초록 ▼

A shipboard engine system and method of operating includes two compressors with an intercooler, a compressor turbine, a power turbine, a combustor for combining fuel, air and water. Heat exchangers remove heat from the exhaust and use it to preheat the water to the combustor. Spray condensers recove

A shipboard engine system and method of operating includes two compressors with an intercooler, a compressor turbine, a power turbine, a combustor for combining fuel, air and water. Heat exchangers remove heat from the exhaust and use it to preheat the water to the combustor. Spray condensers recover water from the exhaust for reuse. Water purification apparatus is used to remove acid from the water. The system is designed for stoichiometric operation at full load and run with increased efficiency at part load to give a total lower fuel consumption.

대표청구항 ▼

An open-cycle Rankine engine system, said open-cycle Rankine engine system having a predetermined power profile curve, comprising: first compression means for receiving ambient air and outputting a first compressed air flow mass; cooling means cooperating with said first compression means for extrac

An open-cycle Rankine engine system, said open-cycle Rankine engine system having a predetermined power profile curve, comprising: first compression means for receiving ambient air and outputting a first compressed air flow mass; cooling means cooperating with said first compression means for extracting a thermal energy of compression from said first compressed air flow mass and outputting a cooled, compressed air flow mass; second compression means for receiving said cooled compressed air flow mass and outputting a second compressed air flow mass, and wherein said second compressed air flow mass is variable over a range from a predetermined maximum compressed air flow mass to a predetermined compressed minimum air flow mass; combustion means optimized for stoichiometric combustion of said predetermined maximum compressed air flow mass at a maximum specific horsepower point of said predetermined power profile curve to generate combustion products, said combustion means further optimized to operate at a predetermined maximum combustion temperature during said stoichiometric combustion at said maximum specific horsepower point and wherein said predetermined maximum combustion temperature remains substantially constant over a 4-to-1 power turndown ratio between said maximum specific horsepower point and a Simple Cycle point along said predetermined power profile curve to form said combustion products, such that said combustion means operates at a maximum combustion efficiency at said maximum specific horsepower point and over said 4-to-1 power turndown ratio without flame out and said maximum predetermined compressed air flow mass required during stoichiometric combustion is minimized; injection means for injecting a predetermined mass of steam-water into said combustion means to form a low temperature steam mass and a combustion gases-steam working fluid, said predetermined steam-water mass being variable over a range from a predetermined maximum steam-water mass to a predetermined minimum steam-water mass, and wherein said predetermined steam-water mass is injected into said combustion means and mixes with said combustion products to form said combustion products-steam working fluid; first expansion means optimized for receiving and expanding said low temperature steam mass and said combustion gases-steam working fluid to generate a first output power for powering said second and first compression means and outputting an expanded combustion products-steam working fluid, said first expansion means further optimized to operate at a predetermined maximum inlet temperature at said maximum specific horsepower point and wherein said predetermined maximum inlet temperature remains substantially constant over said 4-to-1 power turndown ratio between said maximum specific horsepower point and said Simple Cycle point along said predetermined power profile curve without choking and said first expansion means is cooled by flow of said low temperature steam mass therethrough; second expansion means for receiving and expanding said expanded combustion products-steam working fluid to generate a second output power for powering a variable load and outputting a combustion products-steam exhaust fluid; means for regulating said predetermined steam-water mass, said second compressed air flow mass, and a fuel introduced into said combustion means, said regulating means adapted to introduce said predetermined maximum steam-water mass, said predetermined maximum compressed air flow mass and said fuel into said combustion means in a first predetermined manner to cause said stoichiometric combustion at said maximum specific horsepower point of said predetermined power profile curve, said regulating means further adapted to vary said fuel and said predetermined steam-water mass introduced into said combustion means in a second predetermined manner, said predetermined steam-water mass being varied between said predetermined maximum steam-water mass and said predetermined minimum steam-water mass, to cause said open-cycle Rankine engine system to operate along said predetermined power profile curve over said 4-to-1 power turndown ratio between said maximum specific horsepower point and said Simple Cycle point such that said predetermined maximum combustion temperature and said predetermined maximum inlet temperature remain substantially constant over said 4-to-1 power turndown ratio and a thermal efficiency of said open-cycle Rankine engine system increases as it operates along said predetermined power profile curve from said maximum specific horsepower point to a Cheng point, and wherein said regulating means is further adapted to vary said fuel and said second compressed air flow mass, said second compressed air flow mass being varied between said predetermined maximum compressed air flow mass and said predetermined minimum air flow mass, in a third predetermined manner for operation of said open-cycle Rankine engine system below said Simple Cycle point such that an inlet temperature of said first expansion means is less than said predetermined maximum inlet temperature; and means for treating said combustion products-steam exhaust fluid to recover water and waste thermal energy therefrom, said treating means further comprising first heat exchanging means for extracting said waste thermal energy from said combustion products-steam exhaust fluid to produce a cooled exhaust fluid, means for condensing water out of said cooled exhaust fluid to produce adulterated water and exhaust gases, said exhaust gases being exhausted to said ambient air, means for neutralizing said adulterated water to produce neutralized water, second heat exchanging means for cooling said neutralized water to produce cooled neutralized water, and means for desalinizing said cooled neutralized water to produce fresh water, wherein said fresh water cooperates with said second heat exchanging means to form preheated fresh water and a first portion of said preheated fresh water cooperates with said first heat exchanging means to extract said waste thermal energy therefrom to form a first steam-water mass and a second portion of said preheated fresh water cooperates with said cooling means to extract said thermal energy of compression therefrom to form a second steam-water mass such that said first steam-water mass and said second steam-water mass combine to form said predetermined steam-water mass; whereby said open-cycle Rankine engine system is optimized for full-load operation at said maximum specific horsepower point, for a first part-load operation along said predetermined power profile curve between said maximum specific horsepower point and said Simple Cycle point over said 4-to-1 power turndown ratio, and for a second part-load operation below said Simple Cycle point to significantly reduce fuel consumption of said open-cycle Rankine engine system over an integrated, weighted full load-part load operating cycle thereof and wherein a total volume of said open cycle Rankine engine system is reduced by approximately fifty percent.