초록 ▼

An engine valve (6) such as an intake valve or exhaust valve is driven to open or close a corresponding intake or exhaust port by attracting an armature (1) onto one of first and second electromagnets (2, 3) and a position of the armature, viz., the position of the engine valve is measured by a perm

An engine valve (6) such as an intake valve or exhaust valve is driven to open or close a corresponding intake or exhaust port by attracting an armature (1) onto one of first and second electromagnets (2, 3) and a position of the armature, viz., the position of the engine valve is measured by a permanent magnet (7) and a Hall effect device (8). An adhesive layer (9) whose hardness is lower than the drive axle (5) is used to attach the permanent magnet (7) onto the drive axle (5).

대표청구항 ▼

An engine valve (6) such as an intake valve or exhaust valve is driven to open or close a corresponding intake or exhaust port by attracting an armature (1) onto one of first and second electromagnets (2, 3) and a position of the armature, viz., the position of the engine valve is measured by a perm

An engine valve (6) such as an intake valve or exhaust valve is driven to open or close a corresponding intake or exhaust port by attracting an armature (1) onto one of first and second electromagnets (2, 3) and a position of the armature, viz., the position of the engine valve is measured by a permanent magnet (7) and a Hall effect device (8). An adhesive layer (9) whose hardness is lower than the drive axle (5) is used to attach the permanent magnet (7) onto the drive axle (5). t and second upper frame members having ends that abut when installed in opposed relation over the lower frame. 12. The apparatus of claim 1 comprising interlocking first and second upper frame members. 13. The apparatus of claim 1 comprising interlocking first and second lower frame members. 14. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the lower and upper frames have inverted U-shaped cross sections. 15. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the absorbent pad is larger in length and width than the lower frame. 16. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the lower frame comprises a plurality of reinforcement sections disposed beneath the upwardly extending surface. 17. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the upper frame comprises a plurality of reinforcement sections disposed in the downwardly facing cavity. 18. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the lower frame members have corners with integrally molded reinforcing flanges. 19. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the upper frame members have corners with integrally molded reinforcing flanges. 20. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the polygonal area has sides and wherein the ends of the upper and lower frame members are on different sides. 21. The apparatus of claim 1 in combination with an absorbent dog waste disposal pad. 22. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the lower frame has underlying resilient adhesive-backed pads. 23. An absorbent dog waste disposal pad holder comprising: a lower first frame member having an inverted U-shaped cross section, the lower first frame member having a first end and a second end, the first end having a male end connector, the second end having a female end connector; a lower second frame member having an inverted U-shaped cross section, the lower second frame member having a first end and a second end, the first end having a male end connector, the second end having a female end connector; an upper first frame member having an inverted U-shaped cross section, the upper first frame member having two ends; an upper second frame member having an inverted U-shaped cross section, the upper second frame member having two ends; a disposable, absorbent pad; wherein the first end of the lower first frame member engages the second end of the lower second frame member and the second end of the lower first frame member engages the first end of the lower second frame member to form a lower frame, the two ends of the upper first frame member cooperate with the corresponding two ends of the upper second frame member to form an upper frame, the lower frame and the upper frame cooperate to form a peripheral wall, the peripheral wall securely holds a periphery of the disposable, absorbent pad between the lower frame and the upper frame at least at two opposed sides of the peripheral wall. 24. The absorbent dog waste disposal pad holder of claim 23 wherein the lower and upper frames form a generally rectangular peripheral wall. 25. The absorbent dog waste disposal pad holder of claim 24 wherein the lower and upper frames form a square peripheral wall. 26. The absorbent dog waste disposal pad holder of claim 23 wherein the disposable, absorbent pad is larger in length and width than the lower frame. 27. The absorbent dog waste disposal pad holder of claim 23 wherein the lower and upper frames are made of a moldable polymeric material. 28. The absorbent dog waste disposal pad holder of claim 23 wherein the lower frame comprises a plurality of reinforcement sections disposed beneath an upwardly extending surface of the lower frame. 29. The absorbent dog waste disposal pad holder of claim 23 wherein the upper frame comprises a plurality of reinforcement sections disposed in a downwardly facing cavity of the upper frame. 30. The absorbent dog waste disposal pad holder of claim 23 wherein the lower frame members have corners with integrally molded reinforcing flanges. 31. The absorbent dog waste disposal pad holder of claim 23 wherein the upper frame members have corners with integrall y molded reinforcing flanges. 32. The absorbent dog waste disposal pad holder of claim 23 wherein the lower frame has underlying resilient adhesive-backed pads. 33. An apparatus for positioning and holding an absorbent dog waste disposal pad on a separate underlying support surface, the apparatus comprising: a lower frame having an inverted U-shaped cross section, the lower frame comprising a first frame member and a second frame member, the first frame member having a male end connector and a female end connector, the second frame member having a male end connector and a female end connector, the male and female end connectors of the first frame member being engageable with the female and male end connectors of the second frame member to form the lower frame; an upper frame having an inverted U-shaped cross section, the upper frame comprising a first upper frame member and a second upper frame member, the first upper frame member having two ends, the second upper frame member having two ends, the ends of the first upper frame member being alignable so as to be in opposed and abutting contact with the ends of the second upper frame members to form the upper frame; a disposable, absorbent pad; wherein the lower frame and the upper frame cooperate to form a generally rectangular peripheral wall, the generally rectangular peripheral wall securely holding a periphery of the disposable, absorbent pad between the lower frame and the upper frame at least at two opposed sides of the peripheral wall. 34. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the lower and upper frames are made of a moldable polymeric material. 35. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the lower frame comprises a plurality of reinforcement sections disposed beneath an upwardly extending surface of the lower frame. 36. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the upper frame comprises a plurality of reinforcement sections disposed in a downwardly facing cavity of the upper frame. 37. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the disposable, absorbent pad is larger in length and width than the lower frame. 38. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the lower and upper frames form a square peripheral wall. 39. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the lower frame members have corners with integrally molded reinforcing flanges. 40. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the upper frame members have corners with integrally molded reinforcing flanges. 41. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the lower frame has underlying resilient adhesive-backed pads. 42. The method for releasably supporting and maintaining an absorbent dog waste disposal pad, the method comprising the steps of: providing a lower first frame member with inside and outside bottom edges connected by an upwardly curved surface and having first and second ends; providing a lower second frame member with inside and outside bottom edges connected by an upwardly curved surface and having first and second ends; providing an upper first frame member with a downwardly facing cavity and having two ends; providing an upper second frame member with a downwardly facing cavity and having two ends; providing a disposable, absorbent pad; interlocking the first end of the lower first frame member with the second end of the lower second frame member and the second end of the lower first frame member with the first end of the lower second frame member to form a polygonal lower frame; placing the disposable, absorbent pad on top of the lower frame, spanning at least two opposed sides of the lower frame; engaging the downwardly facing cavity of the upper first frame member with the upwardly curved surface of the lower frame wherein the disposable, absorbent pad is held therebetween and the two ends of the upper first frame member are spaced apart from the ends of the first and second lower frame members; and engaging the downwardly facing cavity of the upper second frame member with the upwardly curved surface of the lower frame wherein the disposab