposite said lock pin aperture; and fourth port means for interconnecting the output of said servo pump means with said one end of said lock pin chamber.
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