초록 ▼

A super-heavy oil emulsion fuel is formed by emulsification using 100 parts by weight of super-heavy oil, 30-80 parts by weight of water, 0.01-4 parts by weight of an anionic surface activating agent, and a nonionic surface activating agent having an HLB (hydrophilic lipophilic balance) of 9-19 at a

A super-heavy oil emulsion fuel is formed by emulsification using 100 parts by weight of super-heavy oil, 30-80 parts by weight of water, 0.01-4 parts by weight of an anionic surface activating agent, and a nonionic surface activating agent having an HLB (hydrophilic lipophilic balance) of 9-19 at an anionic surface activating agent/nonionic surface activating agent weight ratio of 1/99-75/25. The super-heavy oil emulsion fuel can also comprise 100 parts by weight of super-heavy oil, 30-80 parts by weight of water, 0.05-4 parts by weight of a nonionic surface active agent having an HLB of 9-19 and, optionally, 0.005-4 parts by weight of an anionic surface active agent.

대표청구항 ▼

A super-heavy oil emulsion fuel consisting essentially of 100 parts by weight of super-heavy oil, 30-80 parts by weight of water, 0.01-4 parts by weight of at least one anionic surface active agent selected from groups (i)-(vii) enumerated below, and at least one nonionic surface active agent having

A super-heavy oil emulsion fuel consisting essentially of 100 parts by weight of super-heavy oil, 30-80 parts by weight of water, 0.01-4 parts by weight of at least one anionic surface active agent selected from groups (i)-(vii) enumerated below, and at least one nonionic surface active agent having an HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) of 9-19 and selected from groups (I)-(VII) enumerated below, wherein the weight ratio of said anionic surface active agent/nonionic surface active agent is from 1/99-75/25; anionic surface active agents: (i) the group consisting of formaldehyde condensation products of sulfonic acid or sulfonate salts of cyclic aromatic compounds in which the average degree of condensation of formaldehyde is 1.2-100, wherein the salts are lower amine salts, alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts, (ii) the group consisting of formaldehyde condensation products of lignosulfonic acid, lignosulfonate salts, derivatives thereof and lignosulfonate and sulfonates of aromatic compounds, and salts thereof, wherein said salts are lower amine salts, alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts, and wherein the average degree of condensation of formaldehyde is 1.2-50, (iii) the group consisting of copolymers and salts thereof of polystyrene sulfonic acid, salts thereof, or styrene sulfonic acid with other copolymerizable monomers, said copolymers having a molecular weight of 500-500,000, wherein said salts are lower amine salts, alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts, (iv) the group consisting of dicyclopentadiene sulfonate polymers and salts thereof in which the molecular weight of the polymer is 500-500,000 and wherein said salts are lower amine salts, alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts, (v) the group consisting of copolymers of maleic anhydride and/or itaconic anhydride, their acids and their salts with other copolymerizable monomers in which the molecular weight of the copolymer is 500-500,000, wherein said salts are ammonium salts or alkali metal salts, (vi) the group consisting of the maleic compounds and their salts of liquid polybutadiene in which the molecular weight of liquid butadiene is 500-200,000, wherein said salts are ammonium salts, or alkali metal salts, (vii) the group consisting of the following anionic surface active agents having 1 to 2 hydrophilic groups in the same molecule, (a) sulfuric ester salts of alcohols having 4-18 carbon atoms wherein said salts are lower amine salts, alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts, (b) alkanes, alkenes and/or alkylaryl sulfonates or their salts having 4-18 carbon atoms in which said salts are lower amine salts, alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts, (c) sulfates or phosphate esters and salts of the alkylene oxide addition products of compounds having 1 or more active hydrogens in the same molecule, (d) sulfosuccinate salts which are esters of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having 4-22 carbon atoms, (e) alkyldiphenylether disulfonates and their salts in which the alkyl groups have 8-18 carbon atoms, (f) rosin acids and their salts, tall oil and mixtures of rosin acid and higher fatty acids and salts thereof, in which the salts are ammonium, sodium or potassium salts, (g) alkane or alkene fatty acids having 4-18 carbon atoms and their salts in which the salts are ammonium, potassium or sodium; nonionic surface active agents: (I) the group consisting of alkylene oxide addition products of compounds having phenolic hydroxyl groups, in which the alkylene oxide is ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, butylene oxide or styrene oxide, (II) the group consisting of the alkylene oxide addition products of formaldehyde condensation products of compounds having phenolic hydroxyl groups, in which a condensation degree is 1.2-100 and the alkylene oxide is ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, butylene oxide or styrene oxide, (III) the group consisting of the alkylene oxide addition products of monovalent aliphatic alcohols and/or aliphatic amines having 2-50 carbon atoms, in which the alkylene oxide is ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, butylene oxide or styrene oxide, (IV) the group consisting of the block or random addition polymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide and styrene oxide, (V) the group consisting of the alkylene oxide addition products of polyhydric alcohols, or esters of said polyhydric alcohols and fatty acids having 8-18 carbon atoms, wherein the alkylene oxide is ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, butylene oxide or styrene oxide, (VI) alkylene oxide addition products of amines having a multiple number of active hydrogen atoms, wherein the alkylene oxide is ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, butylene oxide or styrene oxide, (VII) products of the reaction resulting from the addition of an alkylene oxide to a mixture of 1 mole of triglyceride oil and 1 or 2 or more polyhydric alcohols selected from the group consisting of glycerine, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, sucrose, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1000 or less, propylene glycol, and polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1000 or less, and/or 0.1-5 moles of water, wherein the alkylene oxide is ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, butylene oxide or styrene oxide.