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An apparatus and system for using magnetic fields to heat magnetically susceptible materials within and/or adjacent to adhesives, resins, or composites so as to reversibly or irreversibly bond, bind, or fasten opaque or non-opaque solid materials to one another. The system makes use of the effect th

An apparatus and system for using magnetic fields to heat magnetically susceptible materials within and/or adjacent to adhesives, resins, or composites so as to reversibly or irreversibly bond, bind, or fasten opaque or non-opaque solid materials to one another. The system makes use of the effect that alternating magnetic fields induce eddy currents and generate heat within susceptors, and the effect that alternating magnetic fields additionally induce magnetic hysteresis that occurs in magnetic materials and thereby generate heat. An induction heating tool is used to emit the magnetic field at its work coil, and an electronic controller measures the energy being used by a power converter that generates the alternating current driving the work coil which creates the magnetic field. The distance between the susceptor and work coil is repeatedly analyzed based upon the power converter's input energy, and the work coil is driven at a repeatedly corrected power level during the heating cycle. Once a sufficient accumulated energy has been delivered to the susceptor, the magnetic field is turned off automatically by the tool, thus preventing overheating of the susceptor.

대표청구항 ▼

An apparatus and system for using magnetic fields to heat magnetically susceptible materials within and/or adjacent to adhesives, resins, or composites so as to reversibly or irreversibly bond, bind, or fasten opaque or non-opaque solid materials to one another. The system makes use of the effect th

An apparatus and system for using magnetic fields to heat magnetically susceptible materials within and/or adjacent to adhesives, resins, or composites so as to reversibly or irreversibly bond, bind, or fasten opaque or non-opaque solid materials to one another. The system makes use of the effect that alternating magnetic fields induce eddy currents and generate heat within susceptors, and the effect that alternating magnetic fields additionally induce magnetic hysteresis that occurs in magnetic materials and thereby generate heat. An induction heating tool is used to emit the magnetic field at its work coil, and an electronic controller measures the energy being used by a power converter that generates the alternating current driving the work coil which creates the magnetic field. The distance between the susceptor and work coil is repeatedly analyzed based upon the power converter's input energy, and the work coil is driven at a repeatedly corrected power level during the heating cycle. Once a sufficient accumulated energy has been delivered to the susceptor, the magnetic field is turned off automatically by the tool, thus preventing overheating of the susceptor. d of formula II in which R1,R2are, each independently, H, A', aryl, NH2,NHA", N(A")2,COOA", CN or Hal, A', A", A'" are, each independently, alkyl having 1-6 carbon atoms, and Hal is F, Cl, Br or I, with a compound of formula III R--(CH2)n--CO--L III in which R is Hal or methyl, L is Cl, Br, I, OH, a free OH group or an OH group which has been functionally modified to be reactive, Hal is F, Cl, Br or I, and n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, in a Friedel-Crafts acylation catalyzed by a Lewis acid metal halide of formula R'--Al(Cl)2, in which R' is A or aryl', A is alkyl having 1-6 carbon atoms, aryl' is unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl mono- or disubstituted by A', OA' or Hal, Hal is F or Cl, or b) if X is H,H, reducing a compound of formula I in which X is O, by a complex hydride, wherein said reduction is catalyzed by a Lewis acid metal halide of formula R'--Al(Cl)2, in which R' is A or aryl', A is alkyl having 1-6 carbon atoms, aryl' is unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl mono- or disubstituted by A', OA' or Hal, Hal is F or Cl, or converting a base of formula I into an acid addition salt by reacting said base with an acid. 2. A process for the preparation of a compound of formula in which R is Hal, R1is H, R2is CN, X is O or H,H, Hal is F, Cl, Br or I, and n is 2, 3 or 4, or an acid addition salt thereof, comprising a) if X is O, reacting a compound of formula II in which R1is H, and R2is CN, with a compound of formula III R--(CH2)n--CO--L III in which R is Hal, L is Cl, Br, I, OH, a free OH group or an OH group which has been functionally modified to be reactive, Hal is F, Cl, Br or I, and n is 2, 3 or 4, in a Friedel-Crafts acylation catalyzed by a Lewis acid metal halide of formula R'--Al(Cl)2, in which R' is A, A is alkyl having 1-6 carbon atoms, or b) if X is H,H, reducing a compound of formula I in which X is O, by a complex hydride, wherein said reduction is catalyzed by a Lewis acid metal halide of formula R'--Al(Cl)2, in which R' is A, A is alkyl having 1-6 carbon atoms, or converting a base of formula I into an acid addition salt by reacting said base with an acid. 3. A process according to claim 1, wherein in process b), the compound of formula I in which X is O is prepared according to process a). 4. A process according to claim 2, wherein in process b), the compound of formula I in which X is O is prepared according to process a). 5. A process according to claim 1, wherein the complex hydride is of formula MBH4 in which M is Na, Li or 0.5 Ca. 6. A process according to claim 2, wherein the complex hydride is of formula MBH4 in which M is Na, Li or 0.5 Ca. 7. A process according to claim 1, wherein the Lewis acid metal halide is isobutylaluminium dichloride. 8. A process according to claim 2, wherein the Lewis acid metal halide is isobutylaluminium dichloride. 52-559. Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 2000, No. 21, Aug. 3, 2001 & JP 2001 106729 A (Tosoh Corp), Apr. 17, 2001, abstract. Database Compendex Online! Engineering Information, Inc., New York, NY, US; Oishi Tsutomu et al: "Synthesis and Polymerization of Optically Active N-alpha-Methylbenzylmaleimide"; XP002184208, abstract, J Polym Sci Polym Chem Ed Nov. 1984, vol. 22, No. 11 part 1, pp. 2789-2800. Oishi T et al: "Asymmetric Anionic Polymerization of Maleimides Bearing Bulky Substituents;" Journal of Polymer Science, Polymer Chemistry Edition, John Wiley and Sons; New York, US, vol. 38, No. 2, Jan. 15, 2000, pp. 310-320, XP000878169, ISSN: 0887-624X. al., 548/263.8; US-5274105, 19931200, Rothgery et al., 548/263.8; US-5472647, 19951200, Blau et al., 264/003.1; US-5684269, 19971100, Barnes et al.; US-5847315, 19981200, Katzakian, Jr. et al., 149/019.9