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| 국가/구분 | United States(US) Patent 등록 |
|---|---|
| 국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
| 출원번호 | US-0275878 (1994-07-06) |
| 발명자 / 주소 |
|
| 출원인 / 주소 |
|
| 인용정보 | 피인용 횟수 : 217 인용 특허 : 0 |
A method and apparatus for charging the battery of an electric vehicle are provided. When the electric vehicle is connected to a charging station, it is interrogated to determine the nature of the charge controller that is on board the vehicle; and logic decisions invoking the particular mode for ch
A method and apparatus for charging the battery of an electric vehicle are provided. When the electric vehicle is connected to a charging station, it is interrogated to determine the nature of the charge controller that is on board the vehicle; and logic decisions invoking the particular mode for charging the vehicle are made depending on the nature and type of charge controller that is on board the vehicle. Thus, delivery of charging energy to the battery in the vehicle may be entirely under the control of a charge controller on board the vehicle; or if the control module in the vehicle is less sophisticated then delivery of charging energy will be under the control of a charging module within the charging station. Parameters of initial charging current and voltage are therefore set either by the on board battery charging controller, or the charge controller in the charging station; alternatively, those parameters may be set manually or by insertion of a card into a data interface to establish initial charging conditions. Under controlled conditions, a plurality of vehicles may be charged at a single establishment having a plurality of charging stations, either sequentially or simultaneously, depending on the criteria to be established. The charging station may be privately owned, so as to charge a fleet of vehicles; or there may be a plurality of charging stations at a publicly accessible service station.
A method of charging a battery for an electric vehicle, where the battery is capable of accepting initial charging current at a rate greater than 1C, and where a charging station from which the charging current is delivered to the battery is capable of delivering that charging current at a preset vo
A method of charging a battery for an electric vehicle, where the battery is capable of accepting initial charging current at a rate greater than 1C, and where a charging station from which the charging current is delivered to the battery is capable of delivering that charging current at a preset voltage which is suitable for the battery being charged; wherein said method comprises the steps of: (a) establishing a connection of lines between the battery to be charged and the charging station, including at least two wires capable of carrying the maximum value of charging current to be delivered, and further communication means capable of transferring data concerning the state of charge of the battery being charged between the battery and the charging station; (b) interrogating the vehicle over said communication means to determine if there is present and associated with said battery in said vehicle a battery specific charging control module, or if there exists in said vehicle a personality module which identifies at least the criteria of maximum charging current and nominal charging voltage under which conditions the battery may by charged in the shortest possible time period; or in the absence of a battery specific charging module associated with said battery or a personality module which identifies at least the criteria of maximum charging current and nominal charging voltage under which conditions the battery may by charged in the shortest possible time period, to determine if there exists in said vehicle at least monitoring means to determine the value of terminal voltage of the battery being charged; (c) in the event that a battery specific charging control module is present in said vehicle, charging said battery by delivering charging current thereto under the control of said battery specific charging control module, stopping the delivery of charging current to said battery in keeping with a signal to do so issued by said battery specific charging control module, and subsequently disconnecting the battery from said charging station; or (d) in the event that a personality module which at least identifies the maximum charging current and nominal charging voltage is present in said vehicle, charging said battery by delivering charging current thereto initially at said maximum charging current and nominal charging voltage, periodically halting the delivery of charging current and determining the instantaneous resistance free terminal voltage of said battery during each interval of time when delivery of charging current has been halted and comparing said instantaneous resistance free terminal voltage to a reference voltage stored in a charge control module which is present in said charging station, reducing the charging current under control of said charge control module present in said charging station, stopping the delivery of charging current to said battery in keeping with a signal issued by said charge control module present in said charging station, and subsequently disconnecting the battery from said charging station; or (e) in the event that there at least exists in said vehicle a monitoring means to determine the value of the terminal voltage of the battery being charged, presetting the charge station to predetermined allowable values of nominal charging voltage and maximum charging current and presetting a maximum value of charging energy to be permitted to be delivered to said battery, periodically halting the delivery of charging current and determining the instantaneous resistance free terminal voltage of said battery during each interval of time when delivery of the charging current has been halted and comparing said instantaneous resistance free terminal voltage to a reference voltage stored in a charge control module which is present in said charging station, reducing the charging current under control of said charge control module present in said charging station, stopping the delivery of charging current to said battery in keeping with a signal issued by said charge control module present in said charging station or when said preset maximum value of charging energy has been delivered to said battery, and subsequently disconnecting the battery from said charging station; wherein, in each of steps (c), (d), and (e), the signal to stop delivery of charging current, and data which is indicative of the instantaneous terminal voltage of said battery, are transferred between said battery and said charging station over said communication means. A charging station for charging a battery for an electric vehicle, where the battery is capable of accepting initial charging current at a rate greater than 1C, and where said charging station is capable of delivering that charging current at a preset voltage which is suitable for the battery being charged, comprising: at least two wires capable of carrying the maximum value of charging current to be delivered to said battery, and communication means capable of transferring data concerning the state of charge of said battery being charged between the battery and the charging station; means for interrogating the vehicle over said communication means to determine if there is present and associated with said battery in said vehicle a battery specific charging control module, or to determine if there exists in said vehicle a personality module which identifies at least the criteria of maximum charging current and nominal charging voltage under which conditions the battery may be charged in the shortest possible time period; or in the absence of a battery specific charging module associated with said battery or a personality module which identifies at least the criteria of maximum charging current and nominal charging voltage under which conditions the battery may by charged in the shortest possible time period, to determine if there exists in said vehicle at least monitoring means to determine the value of terminal voltage of the battery being charged; means for charging said battery by delivering charging current thereto under the control of a battery specific charging control module in said vehicle in the event that a battery specific charging control module is present in said vehicle, and means for stopping the delivery of charging current to said battery in keeping with a signal to do so issued by said battery specific charging control module; means for charging said battery by delivering charging current thereto, initially at a maximum charging current and a nominal charging voltage in the event that a personality module which at least identifies the maximum charging current and nominal charging voltage is present, means for periodically halting the delivery of charging current and determining the instantaneous resistance free terminal voltage of said battery during each interval of time when delivery of charging current has been halted, means for comparing said instantaneous resistance free terminal voltage to a reference voltage stored in a charge control module which is present in said charging station, means for reducing the charging current under control of said charge control module present in said charging station, and means for stopping the delivery of charging current to said battery in keeping with a signal issued by said charge control module present in said charging station; and means for presetting the charge station to predetermined allowable values of nominal charging voltage and maximum charging current in the event that there at least exists in said vehicle monitoring means to determine the value of the terminal voltage of the battery being charged, means for presetting a maximum value of charging energy to be permitted to be delivered to said battery, means for periodically halting the delivery of charging current, means for determining the instantaneous resistance free terminal voltage of said battery during each interval of time when delivery of the charging current has been halted, means for comparing said instantaneous resistance free terminal voltage to a reference voltage stored in a charge control module which is present in said charging station, means for reducing the charging current under control of said charge control module present in said charging station, and means for stopping the delivery of charging current to said battery in keeping with a signal issued by said charge control module present in said charging station or when said preset maximum value of charging energy has been delivered to said battery; wherein the signal to stop delivery of charging current, and data which is indicative of the instantaneous terminal voltage of said battery, are transferred between said battery and said charging station over said communication means.
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