초록

Methods and compositions are provided to facilitate the transportation and combustion of highly viscous hydrocarbons by forming reduced viscosity hydrocarbon-in-water emulsions, and in particular, bioemulsifier-stabilized hydrocarbon-in-water emulsions.

대표청구항 ▼

[ We claim:] [1.] A pre-atomized fuel comprising a bioemulsifier-stabilized hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion formed by emulsifying a hydrocarbon with API gravity of about 20.degree.API or less, viscosity of about 100 centipoise or greater at 150.degree. F., paraffin content of about 50% by weight or le

[ We claim:] [1.] A pre-atomized fuel comprising a bioemulsifier-stabilized hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion formed by emulsifying a hydrocarbon with API gravity of about 20.degree.API or less, viscosity of about 100 centipoise or greater at 150.degree. F., paraffin content of about 50% by weight or less, and aromatic content of about 15% by weight or greater into an aqueous phase using a surfactant package, comprising about 15% by weight .alpha.-emulsan, about 42.5% by weight ethoxylated monononylphenol with about 40 ethoxy groups, and about 42.5% by weight of an ammonium salt of poly(3)ethoxy C.sub.12 -C.sub.14 linear primary alcohol sulfate, in a proportion from about 1:100 to about 1:20,000 by weight based on hydrocarbon, said hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion having a hydrocarbon:water ratio from about 60:40 to about 90:10 by volume. [40.] A pre-atomized fuel comprising a hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion comprising:(a) hydrocarbon characterized by a viscosity of about 82,000 centipoise or greater at 80.degree. F.;(b) water; and(c) a surfactant package comprising at least one water-soluble surfactant, said hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion having a hydrocarbon:water ratio of from about 60:40 to about 90:10 by volume. .Iaddend..Iadd.