IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0552130
(1983-10-14)
|
우선권정보 |
SE-8201632 (1982-03-15) |
국제출원번호 |
PCT/SE83/00089
(1983-03-15)
|
§371/§102 date |
[Act 371]19831014
([Act 101]19831014)
|
국제공개번호 |
WO83/03294
(1983-09-29)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
|
출원인 / 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
Burns, Doane, Swecker & Mathis
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
11 인용 특허 :
16 |
초록
▼
A completely cooled fast fluidized bed boiler comprises a reactor (4) having a bottom section (3), an integrated primary non-centrifugal mechanical particle separator (5), a gas pass (7) containing convective heat exchangers (10), and means (6,8,9) for controllably recirculating separated particles
A completely cooled fast fluidized bed boiler comprises a reactor (4) having a bottom section (3), an integrated primary non-centrifugal mechanical particle separator (5), a gas pass (7) containing convective heat exchangers (10), and means (6,8,9) for controllably recirculating separated particles into the reactor bottom section (3). Reactor (4), separator (5) and gas pass (7) are built as an integrated unit within one and the same cooling system. The boiler is controlled by maintaining the bed temperature substantially constant or within a relatively narrow temperature interval by regulating the recirculation rate dependent on boiler load. For regulating the recirculation rate a non-mechanical valve, preferably a so-called L-valve (8), is used.
대표청구항
▼
1. Fast fluidized bed boiler comprising a vertical reactor having a bottom section, a primary particle separator, a gas pass containing convective heat exchangers, and optionally a secondary particle separator, means for recirculating separated particles into the reactor bottom section, the boiler b
1. Fast fluidized bed boiler comprising a vertical reactor having a bottom section, a primary particle separator, a gas pass containing convective heat exchangers, and optionally a secondary particle separator, means for recirculating separated particles into the reactor bottom section, the boiler being a completely cooled and integrated design, the integrated primary particle separator being a non-centrifugal mechanical separator of a general labyrinth type, the reactor and the primary particle separator and the gas pass containing convective heat exchangers being built as a unit within one and the same cooling system. 2. Boiler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the integrated unit is in the form of a slice-shaped module, enabling power to be increased by connecting the unit in parallel with one or more such units with or without cooled partitions. 3. Boiler as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the primary particle separator is provided in direct connection to the reactor outlet. 4. Boiler as claimed in claim 3, characterized on that the primary particle separator has a substantially two-dimensional gas flow. 5. Boiler as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the primary particle separator has a substantially two-dimensional gas flow. 6. Boiler as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the primary particle separator comprises staggered channels, chutes or the like extending at least generally transversely relative to the gas flow and separating and carrying away particles. 7. Boiler as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the primary particle separator is arranged to separate and carry away particles into a particle storage, the particle storage having a wall common with reactor. 8. Boiler as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said means for recirculating separated particles comprise a non-mechanical valve of a L-valve type, using concurrent fluidization for controlling the recirculation rate. 9. Boiler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the primary particle separator is provided in direct connection to the reactor outlet. 10. Boiler as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the primary particle separator has a substantially two-dimensional gas flow. 11. Boiler as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the primary particle separator comprises staggered channels, chutes or the like extending at least generally transversely relative to the gas flow and separating and carrying away particles. 12. Boiler as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the primary particle separator is arranged to separate and carry away particles into a particle storage, the particle storage being located between the reactor and a downward gas pass. 13. Boiler as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that said means for recirculating separated particles comprise a non-mechanical valve of a L-valve type, using concurrent fluidization for controlling the recirculation rate from the particle storage to the reactor bottom section. 14. Boiler as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the primary particle separator comprises staggered channels, chutes or the like extending at least generally transversely relative to the gas flow and separating and carrying away particles, the primary particle separator being arranged to separate and carry away particles into a particle storage, the particle storage being arranged between the reactor and a downward gas pass. 15. Boiler as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that said means for recirculating separated particles comprises a non-mechanical valve of a L-valve type, using concurrent fluidization for controlling the recirculation rate from the particle storage to the reactor bottom section. 