[특허]Indirectly heated thermochemical reactor apparatus and processes

Indirectly heated thermochemical reactor apparatus and processes 원문보기

IPC분류정보
국가/구분	United States(US) Patent 등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)	C01B-003/26
출원번호	US-0724156 (1991-07-01)
발명자 / 주소	Mansour Momtaz N. (Columbia MD) Durai-Swamy Kanda-Swamy (Torrence CA) Warren David W. (Sherman Oaks CA)
출원인 / 주소	Manufacturing and Technology Conversion International, Inc. (Columbia MD 02)
인용정보	피인용 횟수 : 62 인용 특허 : 0

초록 ▼

Resonant tubes of a pulse combustor are immersed in a bed of solid particles in a reaction zone to provide indirect heat from the pulsating combustion gases to the solid particles of the bed. The bed is maintained in an agitated state by a gas or vapor flowing through the bed. Reactant materials are introduced into the agitated bed and undergo reaction at enhanced rates resulting from heat transfer coefficients at least about twice as high as those of steady flow combustors and an intense acoustic pressure level propagated from the pulsating combustor into the reaction zone. The apparatus is useful, for example, to steam reform heavy hydrocarbons and to gasify carbonaceous material, including biomass and black liquor to produce combustible gas at relatively low temperatures, with steam being utilized as the bed fluidizing medium. Black liquor gasification, utilizing sodium carbonate as bed solids, results in liquor energy and chemical content recovery without smelt production.

대표청구항 ▼

A process for steam reforming heavy liquid hydrocarbons comprising the steps of: (a) providing a bed of solid steam-activating material in a first reaction vessel; (b) injecting steam into said bed to fluidize said bed; (c) heating said fluidized bed to a substantially uniform temperature to obtain a bed of fluidized hot solids; (d) depositing said heavy liquid hydrocarbons directly onto said fluidized hot solid bed so that said heavy liquid hydrocarbons react with said steam and said solid steam-activating material to form a partially reformed gas containing hydrogen, light hydrocarbons, and hydrogen sulfide; (e) withdrawing said partially reformed gas from said first reaction vessel; and (f) providing said partially reformed gas to a second reaction vessel containing a fixed bed of solid steam-reforming catalyst indirectly heated to a substantially uniform temperature by a fire tube comprising a resonance tube of a pulse combustor so that said partially reformed gas is steam reformed to produce a hydrogen-containing product gas. A process for steam reforming heavy liquid hydrocarbons comprising the steps of: (a) providing a bed of solid steam-activating material in a first reaction vessel; (b) injecting steam into said bed to fluidize said bed; (c) indirectly heating said fluidized bed by providing heat transfer from a resonance tube of a pulse combustor to obtain a bed of fluidized hot solids; (d) depositing said heavy liquid hydrocarbons directly onto said fluidized hot solid bed so that said heavy liquid hydrocarbons react with said steam and said solid-steam activating material to form a partially reformed gas containing hydrogen, light hydrocarbons, and hydrogen sulfide; (e) withdrawing said partially reformed gas from said first reaction vessel and providing said partially reformed gas to a second reaction vessel containing a fixed bed of solid steam-reforming catalyst; and (f) further steam-reforming said partially reformed gas within said second reaction vessel to produce a hydrogen-containing product gas.

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A62B-1/08	.. 윈치 또는 풀리에 제동기구가 있는 것

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Indirectly heated thermochemical reactor apparatus and processes 원문보기

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Indirectly heated thermochemical reactor apparatus and processes 원문보기

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