Gold electrocatalyst, methods for preparing it, electrodes prepared therefrom and methods of using them
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
C25B-001/00
C25B-011/08
출원번호
US-0434898
(1989-11-13)
발명자
/ 주소
Taylor Earl J. (Chelmsford MA) Moniz Gary A. (Windham NH)
출원인 / 주소
Physical Sciences Inc. (Andover MA 02)
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
43인용 특허 :
15
초록▼
The disclosed electrocatalyst material is useful in electrodes, especially in cathodes for the reduction of oxygen or peroxide to water or hydroxide. The electrocatalyst typically comprises 0.1 to 20 weight-%, based on the weight of the material, of a supported particulate elemental gold wherein the
The disclosed electrocatalyst material is useful in electrodes, especially in cathodes for the reduction of oxygen or peroxide to water or hydroxide. The electrocatalyst typically comprises 0.1 to 20 weight-%, based on the weight of the material, of a supported particulate elemental gold wherein the particles are apparently crystalline in nature, apparently with exposed (100) faces, but smaller in size than 5 nanometers (2/g. The supported gold monocrystals appear to be selective for the reductions described above, and performance in air- or O2-cathodes is outstanding, e.g. >0.7 volt vs. RHE at 200 mA/cm2, generally indicating a substantial proportion of four-electron change reactions when oxygen is being reduced. The electrodes (which are also useful as anodes in acid electrolytes) are made by impregnating the support material with a reducible gold compound dissolved in a polar solvent, gently evaporating the solvent, and chemically reducing the gold compound in situ at a moderate temperature with a flowing reducing gas (e.g. H2), then applying the resulting supported gold to a porous backing material. Typical gold content levels at the electrode surface are 2. Cathodes of this invention are useful in various types of air or oxygen-depolarized cells, alkaline fuel cells, metal/air cells, metal/H2O2 cells, oxygen sensors, electrochemical caustic concentrators, etc.
대표청구항▼
A method for reducing oxygen essentially to hydroxide ion at a cathode of an electrochemical cell comprising an anode, an electrocatalytically active cathode, and an alkaline electrolyte, which method comprises: bringing an oxygen-containing gas into contact with the electrocatalytically active cath
A method for reducing oxygen essentially to hydroxide ion at a cathode of an electrochemical cell comprising an anode, an electrocatalytically active cathode, and an alkaline electrolyte, which method comprises: bringing an oxygen-containing gas into contact with the electrocatalytically active cathode, said electrocatalytically active cathode comprising an electrocatalyst material having an active layer comprising: a particulate support material having a surface area, by the B.E.T. method, of about 50 to about 2000 m2g, deposited on the particles of support material of said active layer, 0.1 to 50 weight-%, based on the weight of the active layer, of a particulate elemental metal comprising monocrystalline gold primary particles having an average particle size, measured by transmission electrode microscopy, which is greater than 0.5 but less than 4 nanometers, said electrocatalyst material further comprising a backing layer, upon which the supported said active layer is superposed, said cathode having 0.1 to 5 mg of elemental gold per cm2 of electrocatalytically active electrode surface, said monocrystalline gold primary particles being substantially selectively catalytic for the reduction of oxygen to hydroxide in said cell.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (15)
LaBarre Ronald L. (Huntington Beach CA), Air-depolarized chlor-alkali cell operation methods.
Kajiyama Hiroshi (Hitachi JPX) Minemura Tetsuro (Hitachi JPX) Ando Hisashi (Hitachi JPX) Konno Kiyoshi (Hitachi JPX), Fuel cell electrode, process for producing the same and fuel cell using the same.
Stonehart Paul (Madison CT granted to U.S. Department of Energy under the provisions of 42 U.S.C. 2182), Fuel cell with Pt/Pd electrocatalyst electrode.
Bindra Perminder S. (Ossining NY) David Allan P. (Binghamton NY) Light David N. (Putnam Valley NY), Use of underpotential deposited layers of metals on foreign metal substrates as catalysts for electrolytic cells.
Scotto, Mark Vincent; Birmingham, Daniel P.; DeBellis, Crispin L.; Perna, Mark Anthony; Rush, Gregory C., Apparatus for generating a gas which may be used for startup and shutdown of a fuel cell.
Scotto, Mark Vincent; Birmingham, Daniel P.; DeBellis, Crispin L.; Perna, Mark Anthony; Rush, Gregory C., Apparatus for generating a gas which may be used for startup and shutdown of a fuel cell.
Scotto, Mark Vincent; Birmingham, Daniel P.; DeBellis, Crispin L.; Perna, Mark Anthony; Rush, Gregory C., Method for generating a gas which may be used for startup and shutdown of a fuel cell.
Scotto, Mark Vincent; Birmingham, Daniel P.; DeBellis, Crispin L.; Perna, Mark Anthony; Rush, Gregory C., Method for generating a gas which may be used for startup and shutdown of a fuel cell.
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