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An air-conditioning system for airplanes is proposed in which a portion of the fresh airflow to be prepared is tapped at high pressure from a power unit and another portion is sucked in from the surroundings. The energy potential of the tapped airflow is utilized to compress the ambient air. The com

An air-conditioning system for airplanes is proposed in which a portion of the fresh airflow to be prepared is tapped at high pressure from a power unit and another portion is sucked in from the surroundings. The energy potential of the tapped airflow is utilized to compress the ambient air. The compressed ambient air and the tapped air are mixed into a mixed airflow before the mixed airflow's pressure is expanded in one or more turbine stages (T1, T2). Water is separated from the mixed airflow between the mixing point (X) and the first turbine stage 1 (T1). In order to cool down the tapped airflow to a temperature at which water can be separated at all, the tapped airflow is guided past the entire cooler mixed airflow, preferably in two steps (REH, CON), namely once before the pressure expansion and another time after the pressure expansion of the mixed airflow in the first turbine stage (T1) . In a preferred form of execution, the ambient air is compressed in two steps, in connection with which in each case a compressor wheel (C1, C2) and a turbine wheel (T2, T1) (two-step pressure expansion) are mounted together on a shaft.

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An air-conditioning system for airplanes is proposed in which a portion of the fresh airflow to be prepared is tapped at high pressure from a power unit and another portion is sucked in from the surroundings. The energy potential of the tapped airflow is utilized to compress the ambient air. The com

