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A modular flow cell having a high optical throughput, a long optical path length and a small cross-section. The modular flow cell configuration includes remote ports or connections for liquid and light input, and liquid and light output. The flow cell includes a flow cell body having two ends, each

A modular flow cell having a high optical throughput, a long optical path length and a small cross-section. The modular flow cell configuration includes remote ports or connections for liquid and light input, and liquid and light output. The flow cell includes a flow cell body having two ends, each with a respective end interface secured thereto. The flow cell is configured to formn a part of a modular flow cell assembly. The flow cell body includes a channel having a through-aperture with an inner surface. A light guiding material, e.g. a transparent fluoropolymer material having a refractive index less than the refractive index of common chromatography solvents, is disposed proximate to the channel to form a light guiding through-aperture in the flow cell body. The channel is formed of materials that can provide the necessary mechanical strength and a fluid seal, and more particularly, includes materials such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK), which can develop a fluid seal at the interface between the flow cell body end and each end interface.

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A modular flow cell having a high optical throughput, a long optical path length and a small cross-section. The modular flow cell configuration includes remote ports or connections for liquid and light input, and liquid and light output. The flow cell includes a flow cell body having two ends, each

A modular flow cell having a high optical throughput, a long optical path length and a small cross-section. The modular flow cell configuration includes remote ports or connections for liquid and light input, and liquid and light output. The flow cell includes a flow cell body having two ends, each with a respective end interface secured thereto. The flow cell is configured to formn a part of a modular flow cell assembly. The flow cell body includes a channel having a through-aperture with an inner surface. A light guiding material, e.g. a transparent fluoropolymer material having a refractive index less than the refractive index of common chromatography solvents, is disposed proximate to the channel to form a light guiding through-aperture in the flow cell body. The channel is formed of materials that can provide the necessary mechanical strength and a fluid seal, and more particularly, includes materials such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK), which can develop a fluid seal at the interface between the flow cell body end and each end interface. ear line calculation section calculates a line having a shortest distance between the geometrical center point and a surface of the body from among other possible lines. 3. An operation route searching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the specifying section allows the operator to specify the diseased portion in accordance with attributes of tissue regions. 4. An operation route searching apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a storing section for storing data indicating a predetermined tissue region; and an interference calculating section for calculating an interference between the linear line and the predetermined tissue region based on the data from the storing section. 5. An operation route searching apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising: a constraint condition adding section for defining a constraint condition used in the interference calculation. 6. An operation route searching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the linear line calculation section calculates a plurality of linear lines. 7. A operation route searching apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising: a solid angle calculation section for calculating a solid angle formed by at least two of the linear lines. 8. An operation route searching apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising: a cone calculation section for calculating a cone formed by at least three of the linear lines. 9. An operation route searching apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising: an area calculating section for calculating a size of a polygon formed by connecting crossing points of the linear lines and a surface of the body. 10. An operation route searching apparatus comprising: an input section for inputting a plurality of images obtained by tomography of a body including a diseased portion; a specifying section for allowing an operator to specify the diseased portion included in the images; a conversion section for converting the specified diseased portion into a three-dimensional structure; and a linear line calculation section for calculating a linear line as an operation route directed to a designated point within the three-dimensional structure from outside of the body. 11. An operation route searching apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the linear line calculation section calculates a line having a shortest distance between the designated point and a surface of the body from among other possible lines. 12. An operation route searching apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the specifying section allows the operator to specify the diseased portion in accordance with attributes of tissue regions. 13. An operation route searching apparatus according to claim 10, further comprising: a storing section for storing data indicating a predetermined tissue region; and an interference calculating section for calculating an interference between the linear line and the predetermined tissue region based on the data from the storing section. 14. An operation route searching method comprising: inputting a plurality of images obtained by tomography of a body including a diseased portion; enabling an operator to specify the diseased portion included in the images; converting the specified diseased portion into a three-dimensional structure; calculating a geometrical center point of the three-dimensional structure as a center of said diseased portion; and calculating a linear line as an operation route directed to the geometrical center point from outside of the body. 15. An operation route searching method according to claim 14, wherein the calculated linear line is a line having a shortest distance between the geometrical center point and a surface of the body from among other possible lines. 16. An operation route searching method according to claim 14, wherein the operator is enabled to specify the diseased portion in accordance with attributes of tissue regions. 17. An operation ro