초록 ▼

The bipolar electrochemical battery of the invention comprises: a stack of at least two electrochemical cells electrically arranged in series with the positive face of each cell contacting the negative face of an adjacent cell, wherein each of the cells comprises (a) a negative electrode; (b)

The bipolar electrochemical battery of the invention comprises: a stack of at least two electrochemical cells electrically arranged in series with the positive face of each cell contacting the negative face of an adjacent cell, wherein each of the cells comprises (a) a negative electrode; (b) a positive electrode; (c) a separator between the electrodes, wherein the separator includes an electrolyte; (d) a first electrically conductive lamination comprising a first inner metal layer and a first polymeric outer layer, said first polymeric outer layer having at least one perforation therein to expose the first inner metal layer, said first electrically conductive lamination being in electrical contact with the outer face of the negative electrode; and (e) a second electrically conductive lamination comprising a second inner metal layer and a second polymeric outer layer, said second polymeric outer layer having at least one perforation therein to expose the second inner metal layer, said second electrically conductive lamination being in electrical contact with the outer face of the positive electrode; wherein the first and second laminations are sealed peripherally to each other to form an enclosure including the electrodes, the separator and the electrolyte.

대표청구항 ▼

The bipolar electrochemical battery of the invention comprises: a stack of at least two electrochemical cells electrically arranged in series with the positive face of each cell contacting the negative face of an adjacent cell, wherein each of the cells comprises (a) a negative electrode; (b)

The bipolar electrochemical battery of the invention comprises: a stack of at least two electrochemical cells electrically arranged in series with the positive face of each cell contacting the negative face of an adjacent cell, wherein each of the cells comprises (a) a negative electrode; (b) a positive electrode; (c) a separator between the electrodes, wherein the separator includes an electrolyte; (d) a first electrically conductive lamination comprising a first inner metal layer and a first polymeric outer layer, said first polymeric outer layer having at least one perforation therein to expose the first inner metal layer, said first electrically conductive lamination being in electrical contact with the outer face of the negative electrode; and (e) a second electrically conductive lamination comprising a second inner metal layer and a second polymeric outer layer, said second polymeric outer layer having at least one perforation therein to expose the second inner metal layer, said second electrically conductive lamination being in electrical contact with the outer face of the positive electrode; wherein the first and second laminations are sealed peripherally to each other to form an enclosure including the electrodes, the separator and the electrolyte. ., Market Opportunity Notice (MON) For Market-Derived Residential Fuel Cell Systems, Apr. 1997. PC Catalog Ad, 1 page. V. Biancomano, "N--1 UPS Offers Redundancy," EE Times, 1998. J. Berger, "Charging Ahead," 1998. F. Barbir, "Technical Challenges In PEM Fuel Cell Development," Energy Partners, Inc., pp. 1-6. D. Swan and M. Miller, "California's Statewide Fuel Cell Research, Design and Development Collaboration Plan," Table 3, 1996. "Fuel Cell Directory," Spring 1999. Sure Power Corp. Website, Sure Power High Availabilty Power Systems: What We Do, 3 pages. PK Electronics Web Site, 10 pages. Jun. 24, 1999. "PK Electronics Introduces The US9001 Modular Parallel Redundant UPS," 3 pages, Dec. 5, 1998. Power Corp., Sure Power -When Failure Is Not An Option, 1 page. Pure Power, Electrical Systems For The 21stCentury, "Banking On Fuel Cells To Critical Loads," Fall 1998, pp. 18-21. a battery of claim 1. 21. The battery of claim 1 wherein the silver vanadium oxide particles comprise Ag2V4O11. 22. The battery of claim 1 wherein the silver vanadium oxide particles comprise less than about 0.5 percent by weight silver metavanadate. 23. A battery comprising silver vanadium oxide particles, the battery having a maximum pulse specific power of greater than about 1.5 W/g to 1.5 V. 24. The battery of claim 23 having a maximum pulse specific power of greater than about 2.1 W/g to 1.5 V. 25. The battery of claim 23 wherein the silver vanadium oxide particles have an average diameter less than about 1000 nm. 26. The battery of claim 23 wherein the silver vanadium oxide particles comprise Ag2V4O11. 27. The battery of claim 23 wherein the silver vanadium oxide particles comprise less than about 0.5 percent by weight silver metavanadate. 28. The battery of claim 23 comprising an electrolyte comprising lithium ions. 29. The battery of claim 23 having a pulse specific energy of at least about 625 mWh/g when pulsed in groups of four-10 second pulses at a current density of 25 mA/cm2spaced by 15 seconds between each pulse and with 30 minutes between pulse groups down to a pulse discharge voltage of 1.5 V. 30. The battery of claim 23 having a pulse specific capacity of at least about 275 mAh/g to 1.5 volts. 31. The battery of claim 23 wherein the anode comprises lithium metal foil. 32. The battery of claim 23 wherein the anode comprises lithium metal particles. 33. The battery of claim 23 wherein the battery can produce pulse trains with current densities of at least about 50 mA/cm2. 34. An implantable medical device comprising the battery of claim 23. 35. A battery comprising an electrolyte having lithium ions and a cathode comprising silver vanadium oxide particles, the battery being able to produce pulse trains with current densities of at least about 50 mA/cm2. 36. The battery of claim 35 wherein the battery can produce pulse trains with current densities of at least about 70 mA/cm2. 37. The battery of claim 35 wherein the battery can produce pulse trains with current densities of at least about 90 mA/cm2. 38. The battery of claim 35 wherein the silver vanadium oxide particles comprise Ag2V4O11. 39. The battery of claim 35 wherein the silver vanadium oxide particles comprise less than about 0.5 percent by weight silver metavanadate. 40. The battery of claim 35 having a pulse specific energy of at least about 625 mWh/g when pulsed in groups of four-10 second pulses at a current density of 25 mA/cm2spaced by 15 seconds between each pulse and with 30 minutes between pulse groups down to a pulse discharge voltage of 1.5 V. 41. The battery of claim 35 having a pulse specific capacity of at least about 275 mAh/g to 1.5 volts. 42. The battery of claim 35 wherein the anode comprises lithium metal foil. 43. The battery of claim 35 wherein the anode comprises lithium metal particles. 44. The battery of claim 35 having a maximum pulse specific power of greater than about 1.5 W/g to 1.5 V. 45. The battery of claim 35 wherein the silver vanadium oxide particles have an average diameter less than about 1000 nm. 46. An implantable medical device comprising the battery of claim 35.