An air-conditioning system for airplanes is proposed in which a portion of the fresh airflow to be prepared is tapped at high pressure from a power unit and another portion is sucked in from the surroundings. The energy potential of the tapped airflow is utilized to compress the ambient air. The compressed ambient air and the tapped air are mixed into a mixed airflow before the mixed airflow's pressure is expanded in one or more turbine stages (T1, T2). Water is separated from the mixed airflow between the mixing point (X) and the first turbine stage 1 (T1). In order to cool down the tapped airflow to a temperature at which water can be separated at all, the tapped airflow is guided past the entire cooler mixed airflow, preferably in two steps (REH, CON), namely once before the pressure expansion and another time after the pressure expansion of the mixed airflow in the first turbine stage (T1) . In a preferred form of execution, the ambient air is compressed in two steps, in connection with which in each case a compressor wheel (C1, C2) and a turbine wheel (T2, T1) (two-step pressure expansion) are mounted together on a shaft. t exchanging coil. 12. The method as in claim 1, wherein the biologically active material comprises viable single cells. 13. The method as in claim 1, wherein the biologically active material comprises viable tissues. 14. The method as in claim 1, wherein the biologically active material comprises viable organs. 15. The method as in claim 1, wherein the biologically active material comprises viable nucleic acids. 16. The method as in claim 1, wherein the biologically active material comprises viable ribonucleic acids. 17. The method as in claim 1, wherein the biologically active material comprises viable amino acid based compounds. 18. The method as in claim 1, wherein the biologically active material comprises viable lipid based compounds. 19. A method of cryopreservation comprising; immersing biologically active material in cooling fluid; and freezing the biologically active material directly to a temperature higher than about -30 degrees centigrade by circulating the cooling fluid past the biologically active material at a substantially constant predetermined velocity and temperature such that the biologically active material is vitrified. 20. The method as in claim 19, wherein the cooling fluid is maintained at a temperature of between about -20 degrees centigrade and -30 degrees centigrade. 21. The method as in claim 19, wherein the velocity of the cooling fluid past the biologically active material is about 35 liters per minute per foot of cooling fluid through an area not greater than about 24 inches wide and 48 inches deep. 22. The method as in claim 19, further comprising chemically preparing the biologically active material for freezing. 23. The method as in claim 22, wherein chemically preparing the biologically active material for freezing includes treating the biologically active material with a cryoprotectant. 24. The method as in claim 19, wherein the cooling fluid is circulated by a circulator immersed in the cooling fluid. 25. The method as in claim 24, wherein the circulator comprises: a motor; and an impeller rotatably coupled to the motor such that the impeller rotates to circulate the cooling fluid. 26. The method as in claim 19, further comprising circulating the cooling fluid past a heat exchanging coil submersed in the cooling fluid, and wherein the heat exchanging coil is capable of removing at least the same amount of heat from the cooling fluid, as the cooling fluid removes from the biologically active material. 27. The method as in claim 26, wherein the heat exchanging coil is a multi-path coil. 28. The method as in claim 26, wherein the size of the heat exchanging coil is directly related to an area through which the cooling fluid is circulated, wherein the area is about 24 inches wide and 48 inches deep. 29. The method as in claim 26, further comprising cooling the heat exchanging coil with a refrigeration unit substantially matching load requirements of the heat exchanging coil. 30. The method as in claim 19, wherein the biologically active material comprises viable single cells. 31. The method as in claim 19, wherein the biologically active material comprises viable tissues. 32. The method as in claim 19, wherein the biologically active material comprises viable organs. 33. The method as in claim 19, wherein the biologically active material comprises viable nucleic acids. 34. The method as in claim 19, wherein the biologically active material comprises viable ribonucleic acids. 35. The method as in claim 19, wherein the biologically active material comprises viable amino acid based compounds. 36. The method as in claim 19, wherein the biologically active material comprises viable lipid based compounds. 37. A biological material having been subjected to a cryopreservation process, the cryopreservation process comprising: immersing the biological material in cooling fluid; and circulating the cooling fluid past the biological material at a substantially constant predetermined veloc ity and temperature to freeze the biological material such that the biological material is vitrified, and the formation of stress fractures in cell membranes is minimized. 38. The biological material as in claim 37, wherein the cooling fluid is maintained at a temperature of between about -20 degrees centigrade and -30 degrees centigrade. 39. The biological material as in claim 37, wherein the velocity of the cooling fluid past the prepared material is about 35 liters per minute per foot of cooling fluid through an area not greater than about 24 inches wide and 48 inches deep. 40. The biological mat e rial as in claim 37, wherein said cryopreservation process further includes chemically preparing the biological material for freezing. 41. The biological material as in claim 40, wherein chemically preparing the biological material for freezing includes treating the material with a cryoprotectant. 42. The biological material as in claim 37, wherein the cooling fluid is circulated by a circulator immersed in the cooling fluid. 43. The biological material as in claim 42, wherein the circulator comprises: a motor; and an impeller rotatably coupled to the motor such that the impeller rotates to circulate the cooling fluid. 44. The biological material as in claim 37, wherein the cryopreservation process further comprises circulating the cooling fluid past a heat exchanging coil submersed in the cooling fluid, and wherein the heat exchanging coil is capable of removing at least the same amount of heat from the cooling fluid, as the cooling fluid removes from the biological material. 45. The biological material as in claim 44, wherein the heat exchanging coil is a multi-path coil. 46. The biological material as in claim 44, wherein the size of the heat exchanging coil is directly related to an area through which the cooling fluid is circulated, wherein the area is about 24 inches wide and 48 inches deep. 47. The biological material as in claim 44, further comprising cooling the heat exchanging coil with a refrigeration unit substantially matching load requirements of the heat exchanging coil. 48. The biological material as in claim 37, wherein said biological material comprises viable single cells. 49. The biological material as in claim 37, wherein said biological material comprises viable tissues. 50. The biological material as in claim 37, wherein said biological material comprises viable organs. 51. The biological material as in claim 37, wherein said biological material comprises viable nucleic acids. 52. The biological material as in claim 37, wherein the biological material comprises viable ribonucleic acids. 53. The biological material as in claim 37, wherein the biological material comprises viable amino acid based compounds. 54. The biological material as in claim 37, wherein the biological material comprises viable lipid based compounds.