A method is described for producing composite multilayer materials which exhibit optimum properties throughout their entire service life. The composite multilayer material comprises a backing layer, a bearing metal layer, an intermediate layer and an electrodeposited overlay, which exhibits a hardne
A method is described for producing composite multilayer materials which exhibit optimum properties throughout their entire service life. The composite multilayer material comprises a backing layer, a bearing metal layer, an intermediate layer and an electrodeposited overlay, which exhibits a hardness which increases continuously from its surface in the direction of the bearing metal layer. The method provides for the electrodeposition as overlay of a lead-free alloy with at least one hard and one soft component, the current density being modified within the range of from 0.3 to 20 A/dm2during the deposition process and/or the temperature of the electroplating bath being modified within the range of from 15° C. to 80° C.
대표청구항▼
1. A method of producing a composite multilayer material for sliding elements, in which a bearing metal layer and an intermediate layer are applied to a backing layer and an overlay is electrodeposited on the intermediate layer, wherein a lead-free alloy with at least one hard and one soft component
1. A method of producing a composite multilayer material for sliding elements, in which a bearing metal layer and an intermediate layer are applied to a backing layer and an overlay is electrodeposited on the intermediate layer, wherein a lead-free alloy with at least one hard and one soft component is deposited as overlay, the current density being modified within the range of from 0.3-20 A/dm2during the deposition process and/or the temperature of the electroplating bath being modified within the range of from 15° C. to 80° C. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature is not modified and the current density is increased. 3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the current density is not modified and the temperature is reduced. 4. A method according to claim 1, wherein a polarizer is added to the electroplating bath; and the current density is not modified and the temperature is increased. 5. A method according to claim 4, wherein an unsaturated carboxylic acid-based polarizer is added. 6. A method according to claim 4 or claim 5, wherein the polarizer is added in an amount of up to 10%. 7. A method according to claim 1, wherein the current density and/or the temperature is/are modified continuously. 8. A method according to claim 1, wherein the current density is increased at a rate of from 0.1 to 0.5 A/(dm2min). 9. A method according to claim 1, wherein the temperatures are modified at a rate of from 1° C. to 5° C./min. 10. A method according to claim 1, wherein a binary alloy of tin and copper is deposited, the current density being increased in the range of from 0.5 to 10 A/dm2. 11. A method according to claim 1, wherein a binary alloy of CuAg, AgCu, SnCu, CuSn, SnBi or SnAg is deposited. 12. A method according to claim 1, wherein a fluoroborate-free electroplating bath is used. 13. A composite multilayer material for sliding elements having a backing layer, a bearing metal layer, an intermediate layer and an overlay applied by electrodeposition, wherein the overlay exhibits a hardness which increases continuously from its surface in the direction of the bearing metal layer, and the intermediate layer consists of Co, Fe or Ni+SnNi wherein Ni+SnNi are separate layers and the alloy SnNi contains from 65 to 75% Sn. 14. A composite multilayer material for sliding elements having a backing layer, a bearing metal layer, an intermediate layer and an overlay applied by electrodeposition wherein the overlay exhibits a hardness which increases continuously from its surface in the direction of the bearing metal layer, and the overlay consists of a lead-free binary alloy with a soft and a hard component selected from the group consisting of CuAg, AgCu, CuSn, SnBi or SnAg. 15. A composite multilayer material for sliding elements having a backing layer, a bearing metal layer an intermediate layer and an overlay applied by electrodeposition, wherein the overlay, comprises a lead free composition exhibits a hardness which increases continuously from its surface in the direction of the bearing metal layer, and a hard component content of the overlay increases from the overlay surface in the direction of the bearing metal layer from 1 wt. % to 20 wt. 16. A composite multilayer material for sliding elements having a backing layer, a bearing metal layer, an intermediate layer and an overlay applied by electrodeposition, wherein the overlay exhibits a hardness which increases continuously from its surface in the direction of the bearing metal layer, and the overlay contains 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. % nickel and/or cobalt. 17. A composite multilayer material according to any one of the claims 13 to 16 wherein the hardness increases in the range of from 10 HV to 150 HV.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (13)
Bank Brian L. ; Toth James R., Bearing having multilayer overlay and method of manufacture.
Kbert Michael (Klein-Winternheim DEX) Mller Klaus (Wiesbaden-Naurod DEX), Highly wear-resistant overlay with improved slip and a method of its production.
Staschko Klaus,DEX ; Huhn Hans-Ulrich,DEX ; Muller Klaus,DEX ; Heyer Joachim,DEX, Multilayer material for sliding elements and process and means for the production thereof.
Hewett, Joyce S. Obey; Pasadyn, Alexander James, Method and apparatus for controlling a thickness of a conductive layer in a semiconductor manufacturing operation.
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