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A narrowly defined range of zinc silicate glass compositions is found to produce High Energy Beam Sensitive-glass (HEBS-glass) that possesses the essential properties of a true gray level mask which is necessary for the fabrication of general three dimensional microstructures with one optical exposu

A narrowly defined range of zinc silicate glass compositions is found to produce High Energy Beam Sensitive-glass (HEBS-glass) that possesses the essential properties of a true gray level mask which is necessary for the fabrication of general three dimensional microstructures with one optical exposure in a conventional photolithographic process. The essential properties are (1) A mask pattern or image is grainiless even when observed under optical microscope at 1000× or at higher magnifications. (2) The HEBS-glass is insensitive and/or inert to photons in the spectral ranges employed in photolithographic processes, and is also insensitive and/or inert to visible spectral range of light so that a HEBS-glass mask blank and a HEBS-glass mask are permanently stable under room lighting conditions. (3) The HEBS-glass is sufficiently sensitive to electron beam exposure, so that the cost of making a mask using an e-beam writer is affordable for many applications. (4) the e-beam induced optical density is a unique function of, and is a very reproducible function of electron dosages for one or more combinations of the parameters of an e-beam writer. The parameters of e-beam writers include beam accelerations voltage, beam current, beam spot size and addressing grid size.

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A narrowly defined range of zinc silicate glass compositions is found to produce High Energy Beam Sensitive-glass (HEBS-glass) that possesses the essential properties of a true gray level mask which is necessary for the fabrication of general three dimensional microstructures with one optical exposu

