초록 ▼

The continuous process for hydrolyzing cellulose-containing material (substrate) is carried out by sorption of gaseous HF in a sorption reaction (1) and subsequent desorption in n steps, which are carried out in n reactors which are separated from one another in a gas-tight manner. The substrate is

The continuous process for hydrolyzing cellulose-containing material (substrate) is carried out by sorption of gaseous HF in a sorption reaction (1) and subsequent desorption in n steps, which are carried out in n reactors which are separated from one another in a gas-tight manner. The substrate is introduced via a gas-tight valve into the sorption reactor (1), passes through this and then reaches consecutively, through gas-tight valves, a hold-up reactor (2) and the first (3c), second (3b), . . . nth desporption reactor, from which it is then removed. The desorption is carried out in each case by the action of one of the n inert gas streams on the substrate at different temperatures, the particular inert gas stream being enriched with the HF being liberated during desorption. The gas streams, which are enriched to different extents with HF, are allowed to act on the substrate in the sorption reactor (1) in such a manner that the gas streams of low HF concentration act on a substrate having a zero or low concentration of HF and thereafter the gas streams of higher HF concentration act on substrate having higher HF concentration. The total gas stream (8a) produced from the individual gas streams leaves, after completion of sorption, the sorption reactor (1) largely freed of HF and is either conveyed to the desorption steps after dividing up into individual gas streams or it initially passes through the last desorption step (3a) and is thereafter divided up and passed to the other desorption steps in order, after passing through the latter, to be returned to the sorption reactor (1).

대표청구항 ▼

1. A continuous process for hydrolyzing cellulose-containing material to obtain hydrolytic cleavage of cellulose macromolecules and formation of smaller, water-soluble molecules, in which sorption of gaseous hydrogen flouride occurs followed by desorption of the HF, said process comprising: carry

1. A continuous process for hydrolyzing cellulose-containing material to obtain hydrolytic cleavage of cellulose macromolecules and formation of smaller, water-soluble molecules, in which sorption of gaseous hydrogen flouride occurs followed by desorption of the HF, said process comprising: carrying out the sorption of the HF by the cellulose-containing material at a temperature above the boiling point of HF in a sorption step, and then removing the sorbed HF by the action of heated gas streams in n desorption steps, wherein n is a whole number and wherein the sorption and desorption steps are carried out in zones separated from each other in a gas-tight manner; the cellulose-containing material being passed through a gas-tight valve into the sorption zone and then passed therethrough such that said cellulose-containing material acquires an increasing level of HF sorption in said sorption zone; passing said material containing sorbed HF, through gas-tight valves, consecutively through the first through the nth desorption zones; the desorption in each desorption zone being carried out by the said action of one of n heated gas streams, each said gas stream comprising an inert carrier gas which becomes enriched with HF gas due to the HF liberated during desorption, resulting in n HF-enriched gas streams varying in HF concentration; passing the HF-enriched gas stream of lowest HF concentration to the sorption zone to act on cellulose-containing material having the lowest concentration of sorbed HF and passing the HF-enriched gas stream of highest concentration to the sorption zone to act on the material having the highest concentration of sorbed HF; conveying from the sorption zone a total gas stream obtained from the individual gas streams in the sorption zone, after completion of sorption, said total gas stream being substantially depleted of HF, such that said total gas stream, or subdivided portions thereof, can be circulated through said desorption zones; and removing thus hydrolyzed and thus desorbed material from the nth desorption zone. 2. A process according to claim 1, wherein said total gas stream initially passes through the nth desorption zone and thereafter is divided up and conveyed to the other desorption zones. 3. A process according to claim 1, wherein said total gas stream is divided into n heated gas streams which are conveyed to the n desorption zones. 4. A process according to claim 1, wherein the desorption is carried out in each desorption zone by the action of one of n heated gas streams concurrently with said material. 5. A process according to claim 1, wherein n is a whole number from 2 to 6. 6. A process according to claim 5, wherein n is 2 to 4. 7. A process according to claim 5, wherein said cellulose-containing material comprises a preliminary hydrolyzate of wood or wood waste from annual plants or waste paper. 8. A process according to claim 5, wherein said inert carrier gas is air or nitrogen. 9. A process according to claim 5, wherein said HF-enriched gas stream is divided up after leaving a desorption zone and one part is directly returned to the inlet of said desorption zone. 10. A process according to claim 5, wherein several HF-enriched gas streams are divided up after leaving the desorption zones and one part of each of said HF-enriched gas stream is directly returned to the inlet of the respective desorption zone. 11. A process according to claim 1, wherein said cellulose-containing material comprises a preliminary hydrolyzate of wood or waste from annual plants or waste paper. 12. A process according to claim 1, wherein said inert carrier gas is air or nitrogen. 13. A process according to claim 1, wherein said HF-enriched gas stream is divided up after leaving a desorption zone and one part is directly returned to the inlet of said desorption zone. 14. A process according to claim 1, wherein several HF-enriched gas streams are divided up after leaving the desorption zones and one part of each said HF-enriched gas stream is directly returned to the inlet of the respective desorption zone.