Reactor and reaction method with internal heat control by hollow heat exchanger plates
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
B01J-008/02
F28D-009/00
출원번호
US-0296179
(1989-01-12)
우선권정보
FR-0000340 (1988-01-13)
발명자
/ 주소
Dang Vu, Quang
Huin, Roland
Euzen, Jean-Paul
출원인 / 주소
Institut Francais du Petrole
대리인 / 주소
Millen, White & Zelano
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
18인용 특허 :
3
초록▼
The invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out chemical reactions in the presence of at least one catalyst, in at least one reaction zone equipped with heat exchanger plates allowing the temperature of the zone to be controlled. The apparatus mainly comprises a reactor (1), at least one cent
The invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out chemical reactions in the presence of at least one catalyst, in at least one reaction zone equipped with heat exchanger plates allowing the temperature of the zone to be controlled. The apparatus mainly comprises a reactor (1), at least one central distributing manifold (6.1a), a plurality of distributing manifolds (6.2a), at least one central receiving manifold (6.5a), a plurality of receiving manifolds (6.4a), a plurality of connecting manifolds (6.6a) and a plurality of hollow, continuous, elongate plates (6.3a), each divided into two hollow half panels (6.3, 1a and 6.3, 2a). The plates are preferably substantially parallelepipedic and may contain adjacent channels having one of the following forms: square, rectangular, triangular, or sinusoidal.
대표청구항▼
1. An apparatus comprising a substantially cylindrical reactor (1) having a substantially circular cross section, said reactor also having an upper part, a lower part, and a central axis, and said reactor being in fluid communication with a first duct (2) for introduction of heat-carrying fluid, at
1. An apparatus comprising a substantially cylindrical reactor (1) having a substantially circular cross section, said reactor also having an upper part, a lower part, and a central axis, and said reactor being in fluid communication with a first duct (2) for introduction of heat-carrying fluid, at least one duct (4) for introduction of a charge into said reactor, a second duct (3) for removal of heat-carrying fluid, and at least one duct (5) for removal of reaction effluent from said reactor, said apparatus further comprising: a) a central distributing manifold (6.1a), having a longitudinal axis corresponding to said axis of said reactor, which is situated in the upper part of said reactor and is in fluid communication with said first duct (2) for introduction of heat-carrying fluid; b) a plurality of distributing manifolds (6.2a), each having a longitudinal axis parallel to said axis of said reactor, said distributing manifolds being individually in fluid communication, towards their top, with said central distributing manifold (6.1a); c) a central receiving manifold (6.5a) having a longitudinal axis corresponding to said axis of said reactor, which is situated in said lower part of said reactor and is in fluid communication with said second duct (3) for removal of heat-carrying fluid; d) a plurality of receiving manifolds (6.4a), each having a longitudinal axis parallel to said axis of said reactor, said receiving manifolds being individually in fluid communication, towards their base, with said central receiving manifold (6.5a) and each of said receiving manifolds being positioned substantially along the same axis of a corresponding one of said plurality of distributing manifolds (6.2a), a sealed contact surface existing between each receiving manifold (6.4a) and its corresponding one of said plurality of distributing manifolds (6.2a); e) a plurality of connecting manifolds (6.6a), each of said connecting manifolds being parallel to the axes of said reactor, one of said plurality of receiving manifolds (6.4a), and a corresponding one of said plurality of distributing manifolds (6.2a), each of said connecting manifolds being situated in a plane defined by said axes of said reactor, said one of said plurality of receiving manifolds (6.4a), and said corresponding one of said plurality of distributing manifolds (6.2a); f) a plurality of continuous, elongated, substantially parallelepipedic, hollow plates (6.3a) suitable for flow of heat-carrying fluid, each of said plates being divided, widthways, into a pair of half-panels (6.3, 1a; 6.3, 2a), a sealed contact surface existing between said half-panels of said pair, each of said half-panels of said pair being in fluid communication with one of said plurality of connecting manifolds (6.6a) thereby placing each of said half-panels of each of said hollow plates in fluid communication with the other half-panel of said pair, one of said half-panels of said pair (6.3, 1a) being in fluid communication with one of said plurality of distributing manifolds (6.2a) and other half-panel of said pair (6.3, 2a) being in fluid communication with said corresponding one of said plurality of receiving manifolds (6.4a). 