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Kafe 바로가기국가/구분 | United States(US) Patent 등록 |
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 | US-0160033 (1993-11-30) |
발명자 / 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 | 피인용 횟수 : 380 인용 특허 : 11 |
The concentration of a substance, such as glucose, in a biological sample, such as human tissue (e.g. the skin of an index finger) is non-invasively determined by directing the output beam of a laser diode onto and into the skin so as to cause Raman scattering. The output of a charge coupled device,
The concentration of a substance, such as glucose, in a biological sample, such as human tissue (e.g. the skin of an index finger) is non-invasively determined by directing the output beam of a laser diode onto and into the skin so as to cause Raman scattering. The output of a charge coupled device, upon which the scattered light is spatially dispersed according to frequency is digitized and applied to a processor. The processor compares the Raman scattering intensity characteristics of the sample with a comparative model, in particular, an artificial neural network discriminator (ANND). The ANND is trained with a plurality of Raman spectral characteristics from biological fluids or tissue, possessing known Raman scattered light intensities versus wavelength characteristics at known concentrations. A preferred implementation of the ANND employs fuzzy adaptive resonance theory-mapping (ARTMAP), which has robust noise rejection capabilities and can readily handle nonlinear phenomena.
A method of non-invasively deriving a measure of the concentration of glucose in a human body fluid comprising the steps of: (a) irradiating a human body tissue containing said human body fluid with monochromatic light in the near infrared spectral region emitted by a monochromatic light source, the
A method of non-invasively deriving a measure of the concentration of glucose in a human body fluid comprising the steps of: (a) irradiating a human body tissue containing said human body fluid with monochromatic light in the near infrared spectral region emitted by a monochromatic light source, thereby causing said glucose within the irradiated human body tissue to produce Raman scattering of said monochromatic light into multiple, spatially separated, frequency shifted wavelength components associated with molecular characteristics of said glucose; (b) tracking variations in light emitted by said monochromatic light source; (c) directing said multiple, spatially separated, frequency shifted wavelength components resulting from said Raman scattering through a holographic notch filter, which removes the Rayleigh component of scattered light, onto a photosensitive detector, which produces electrical output signals representative of said multiple, spatially separated, frequency shifted wavelength components associated with molecular characteristics of said glucose; (d) generating ratio signals representative of the ratios of said electrical output signals representative of said multiple, spatially separated, frequency shifted wavelength components resulting from said Raman scattering produced in step (c) to variations in monochromatic light emitted by said monochromatic light source tracked in step (b), so as to eliminate effects of variations of said monochromatic light source; and (e) processing said ratio signals by means of a fuzzy adaptive resonance theory artificial neural network discriminator that has been trained with a plurality of training exemplars, corresponding to scattered light components representative of different concentrations of glucose, and which is robust to a human body fluid sample not previously encountered, and quantitatively deriving therefrom concentrations of said glucose in human body fluid based upon the spectral intensities of detected wavelengths of said spatially separated, frequency shifted wavelength components.
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