초록 ▼

A magnetically operated blood pump includes a rotor with an impeller that rotates within a housing, and the housing fastens to a driver that preferably electromagnetically controls the speed and disposition of the impeller in response to sensed conditions. The impeller and housing constitute a dispo

A magnetically operated blood pump includes a rotor with an impeller that rotates within a housing, and the housing fastens to a driver that preferably electromagnetically controls the speed and disposition of the impeller in response to sensed conditions. The impeller and housing constitute a disposable assembly in which permanent magnets embedded in the impeller stabilize its position to maintain pumping tolerances in at least one dimension, and also couple to external fields to rotate the impeller. In one embodiment concentric arrangements of cylinder magnets passively maintain radial centering, while coils in the driver are actuated to simultaneously produce a rotational torque and to correct axial or tilt displacements. In a preferred embodiment of this type, sensors around the periphery detect axial displacement and/or tilt as the impeller turns, while the drive circuit responds to the sensor signal to produce compensating phase changes in the coil drive signals. The drive coils are disposed in a common plane and are symmetrically spaced about the central axis, and the phase changes in their drive signals result in a compensating axial force, which may be different in each of the coils to correct tilt. In another or further embodiment, the rotor is freely suspended such that blood washes over one or more surfaces of the rotor, and fluid pressure produces a net restoring force on the rotor to counteract changes in tilt or axial position within the housing. In this case, the driver need only drive rotation of the pump. The drive unit works with a variety of multipole impeller pumps, including ones with magnetic segmented rotors and conventional mechanical support bearings such as ones with a jewel or shaft bearing element. In other embodiments, plural sets of magnets provide passive constraint of radial disturbances and two tilt movements, while axial disturbances are corrected either passively by hydrodynamic surfaces or actively with the driver. The driver unit may include a hand crank assembly, enabling continued operation during power outages.

대표청구항 ▼

[ What is claimed is:] [1.] A blood pump comprisinga pump with a rotor, the rotor including a fluid-engaging surface for pumping blood as the rotor rotates,a housing for enclosing the rotor, said housing having an inlet and an outlet, for entry of blood to a compartment in said housing occupied by s

[ What is claimed is:] [1.] A blood pump comprisinga pump with a rotor, the rotor including a fluid-engaging surface for pumping blood as the rotor rotates,a housing for enclosing the rotor, said housing having an inlet and an outlet, for entry of blood to a compartment in said housing occupied by said rotor, and for ejection of blood by said rotor, respectively,a suspension system suspending the rotor in non-contact gap-defining relation with said housing without direct mechanical support between the said rotor and said housing, the suspension system including a permanent magnet spindle mounted on the rotor coaxial with a corresponding cylindrical permanent magnet carried by the housing such that the rotor rotates about a rotation axis without contact between the spindle and the cylindrical magnet, the rotor further including a plurality of permanent magnets having poles disposed circumferentially about said rotor,said permanent magnet spindle and said corresponding cylindrical magnet carried by the housing passively maintaining radial centering between the rotor and housing under varying applied loads,said rotor being shaped with a counter-flow path defined between inlet and outlet regions of said housing to define a pressure distribution on opposed surfaces of the rotor that changes as the rotor is displaced and provides a hydrostatic stabilizing force on surfaces of the rotor, anda driver having a plurality of drive coils aligned for imparting rotational torque to said plurality of permanent magnets to rotate said rotor at a desired speed.