초록 ▼

An aqueous macroemulsion to be used in place of petroleum residuum-based fuel oils such as No. 4, No. 5, and No. 6 fuel oils, as well as the vacuum residuum from the fraction distillation of petroleum, is formed by emulsifying the fuel oil with water or an aqueous liquid, the fuel oil forming the di

An aqueous macroemulsion to be used in place of petroleum residuum-based fuel oils such as No. 4, No. 5, and No. 6 fuel oils, as well as the vacuum residuum from the fraction distillation of petroleum, is formed by emulsifying the fuel oil with water or an aqueous liquid, the fuel oil forming the dispersed phase and the aqueous liquid forming the continuous phase. An emulsion stabilizer, and optionally various other additives, notably a lower allyl alcohol, are included to stabilize the properties of the emulsion. The emulsion is prepared by heating the fuel oil, particularly No. 6 fuel oil, and the water to a temperature above about 60.degree. C., and combining the two heated liquids in an appropriate ratio and shearing the mixture to form the macroemulsion. The macroemulsion offers numerous advantages over the fuel oil itself including the fact that it can be pumped at ambient temperature rather than requiring heating, and that it is a clean-burning fuel with significantly lower emission of NO.sub.x and other pollutants and contaminants.

대표청구항 ▼

[ I claim:] [1.] A macroemulsion useful as a low-viscosity, clean-burning liquid fuel, said macroemulsion comprising:(i) a dispersed phase of a petroleum-derived fuel oil selected from the group consisting of a residuum from fractional distillation of crude petroleum, a visbroken residuum, liquefied

[ I claim:] [1.] A macroemulsion useful as a low-viscosity, clean-burning liquid fuel, said macroemulsion comprising:(i) a dispersed phase of a petroleum-derived fuel oil selected from the group consisting of a residuum from fractional distillation of crude petroleum, a visbroken residuum, liquefied coke, and residua blended with a distillate fraction,(ii) a continuous phase of an aqueous liquid,(iii) a nonylphenol polyethoxylate emulsion stabilizing additive in an amount effective in stabilizing said emulsion,(iv) a dicarboxylic acid lubricity enhancer in an amount effective in enhancing lubricity, and(v) a dihydroxyethyl tallow glycinate heat stabilizer in an amount effective in heat stabilizing said macroemulsion, d dispersed phase constituting from about 50% to about 85% by volume of said macroemulsion.