초록 ▼

An apparatus (5) and methods for extracting a gas, especially hydrogen, from a fluid stream includes a pressure vessel (12) having an inlet (22) and at least one outlet (26) for allowing fluid flow therethrough. A plurality of extraction membranes (14) are axially disposed in pressure vessel (12). E

An apparatus (5) and methods for extracting a gas, especially hydrogen, from a fluid stream includes a pressure vessel (12) having an inlet (22) and at least one outlet (26) for allowing fluid flow therethrough. A plurality of extraction membranes (14) are axially disposed in pressure vessel (12). Extraction membranes (14) are selected from cylindrical or approximately cylindrical tubular metal substrate membranes and ceramic or polymeric substrate membranes. Enhanced mass transfer during the extracting is achieved by reducing the diameter and separation barrier thickness of extraction membranes (14) by adding bumps (18), curves, or packing (19). Extraction membranes (14) have inner and/or outer layers of palladium, platinum, rhodium or palladium alloys having greater hydrogen separation surface properties than a core membrane.

대표청구항 ▼

[ What is claimed is:] [1.] A method for improving the mass transfer during hydrogen extraction from a fluid stream, wherein said fluid steam passes adjacent to a plurality of essentially straight, axially aligned tubular hydrogen extraction membranes wherein the improvement lies in:constructing sai

[ What is claimed is:] [1.] A method for improving the mass transfer during hydrogen extraction from a fluid stream, wherein said fluid steam passes adjacent to a plurality of essentially straight, axially aligned tubular hydrogen extraction membranes wherein the improvement lies in:constructing said hydrogen extraction membrane from a material selected from the group consisting of: metallic, polymeric or ceramic substrate material, wherein said metallic substrate material has a wall thickness of between 0.0001 inches and 0.003 inches and said metallic substrate material has between one and two coatings inclusive thereon, at least one of the coatings comprising a palladium alloy, and said metallic substrate material has an outer diameter such that the ratio of the wall thickness to the outer diameter is between 1:55 and 1:35, and wherein said ceramic and polymeric substrate materials have a wall thickness of between 1.times.10.sup.-6 and 0.002 inches and said ceramic and polymeric substrate materials have an outer diameter such that the ratio of wall thickness to the outer diameter is between 1:6000 and 1:30.