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An orbital evaporator has a vertical heat transfer tube or tubes mounted in a container driven in an orbital motion. A stiff whip rod is freely movable within the tube. Its lower end rests on a horizontal plate. The orbital motion causes the rod to roll over the interior surface of the tube to distr

An orbital evaporator has a vertical heat transfer tube or tubes mounted in a container driven in an orbital motion. A stiff whip rod is freely movable within the tube. Its lower end rests on a horizontal plate. The orbital motion causes the rod to roll over the interior surface of the tube to distribute the liquid in a thin film and to control fouling. A set of fins is mounted on the exterior of the tube to collect and channel the condensate to improve heat transfer through the tube. The fins are preferably longitudinal and the whip rod is preferably hydrophobic. Operating the evaporator with boiling temperatures substantially below 100°C. in combination with the fins and a rolling whip rod allows operation as a desalinization unit for an indefinite period of time with a high total heat transfer coefficient. The evaporator preferably also includes a degasser to control the formation of a gas barrier at the exterior surface of the tube.

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In an orbital evaporator having a container with a vapor chamber and a condensation chamber formed therein, an inlet to the container for a feed liquid, an outlet for condensate from the container, at least one vertically oriented heat transfer tube mounted within the container so that the feed liqu

In an orbital evaporator having a container with a vapor chamber and a condensation chamber formed therein, an inlet to the container for a feed liquid, an outlet for condensate from the container, at least one vertically oriented heat transfer tube mounted within the container so that the feed liquid can evaporate at the interior surface of said heat transfer tube to form a vapor stream by taking heat from the vapor stream condensing at the exterior surface of the heat transfer tube to form a condensate, means for regulating the equilibrium pressure to maintain a vapor temperature T in the heat transfer tube, means to supply vapor at a temperature T +Dc across the tube due to the presence of the condensate on the exterior surface of the tube said baffle means comprising at least one fin mounted on the exterior surface of said heat transfer tube, said fin extending vertically and projecting radially from the surface of the tube to intercept the condensate moving with a horizontal component of motion along the exterior surface of the tube in response to orbital motion and to channel it downwardly towards the condensate outlet.