IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0375410
(1999-08-17)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
|
출원인 / 주소 |
- Marine Desalination Sys6tems, L.L.P.
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
3 인용 특허 :
48 |
초록
▼
Methods and apparatus for desalination of salt water (and purification of polluted water) are disclosed. Salt (or otherwise polluted) water is pumped to a desalination installation and down to the base of a desalination fractionation column, where it is mixed with hydrate-forming gas to form either
Methods and apparatus for desalination of salt water (and purification of polluted water) are disclosed. Salt (or otherwise polluted) water is pumped to a desalination installation and down to the base of a desalination fractionation column, where it is mixed with hydrate-forming gas to form either positively buoyant or negatively buoyant (assisted buoyancy) hydrate. The hydrate rises or is carried upward and dissociates (melts) into the gas and pure water. In preferred embodiments, residual salt water which is heated by heat given off during formation of the hydrate is removed from the system to create a bias towards overall cooling as the hydrate dissociates endothermically at shallower depths. In preferred embodiments, the input water is passed through regions of dissociation in heat-exchanging relationship therewith so as to be cooled sufficiently for hydrate to form at pressure-depth. The fresh water produced by the system is cold enough that it can be used to provide refrigeration, air conditioning, or other cooling; heat removed from the system with the heated residual water can be used for heating or other applications.
대표청구항
▼
Methods and apparatus for desalination of salt water (and purification of polluted water) are disclosed. Salt (or otherwise polluted) water is pumped to a desalination installation and down to the base of a desalination fractionation column, where it is mixed with hydrate-forming gas to form either
Methods and apparatus for desalination of salt water (and purification of polluted water) are disclosed. Salt (or otherwise polluted) water is pumped to a desalination installation and down to the base of a desalination fractionation column, where it is mixed with hydrate-forming gas to form either positively buoyant or negatively buoyant (assisted buoyancy) hydrate. The hydrate rises or is carried upward and dissociates (melts) into the gas and pure water. In preferred embodiments, residual salt water which is heated by heat given off during formation of the hydrate is removed from the system to create a bias towards overall cooling as the hydrate dissociates endothermically at shallower depths. In preferred embodiments, the input water is passed through regions of dissociation in heat-exchanging relationship therewith so as to be cooled sufficiently for hydrate to form at pressure-depth. The fresh water produced by the system is cold enough that it can be used to provide refrigeration, air conditioning, or other cooling; heat removed from the system with the heated residual water can be used for heating or other applications. said outlet conduit having an inlet connected to said chamber liquid outlet and an outlet from which oxygenated liquid exits said apparatus. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said first injector oxygen inlet is fluid communication with a pressurized container of oxygen. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said apparatus comprises said pressurized container of oxygen. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a first interconnecting conduit, and wherein said first injector outlet and said second injector liquid inlet are connected through said first interconnecting conduit. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said supply piping has a cross sectional size which is smaller than a cross sectional size of said first interconnecting conduit. 6. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising a second interconnecting conduit, and wherein said second injector liquid outlet and said chamber liquid inlet are connected through said second interconnecting conduit. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said first interconnecting conduit has a cross sectional size which is larger than a cross sectional size of said second interconnecting conduit. 8. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising an outlet conduit, said outlet conduit having an inlet connected to said chamber liquid outlet and an outlet from which oxygenated liquid exits said apparatus. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said outlet of said outlet conduit is open to substantially atmospheric pressure. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said chamber is elongate and has a longitudinal axis, and liquid flows through said chamber substantially along said longitudinal axis. 11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said chamber is provided with an oxygen gas outlet, said chamber oxygen outlet in communication with said second injector oxygen inlet. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said chamber contains both a quantity of oxygenated liquid and a quantity of oxygen gas, said quantity of oxygen gas including oxygen not dissolved into said quantity of oxygenated liquid. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein a surface exists in said chamber between said quantity of oxygenated liquid and said quantity of oxygen gas, a portion of the oxygen in said quantity of oxygenated liquid moved from one side of said surface to the other side of said surface, said portion of oxygen absorbed into said quantity of oxygen gas. 14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein liquid flowing through said supply piping has a first flow velocity and liquid flowing through said chamber has a second flow velocity, said second flow velocity substantially less than said first flow velocity. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein liquid flowing through said supply piping has a first volumetric flow rate and liquid flowing through said chamber has a second volumetric flow rate, said first and second volumetric flow rates substantially equivalent. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein said first and second volumetric flow rates are about 70 gpm. 17. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an oxygenated liquid outlet open to atmospheric pressure and through which oxygenated liquid exits said apparatus, said oxygenated liquid outlet in communication with said chamber liquid outlet, oxygenated liquid recovered from said oxygenated liquid outlet having a dissolved oxygen level of at least about 160 mg/l at 1 atm. 18. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of said first and second injectors is oriented such that its respective said liquid inlet is above its respective said liquid outlet, whereby liquid flow through said first and second injectors is generally downward. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein each of said first and second injectors is located at a substantially elevated position relative to said chamber liquid outlet. 20. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said chamber liquid inlet is above said chamber liquid outlet, whereby liquid flow through said chamber is generally downward. 21. The appa
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