2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of hollow plates are disposed within a catalyst bed contained in said reactor. 3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of hollow plates are positioned so as to be stationary within said reactor. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said reactor contains a catalyst. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said catalyst is solid. 6. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said hollow plates are formed by corrugated metal sheets whose corrugations are selected from the group of shapes consisting of: rectangular, triangular, sinusoidal and herring bone pattern. 7. An apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said corrugated metal sheets are less than 10 mm thick. 8. An apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said corrugated metal sheets are less than 3 mm thick. 9. An apparatus according to claim 6, wherein each central distributing manifold (6.1a), each central receiving manifold (6.5a), each distributing manifold (6.2a) each receiving manifold (6.4a) and each connecting manifold (6.6a) have a circular cross section. 10. An apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said corrugation is of a rectangular shape. 11. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of said hollow plates comprises two wide parallel faces, defining a plane disposed radially with respect to said axis of said reactor, and four thin faces, two of said four thin faces being parallel to said axis of said reactor and the other two of said four thin faces being perpendicular to said axis of said reactor, said pair of half-panels of each of said hollow plates being in fluid communication, over the whole of their thin face which is parallel to said axis of said reactor and is furthest away from said axis of said reactor, with a connecting manifold (6.6a), thereby placing said half-panels of said pair (6.3, 1a) and 6.3, 2a) in fluid communication with each other, one of said half-panels (6.3, 1a) being in fluid communication, over the whole of its thin face which is parallel to said axis of said reactor and is closest to said axis of said reactor, with one of said distributing manifolds (6.2a) and the other half-panel (6.3, 2a) being in fluid communication, over the whole of its thin face which is parallel to said axis of said reactor and is closest to said axis of said reactor, with a corresponding one of said plurality of receiving manifolds (6.4a). 12. An apparatus according to claim 11, wherein adjacent channels are formed in each of said hollow plates by corrugated metal sheets, said channels connecting together said two thin faces parallel to said axis of said reactor of each of said plates, the sections of said channels being selected from the group of shapes consisting of: rectangular, triangular and sinusoidal. 13. An apparatus according to claim 12, wherein cross sections of said channels are of a rectangular shape. 14. An apparatus comprising a substantially cylindrical reactor (1) having a substantially circular cross section and a central axis and said reactor being in fluid communication with a first duct (2) for introduction of heat-carrying fluid, a second duct (3) for removal of heat-carrying fluid, at least one duct (4) for introduction of a charge into said reactor and at least one duct (5) for removal of reaction affluent from said reactor, said apparatus further comprising: a) a central distributing manifold (6.1b) having a longitudinal axis corresponding to said axis of said reactor, and which is in fluid communication with said first duct (2) for introduction of heat-carrying fluid; b) a plurality of connecting manifolds (6.6b) parallel to said axis of said reactor; c) a central receiving manifold (6.5b) having a longitudinal axis corresponding to said axis of said reactor, and which is in fluid communication with said second duct (3) for removal of heat-carrying fluid; d) a first plurality of hollow plates for providing flow of said heat-carrying fluid, each of said first plurality of hollow plates being in fluid communication with said central distributing manifold; and e) a second plurality of hollow plates for providing flow of said heat-carrying fluid, each of said second plurality of hollow plates being in fluid communication with said central receiving manifold, each of said second plurality of hollow plates further being disposed below and substantially parallel with a corresponding one of said first plurality of hollow plates; wherein each of said plurality of connecting manifolds are in fluid communication with one of said second plurality of hollow plates and said corresponding one of said first plurality of hollow plates, each of said first plurality of plates radially extending from said central distributing manifold to one of said connecting manifolds, each of said second plurality of plates extending from said central receiving manifold to one of said connecting manifolds. 15. