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An apparatus and method for paging a user terminal (UT) using a satellite communications system having a gateway and one or more satellites, wherein each satellite produces a plurality of beams and each beam includes a plurality of channels. The method of the present invention includes the step of r

An apparatus and method for paging a user terminal (UT) using a satellite communications system having a gateway and one or more satellites, wherein each satellite produces a plurality of beams and each beam includes a plurality of channels. The method of the present invention includes the step of recalling a location of the UT, wherein the recalled location corresponds to a location of the UT at a time t1. In one embodiment this is accomplished by performing a lookup in a table that includes location information for user terminals at different points in time. The method also includes the step of determining an area, based on the recalled location, within which the UT is assumed to be located at a time t2,where time t2is later in time than time t1. The next step is to determine a time t3,where t3is equal to or later in time than time t2,when the following two criteria are satisfied. First a satellite of the one or more satellites has an elevation angle between θ1and θ2. Second, all locations within the area are located within a footprint of the satellite (that has an elevation angle between θ1and θ2). The elevation angles θ1and θ2can be determined from the perspective of the recalled location. Alternatively, the elevation angle can be determined from the perspective of all locations within the area. This ensures that the UT is in the "sweet spot" of the satellite (where the gain of signals sent from the satellite are highest) when the UT is paged. A page is then sent from the gateway to the UT on a channel of a beam of the satellite at time t3. The page can be sent on a channel of every beam of a plurality of beams that make up the footprint of the satellite at time t3. Alternatively, the page can be sent on a channel of selected beams of the footprint. By waiting until the UT is within the "sweet spot" to page the UT, less power can be used by the satellite. In addition, this type of operation allows the UT to use an antenna that has a substantial gain only when the UT is within the "sweet spot". This allows the use of satellite power to be reduced further.

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An apparatus and method for paging a user terminal (UT) using a satellite communications system having a gateway and one or more satellites, wherein each satellite produces a plurality of beams and each beam includes a plurality of channels. The method of the present invention includes the step of r

An apparatus and method for paging a user terminal (UT) using a satellite communications system having a gateway and one or more satellites, wherein each satellite produces a plurality of beams and each beam includes a plurality of channels. The method of the present invention includes the step of recalling a location of the UT, wherein the recalled location corresponds to a location of the UT at a time t1. In one embodiment this is accomplished by performing a lookup in a table that includes location information for user terminals at different points in time. The method also includes the step of determining an area, based on the recalled location, within which the UT is assumed to be located at a time t2,where time t2is later in time than time t1. The next step is to determine a time t3,where t3is equal to or later in time than time t2,when the following two criteria are satisfied. First a satellite of the one or more satellites has an elevation angle between θ1and θ2. Second, all locations within the area are located within a footprint of the satellite (that has an elevation angle between θ1and θ2). The elevation angles θ1and θ2can be determined from the perspective of the recalled location. Alternatively, the elevation angle can be determined from the perspective of all locations within the area. This ensures that the UT is in the "sweet spot" of the satellite (where the gain of signals sent from the satellite are highest) when the UT is paged. A page is then sent from the gateway to the UT on a channel of a beam of the satellite at time t3. The page can be sent on a channel of every beam of a plurality of beams that make up the footprint of the satellite at time t3. Alternatively, the page can be sent on a channel of selected beams of the footprint. By waiting until the UT is within the "sweet spot" to page the UT, less power can be used by the satellite. In addition, this type of operation allows the UT to use an antenna that has a substantial gain only when the UT is within the "sweet spot". This allows the use of satellite power to be reduced further. on that the valence number of m×M is equal to the valence number of n×X. 2. A fusing device according to claim 1, wherein M of said metal compound MmXn is a cation selected from the group consisting of ions of Fe and Al. 3. A fusing device according to claim 1, wherein the content of M of said metal compound MmXn is 3 to 300 ppm on the basis of the silicone rubber. 4. A fusing device according to claim 1, wherein said inorganic fine powder is selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, titanium oxide and calcium carbonate. 5. A fusing device according to claim 1, wherein said inorganic fine powder is contained in said surface layer in the proportion of 3 to 8 weight %. 6. A fusing device according to claim 1, wherein said inorganic fine powder has a mean particle size of 5 nm to 10 μm. 7. A fusing device according to claim 1, wherein said silicone rubber contains, as a component for polymerization, 20 or more weight % of normal-chain polysiloxane having vinyl groups at both ends and having viscosity not lower than 8000 Pa·s at 25° C. 8. A fusing device according to claim 7, wherein said normal-chain polysiloxane having vinyl groups at both ends is at least one selected from the group consisting of polydialkylsiloxane, polydiarylsiloxane, and polyalkylarylsiloxane.