초록 ▼

A process for preparing a hydrocarbon in water emulsion includes the steps of providing a hydrocarbon phase containing inactive natural surfactant; mixing a solid carbon additive with the hydrocarbon phase, the solid additive being selected from the group consisting of coal, coke and mixtures thereo

A process for preparing a hydrocarbon in water emulsion includes the steps of providing a hydrocarbon phase containing inactive natural surfactant; mixing a solid carbon additive with the hydrocarbon phase, the solid additive being selected from the group consisting of coal, coke and mixtures thereof so as to provide a hydrocarbon suspension including the solid carbon additive; and forming an emulsion from the hydrocarbon suspension and an aqueous phase in the presence of a surfactant activating additive so as to activate the inactive natural surfactant and form a hydrocarbon in water emulsion having the solid carbon additive suspended in the hydrocarbon phase. A hydrocarbon in water emulsion is also provided including a hydrocarbon phase, a water phase, a surfactant, and a solid carbon additive suspended in the hydrocarbon phase, the solid carbon additive being selected from the group consisting of coal, coke and mixtures thereof.

대표청구항 ▼

[ What is claimed is:] [1.] A process for preparing a hydrocarbon in water emulsion, comprising the steps of:providing a hydrocarbon phase containing an inactive natural surfactant;wherein said hydrocarbon is a viscous hydrocarbon having an API gravity of less than or equal to about 16, and a viscos

[ What is claimed is:] [1.] A process for preparing a hydrocarbon in water emulsion, comprising the steps of:providing a hydrocarbon phase containing an inactive natural surfactant;wherein said hydrocarbon is a viscous hydrocarbon having an API gravity of less than or equal to about 16, and a viscosity at 122.degree. F. of greater than or equal to about 100 cp;wherein said inactive natural surfactant is selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, phenols, esters and mixtures thereof;mixing a solid carbon additive with said hydrocarbon phase in a ratio by weight of hydrocarbon to additive of between about 1:1 to 25:1, said solid additive being selected from the group consisting of coal, coke and mixtures thereof so as to provide a hydrocarbon suspension including said solid carbon additive; andforming an emulsion from said hydrocarbon suspension and an aqueous phase including a surfactant activating additive, comprising an amine additive, so as to activate said inactive natural surfactant and form a hydrocarbon in water emulsion having said solid carbon additive suspended in said hydrocarbon phase and an emulsifier consisting essentially of the active natural surfactant.