초록 ▼

A multilayer matrix burner which has exceptionally low NO.sub.x emissions can be operated over a broad turndown range. The burner is, in effect, a three-dimensional matrix of spaced apart emissive layers. There is a first three-dimensional porous layer which acts to distribute a fuel/air mixture. Th

A multilayer matrix burner which has exceptionally low NO.sub.x emissions can be operated over a broad turndown range. The burner is, in effect, a three-dimensional matrix of spaced apart emissive layers. There is a first three-dimensional porous layer which acts to distribute a fuel/air mixture. There is a wider gap (which may be adjustable) between the distributive layer and one or more two-dimensional porous emissive layers. An exemplary emissive layer is a refractory wire screen. Preferably, there are multiple such emissive layers with a narrower gap between successive layers. Preferably, the porosity increases in each successive layer downstream from the preceding layer. This arrangement provides a stable flame wherein most of the combustion occurs adjacent to successive incandescent emissive layers. Preferably the successive layers in the downstream direction have a large open area for transmitting radiant energy from preceding emissive layers. Such high intensity burners, e.g. 1,500,000 BTU/h.multidot.ft.sup.2, may be used in water heaters or boilers or in a thermophotovoltaic apparatus which produces both electric energy and heated water. For a thermophotovoltaic application, the matrix burner preferably has a smaller open area than upstream layers for providing a location of highest temperature on the outermost layer.

대표청구항 ▼

[ What is claimed is:] [1.] A matrix burner comprising:a three dimensional porous gas distributing layer for distributing a fuel/air mixture;a three dimensional matrix of emissive layers comprising at least three two dimensional porous layers downstream from the distributing layer;open spaces betwee

[ What is claimed is:] [1.] A matrix burner comprising:a three dimensional porous gas distributing layer for distributing a fuel/air mixture;a three dimensional matrix of emissive layers comprising at least three two dimensional porous layers downstream from the distributing layer;open spaces between each of the successive layers; andmeans for delivering a fuel/air mixture to the upstream face of the porous distributing layer at a sufficient velocity for maintaining a stable flame adjacent to the two dimensional porous layers.