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein each central distributing manifold (6.1b), each central receiving manifold (6.5b), and each connecting manifold (6.6b) have a circular cross section. 16. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said first and second pluralities hollow plates are disposed within a catalyst bed contained in said reactor. 17. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said plurality of hollow plates are positioned so as to be stationary within said reactor. 18. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the faces of said hollow plates are substantially formed by corrugated metal sheets whose corrugations are selected from the group of shapes consisting of: rectangular, triangular, sinusoidal and herring bone pattern. 19. An apparatus according to claim 18, wherein said corrugated metal sheets are less than 10 mm thick. 20. Apparatus according to claim 18, wherein said corrugated metal sheets are less than 3 mm thick. 21. An apparatus according to claim 18, wherein said corrugations are of a rectangular shape. 22. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein each of said hollow plates comprises two parallel faces, defining a plane disposed radially with respect to said axis of said reactor, and four thin faces, two of said four thin faces being parallel to said axis of said reactor, the other two of said four faces being perpendicular to said axis of said reactor, each of said plates of said first plurality of hollow plates (6.3, 1b) being in fluid communication, over the whole of its thin face which is parallel to said axis of said reactor and is furthest away from said axis of said reactor, with a connecting manifold (6.6b) and being in fluid communication, over the whole of its thin face which is parallel to said axis of said reactor and is closest to said axis of said reactor, with said central distributing manifold (6.1b), each of said plates of said second plurality of hollow plates (6.3, 2b) being in fluid communication, over the whole of its thin face which is parallel to said axis of said reactor and is furthest away from said axis of said reactor, with one of said connecting manifolds (6.6b) thereby placing each plate of said second plurality of hollow plates in fluid communication with a corresponding plate of said first plurality of hollow plates, each plate of said second plurality of hollow plates also being in fluid communication, over the whole of its thin face which is parallel to said axis of said reactor and is closest to said axis of said reactor, with said central receiving manifold (6.5b). 23. An apparatus according to claim 22, wherein adjacent channels are formed in each of said hollow plates by corrugated metal sheets, said channels connecting together said two thin faces parallel to said axis of said reactor of each of said plate, the sections of said channels being selected from the group of shapes consisting of: square, rectangular, triangular and sinusoidal. 24. An apparatus according to claim 23, wherein cross sections of said channels are of a rectangular shape. 25. An apparatus comprising a substantially cylindrical reactor having a substantially circular cross section, a central axis, a first duct for introduction of heat-carrying fluid, a second duct for removal of heat-carrying fluid, at least one duct for introduction of a reactor charge, and at least one duct for removal of a reaction effluent, said apparatus further comprising: a) a central distributing manifold having a longitudinal axis, said longitudinal axis of said central distributing manifold being disposed along said axis of said reactor, said central distributing manifold being in fluid communication with said first duct; b) a plurality of connecting manifolds, each one of said plurality of connecting manifolds being parallel to said axis of said reactor; c) a central receiving manifold having a longitudinal axis, said longitudinal axis of said central receiving manifold being disposed along said axis of said reactor, said central receiving manifold being in fluid communication with said second duct; d) a first plurality of hollow plates for providing flow of heat-carrying fluid, each of said first plurality of hollow plates being in fluid communication with said central distributing manifold; and e) a second plurality of hollow plates for providing flow of heat-carrying fluid, each of said second plurality of hollow plates being in fluid communication with said central receiving manifold, each of said second plurality of hollow plates further being disposed below and substantially parallel with a corresponding one of said first plurality of hollow plates; wherein each of said plurality of connecting manifolds is in fluid communication with one of said second plurality of hollow plates and with said corresponding one of said first plurality of hollow plates; and further wherein said first and second pluralities of hollow plates, said plurality of connecting manifolds, said central distributing manifold, and said central receiving manifold form an association, said apparatus further comprising a plurality of said associations, said associations being stacked along said axis of said reactor, said central receiving manifold of each of said plurality of associations being in fluid communication with the central distributing manifold of an adjacent one of said plurality of associations. 