IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0388801
(1982-06-16)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Lazare Leon (Stamford CT)
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출원인 / 주소 |
- The Puraq Company (Stamford CT 02)
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
28 인용 특허 :
2 |
초록
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This invention relates to a highly efficient refrigeration system and process, employing two absorption refrigeration cycles in series operation, the first cycle comprising an ammonia-aqueous ammonia system and the second cycle comprising a novel absorption system and process, driven by low-grade he
This invention relates to a highly efficient refrigeration system and process, employing two absorption refrigeration cycles in series operation, the first cycle comprising an ammonia-aqueous ammonia system and the second cycle comprising a novel absorption system and process, driven by low-grade heat and operated at pressures substantially below atmospheric, which provides cooling at temperatures as low as about -12°C. to about +15°C. Solutions of normally liquid, mutually soluble compounds, having substantially different boiling points, are employed as refrigerant and absorbent. Typically, the absorbent comprises a distillation bottoms fraction containing from about 65 to about 95 mole % of the higher-boiling compound and the refrigerant comprises a distillation overhead fraction containing from about 93 to about 99 mol. % of the lower-boiling compound. Heat pumped up in the first ammonia cycle is absorbed in the second cycle by refrigerant at the coolant temperature achieved therein.
대표청구항
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A cyclic absorption refrigeration process, employing, in a first absorption refrigeration cycle, in a refrigerant component and in an absorbent component, mutually soluble, normally liquid compounds, whose normal boiling points differ by at least about 50°C., and in a second absorption refregeration
A cyclic absorption refrigeration process, employing, in a first absorption refrigeration cycle, in a refrigerant component and in an absorbent component, mutually soluble, normally liquid compounds, whose normal boiling points differ by at least about 50°C., and in a second absorption refregeration cycle, substantially anhydrous ammonia as refrigerant component and aqueous ammonia, containing from about 40 to about 70 wt. % water, as absorbent component, comprising the steps of: (a) rectifying a refrigerant-enriched absorbent component, in a first-cycle fractionation zone, to provide an overhead refrigerant component stream, comprising from about 93 to about 99 mole % of the lower-boiling compound and from about 1 to about 7 mole % of the higher-boiling compound, and a bottoms absorbent component stream, comprising from about 65 to about 95 mole % of the higher-boiling compound and from about 5 to about 35 mole % of the lower-boiling compound, at a reflux zone pressure within the range from about 30 to about 150 mm. mercury absolute pressure, and at a reboiler zone temperature within the range from about 65 to about 110°C., the reboiler zone being supplied, by indirect heat exchange, with heat from an external source of low-grade heat; (b) cooling the overhead refrigerant component stream by indirect heat exchange with an external coolant stream; (c) transferring the cooled overhead refrigerant component stream to a first-cycle evaporation zone; (d) cooling the bottoms absorbent component stream by indirect heat exchange with the refrigerant-enriched absorbent component stream; (e) transferring the cooled bottoms absorbent component stream to a first-cycle absorption zone. (f) evaporating a substantial portion of the refrigerant component in the first-cycle evaporation zone maintained at a pressure within the range from about 2 to about 13 mm. mercury absolute pressure, to achieve a temperature in a remaining portion of the refrigerant component within the range from about -12°to about +15°C.; (g) collecting an ammonia-water effluent mixture as enriched absorbent component from a second-cycle absorption zone; (h) rectifying the ammonia-water mixture in a second-cycle fractionation zone to provide an overhead refrigerant component stream, comprising substantially anhydrous ammonia, and a bottoms absorbent component stream, comprising aqueous ammonia; (i) circulating the remaining portion of the refrigerant component to a first-cycle refrigeration zone where, by indirect heat exchange, second-cycle ammonia overhead and ammonia-water effluent mixture are cooled to a temperature within the range from about -8°to about +20°C. (j) conducting the evaporated portion of the refrigerant component to the first-cycle absorption zone for mixing therein with the absorbent component to provide the refrigerant-enriched absorbent component, said absorption zone being maintained at the same pressure as the evaporation zone and at a temperature within the range from about 20°to about 60°C., by continuously cooling a portion of the refrigerant-enriched absorbent component in indirect heat exchange with the external coolant stream; (k) returning the refrigerant-enriched absorbent component to the first-cycle fractionating zone; (l) continuously withdrawing a minor part of the refrigerant component from the first-cycle evaporation zone and injecting said refrigerant component into the first-cycle reflux zone; (m) evaporating a substantial portion of the anhydrous ammonia in the second-cycle evaporation zone to achieve a temperature in the remaining liquid ammonia within the range from about -15°to about -60°C.; and (n) circulating the remaining liquid ammonia to a second-cycle refrigeration zone where, by indirect heat exchange, an external heat exchange fluid is cooled to a temperature within the range from about -10°to about -55°C.
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