초록 ▼

An apparatus for an endothermic reaction, such as steam reforming of hydrocarbon gas, comprises a reaction vessel sandwiched or surrounded by heat generating apparatus. In the heat generating apparatus, a primary fuel gas and air are supplied and mixed therein, then pass through a fuel gas heating s

An apparatus for an endothermic reaction, such as steam reforming of hydrocarbon gas, comprises a reaction vessel sandwiched or surrounded by heat generating apparatus. In the heat generating apparatus, a primary fuel gas and air are supplied and mixed therein, then pass through a fuel gas heating section therefor, a combustion catalyst bed, a combustion section and a discharge section in that order. A secondary fuel gas is supplied into the combustion section, typically in a plurality of stages. The primary fuel gas mixture is heated up or ignited in the preheating section, burns and passes through the catalyst bed. At least a part of the combustion section is packed with heat transfer bodies. The gas from the catalyst bed burns in the combustion section with the secondary fuel. The heat transfer bodies receive heat from the combustion gas passing therethrough by convection and radiates the heat to the reaction vessel. The heat of the combustion gas is thereby transferred to the reaction gas flowing, countercurrently with the combustion gas, through the reaction vessel wall by radiation from the heat transfer bodies. The reaction product gas is recovered through the reaction vessel countercurrently with the incoming reaction gas, thereby giving its heat to the incoming reaction gas. An even distribution of heat supply along the entire length of the flow path of the reaction gas, reduction of apparatus size, decrease in limitations on the heat-resistant materials that can be used in the apparatus, and easier designing, construction, maintenance and control of the apparatus are achieved.

대표청구항 ▼

A reaction apparatus comprising: at least one reaction vessel for effecting an endothermic reaction and heat generation means on the outside of and in contact with said reaction vessel; said heat generation means comprising a mixing chamber at one end of said heat generation means, means for supplyi

A reaction apparatus comprising: at least one reaction vessel for effecting an endothermic reaction and heat generation means on the outside of and in contact with said reaction vessel; said heat generation means comprising a mixing chamber at one end of said heat generation means, means for supplying primary fuel gas to said mixing chamber and means for supplying an oxygen-containing gas to said mixing chamber so that said fuel gas and said oxygen-containing gas are mixed together in said mixing chamber; a preheating chamber for receiving said mixture of said fuel gas and said oxygen-containing gas and preheating said mixture; a gas-permeable catalyst bed containing a catalyst for causing combustion of said preheated mixture, said catalyst bed being disposed adjacent to said preheating chamber for receiving said preheated mixture therefrom; a combustion chamber for receiving the burning mixture from said catalyst bed, said combustion chamber containing secondary fuel gas supply means for supplying additional fuel gas to said combustion chamber, said combustion chamber containing heat-transfer bodies at least partially filling said combustion chamber; and first discharge means for discharging gaseous products of combustion from said combustion chamber, wherein said mixing chamber, said preheating chamber, said gas-permeable catalyst bed, said combustion chamber and said first discharge means are arranged in series in that order from said one end of said heat generation means to the opposite end thereof; said reaction vessel being contacted by said combustion chamber, whereby heat is transferred from said combustion chamber to said reaction vessel; means for supplying a reactant gas to said reaction vessel at a location beyond said opposite end of said heat generation means, thence flowing said reactant gas through said reaction vessel in a direction opposite to the direction in which fuel gas and gaseous products of combustion of said fuel gas flow through said heat generation means whereby to cause the reactant gas to react to form a reaction product gas, at least one discharge passage means extending into said reaction vessel for isolating said reaction product gas from said reactant gas and flowing it through said reaction vessel in the same direction as the direction in which fuel gas gaseous products of combustion thereof flow through said heat generation means; and second discharge means for discharging said reaction product gas from said discharge passage means.