26. In a heat transfer process wherein said process is conducted in a reactor comprising a catalyst bed and means for heat transfer, the improvement comprising: said process being conducted in a substantially cylindrical reactor (1) having a substantially circular cross section, said reactor also having an upper part, a lower part, and a central axis, and said reactor being in fluid communication with a first duct (2) for introduction of heat-carrying fluid, at least one duct (4) for introduction of a charge into said reactor, a second duct (3) for removal of heat-carrying fluid, and at least one duct (5) for removal of reaction effluent from said reactor, said apparatus further comprising: a) a central distributing manifold (6.1a), having a longitudinal axis corresponding to said axis of said reactor, which is situated in the upper part of said reactor and is in fluid communication with said first duct (2) for introduction of heat-carrying fluid; b) a plurality of distributing manifolds (6.2a), each having a longitudinal axis parallel to said axis of said reactor, said distributing manifolds being individually in fluid communication, towards their top, with said central distributing manifold (6.1a); c) a central receiving manifold (6.5a) having a longitudinal axis corresponding to said axis of said reactor, which is situated in said lower part of said reactor and is in fluid communication with said second duct (3) for removal of heat-carrying fluid; d) a plurality of receiving manifolds (6.4a), each having a longitudinal axis parallel to said axis of said reactor, said receiving manifolds being individually in fluid communication, towards their base, with said central receiving manifold (6.5a) and each of said receiving manifolds being positioned substantially along the same axis of a corresponding one of said plurality of distributing manifolds (6.2a), a sealed contact surface existing between each receiving manifold (6.4a) and its corresponding one of said plurality of distributing manifolds (6.2a); e) a plurality of connecting manifolds (6.6a), each of said connecting manifolds being parallel to the axes of said reactor, one of said plurality of receiving manifolds (6.4a), and a corresponding one of said plurality of distributing manifolds (6.2a), each of said connecting manifolds being situated in a plane defined by said axes of said reactor, said one of said plurality of receiving manifolds (6.4a), and said corresponding one of said plurality of distributing manifolds (6.2a); f) a plurality of continuous, elongated, substantially parallelepipedic, hollow plates (6.3a) suitable for flow of heat-carrying fluid, each of said plates being divided, widthways, into a pair of half-panels (6.3, 1a; 6.3, 2a), a sealed contact surface existing between said half-panels of said pair, each of said half-panels of said pair being in fluid communication with one of said plurality of connecting manifolds (6.6a) thereby placing each of said half-panels of each of said hollow plates in fluid communication with the other half-panel of said pair, one of said half-panels of said pair (6.3, 1a) being in fluid communication with one of said plurality of distributing manifolds (6.2a) and other half-panel of said pair (6.3, 2a) being in fluid communication with said corresponding one of said plurality of receiving manifolds (6.4a) wherein said reactor contains a catalyst, and wherein a heat-carrying fluid is introduced into said reactor via said first duct for the introduction of heat-carrying fluid, said heat-carrying fluid is removed from said reactor via said second duct for the removal of heat-carrying fluid, a fluid charge is introduced into said reactor via said at least one duct for the introduction of a charge, and reactor effluent is removed from said reactor via said at least one duct for removal of reaction effluent.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (3)
Parker Kenneth O. (Rolling Hills Estates CA), Method of fabrication of a formed plate, counterflow fluid heat exchanger and apparatus thereof.
Dang Vu, Quang; Pradel, Claude; Euzen, Jean-Paul; Le Page, Jean-Francois, Plate reactors for chemical syntheses under high pressure in gaseous phase and with heterogeneous catalysis.
Clawson,Lawrence G.; Dorson,Matthew H.; Mitchell,William L.; Nowicki,Brian J.; Bentley,Jeffrey M.; Davis,Robert; Rumsey,Jennifer W., Auxiliary reactor for a hydrocarbon reforming system.
Clawson, Lawrence G.; Dorson, Matthew H.; Mitchell, William L.; Nowicki, Brian J.; Thijssen, Johannes; Davis, Robert; Papile, Christopher; Rumsey, Jennifer W.; Longo, Nathan; Cross, III, James C.; Ri, Integrated hydrocarbon reforming system and controls.
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