16. Boiler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the primary particle separator has a substantially two-dimensional gas flow. 17. Boiler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the primary particle separator comprises staggered channels, chutes or the like extending at least generally transversely relative to the gas flow and separating and carrying away particles. 18. Boiler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the primary particle separator is arranged to separate and carry away particles into a particle storage, the particle storage being located between the reactor and a downward gas pass. 19. Boiler as claimed in claim 18, wherein the particle separator is provided above the particle storage at the transition between a top of the reactor and a first portion of a downward gas pass. 20. Boiler as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that said staggered channels, chutes or the like are suspended at their top ends, the other ends thereof being loose and extending through corresponding holes of the particle storage roof wall into the particle storage. 21. Boiler as claimed in claim 20, characterized in that the primary particle separator also comprises a particle separator section provided in a first part of a downward gas pass and consisting of staggered channels, chutes or the like suspended at their tops at a back wall of said downward gas pass and extending inclined relative to the vertical direction and loosely into particle storage through corresponding holes in said second opposite wall. 22. Boiler as claimed in claim 18, characterized in that particle storage has a wall common with the reactor. 23. Boiler as claimed in claim 22, characterized in that particle storage has a second opposite wall common with the downward gas pass, the primary particle separator being provided above the particle storage at the transition between the top of the reactor and a first portion of said downward gas pass. 24. Boiler as claimed in claim 23, characterized in that the primary particle separator also comprises a particle separator section provided in said first portion of said downward gas pass and consisting of staggered channels, chutes or the like suspended at their tops at a back wall of said downward gas pass and extending inclined relative to the vertical direction and loosely into particle storage through corresponding holes in said second opposite wall. 25. Boiler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said means for recirculating separated particles comprise a non-mechanical valve of a L-valve type, using concurrent fluidization for controlling the recirculation rate. 26. A method of controlling a cooled fast fluidized bed boiler, the boiler comprising a reactor, a primary particle separator, a gas pass, and a bottom section of the reactor, the method comprising the steps of maintaining the temperature of the bed material of the reactor substantially constant or within a relatively narrow temperature interval by regulating the recirculation flow of separated particles dependent on the boiler load, thereby varying the particle density of the reactor and thus the heat transfer to the cooled walls of the reactor. 27. A method as claimed in claim 26, characterized by sensing the boiler load and regulating the rate of the particle recirculation in response thereto, and by sensing the temperature of the bed material and regulating the supply of fuel and air into the reactor in response thereto. 28. A method as claimed in claim 27, characterized by using a L-valve for regulating the recirculation flow of separated material in the fast fluidized bed boiler. 29. A method as claimed in claim 26, characterized by sensing the boiler load and regulating the supply of fuel and air into the reactor in response thereto, and by sensing the temperature of the bed material and regulating the rate of the particle recirculation in response thereto. 30. A method as claimed in claim 29, characterized by using a L-valve for regulating the recirculation flow of separated material in the fast fluidized bed boiler. 31. A method as claimed in claim 26, characterized by using a L-valve for regulating the recirculation flow of separated material in the fast fluidized bed boiler. 32. An apparatus for controlling a cooled first fluidized bed boiler, the boiler comprising a reactor having cooled walls, a primary particle separator, a gas pass, and means for recirculating separated particles into a bottom section of the reactor, the apparatus including means for sensing the boiler load, and means for controlling said means for recirculating separated particles dependent on the boiler load sensed, and thereby the recirculation rate such that the temperature of the bed material of the reactor is maintained substantially constant or within a relatively narrow temperature interval. 33. An apparatus as claimed in claim 32, characterized in that said means for recirculating separated particles include a particle storage having a wall common with the reactor and receiving separated particles from the primary particle separator, the particle storage feeding the bottom section of the reactor via controlled valve means. 34. An apparatus as claimed in claim 32, characterized in that said means for recirculating separated particles comprise a L-valve, using concurrent fluidization for controlling the recirculation rate. 35. An apparatus as claimed in claim 33, characterized in that said means for recirculating separated particles comprise a L-valve, using concurrent fluidization for controlling the recirculation rate.
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