A narrowly defined range of zinc silicate glass compositions is found to produce High Energy Beam Sensitive-glass (HEBS-glass) that possesses the essential properties of a true gray level mask which is necessary for the fabrication of general three dimensional microstructures with one optical exposure in a conventional photolithographic process. The essential properties are (1) A mask pattern or image is grainiless even when observed under optical microscope at 1000× or at higher magnifications. (2) The HEBS-glass is insensitive and/or inert to photons in the spectral ranges employed in photolithographic processes, and is also insensitive and/or inert to visible spectral range of light so that a HEBS-glass mask blank and a HEBS-glass mask are permanently stable under room lighting conditions. (3) The HEBS-glass is sufficiently sensitive to electron beam exposure, so that the cost of making a mask using an e-beam writer is affordable for many applications. (4) the e-beam induced optical density is a unique function of, and is a very reproducible function of electron dosages for one or more combinations of the parameters of an e-beam writer. The parameters of e-beam writers include beam accelerations voltage, beam current, beam spot size and addressing grid size. out 13 μmol or less per gram of meal. 2. The canola meal of claim 1, wherein said glucosinolate content is less than about 12 μmol per gram of meal. 3. The canola meal of claim 1, wherein said aliphatic glucosinolate content is less than about 7 μmol per gram of meal. 4. The canola meal of claim 3, wherein said aliphatic glucosinolate content is about 3.7 to about 6.3 μmol per gram of meal. 5. The canola meal of claim 1, wherein said meal has an average aliphatic glucosinolate content of about 4.9 μmol per gram of meal. 6. The canola meal of claim 1, wherein said indolyl glucosinolate content is about 7.2 μmol per gram of meal. 7. The canola meal of claim 1, wherein said meal is produced from Brassica napus seeds. 8. The canola meal of claim 7, wherein said meal is produced from seeds of a Brassica naps variety designated IMC 01. 9. The canola meal of claim 1, wherein said meal is produced from seeds of progeny of a variety designated IMC 01 , said progeny seeds having an α-linolenic acid of from about 1.7% to about 7%. 10. The canola meal of claim 9, wherein said progeny seeds have an α-linolenic acid of from about 1.9% to about 4.1%. 11. Crushed Brassica seeds comprising an oil fraction and a meal fraction, said oil fraction having an α-linolenic acid content of 7% or less relative to the total fatty acid content of said seeds and a sulfur content of less than or equal to 3.0 ppm, and said meal fraction having an aliphatic and indolyl glucosinolate content of about 13 μmol/g or less of defatted, air-dried meal. 12. Crushed seeds of claim 11, wherein said seeds are Brassica napus seeds. 13. Crushed seeds of claim 12, wherein said glucosinolate content is less than about 12 μmol per gram of meal. 14. Crushed seeds of claim 12, wherein said aliphatic glucosinolate content is less than about 7 μmol per gram of meal. 15. Crushed seeds of claim 14, wherein said aliphatic glucosinolate content is about 3.7 to about 6.3 μmol per gram of meal. 16. Crushed seeds of claim 12, wherein said meal has an average aliphatic glucosinolate content of about 4.9 μmol per gram of meal. 17. Crushed seeds of claim 12, wherein said indolyl glucosinolate content is about 7.2 μmol per gram of meal. 18. Crushed seeds of claim 12, wherein said oil fraction has an α-linolenic acid content of about 4.1% or less relative to the total fatty acid content of said seeds. 19. Crushed seeds of claim 12, wherein said α-linolenic acid content is from about 1.9% to about 4.1%. 20. Crushed seeds of claim 12, wherein said seeds have a palmitic acid content of from about 4.1% to about 4.9%. 21. Crushed seeds of claim 12, wherein said seeds have a stearic acid content of from about 1.5% to about 2.3%. 22. Crushed seeds of claim 12, wherein said seeds have a saturated fatty acid content of from about 5.6% to about 7.2%. 23. Crushed seeds of claim 12, wherein said seeds have a linolenic acid content of from about 14.4% to about 25.8%. 24. Crushed seeds of claim 12, wherein said seeds have an oleic acid content of from about 60.4% to about 72.5%. material, a coating layer which comprises a compound of cobalt with a mean valence over 2 and which coats said particles, and a compound of at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of Cd, Yb, Ce, Sm, Gd and Er, wherein said particles with said coating layer have an electric conductivity of at least 2.2 mS/cm. 2. The nickel positive electrode for alkaline storage batteries in accordance with claim 1, wherein said compound of said at least one metallic element is selected from the group consisting of CdO, Yb2O3,Yb(OH)3,CeO2,Sm2O3,Gd2O3and Er2O3. 3. The nickel positive electrode for alkaline storage batteries in accordance with claim 2, wherein a ratio of said compound of said at least one metallic element ranges from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said nickel hydroxide material. 4. The nickel positive electrode for alkaline storage batteries in accordance with claim 1, wherein a ratio of said compound of said at least one metallic element in said coating later is 0.05 to 3 parts by weight per 10 parts by weight of said cobalt compound. 5. The nickel positive electrode for alkaline storage batteries in accordance with claim 1, wherein a ratio of said cobalt compound in said coating layer is 1 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said nickel hydroxide material. 6. A nickel positive electrode for alkaline storage batteries comprising particles of aggregated crystals of a nickel hydroxide material provided with a coating layer of a compound of cobalt with a mean valence over 2, said particles containing inside and on the surface thereof a compound of at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of Cd, Yb, Ce, Sm, Gd and Er. 7. The nickel positive electrode for alkaline storage batteries in accordance with claim 6, wherein said compound of at least one metallic element is one selected from the group consisting of CdO, Yb2O3,Yb(OH)3,CeO2,Sm2O3,Gd2O3and Er2O3. 8. The nickel positive electrode for alkaline storage batteries in accordance with claim 7, wherein a ratio of said compound of said at least one metallic element ranges from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said nickel hydroxide material. 9. The nickel positive electrode for alkaline storage batteries in accordance with claim 6, wherein a ratio of said cobalt compound in said coating layer is 1 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said nickel hydroxide material. 10. A nickel positive electrode for alkaline storage batteries comprising particles of a nickel hydroxide material, a coating layer which comprises a compound of cobalt with a mean valence over 2 and which coats said particles, and a compound of at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of Y and Yb. 11. A nickel positive electrode for alkaline storage batteries comprising particles of a nickel hydroxide material, a coating layer which comprises a compound of cobalt with a mean valence over 2 and which coats said particles, and a compound of Yb. 12. A nickel positive electrode for alkaline storage batteries comprising particles of a nickel hydroxide material and a coating layer which comprises a compound of cobalt with a mean valence over 2 and which coats said particles, said coating layer comprising a compound of at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of Cd, Yb, Ce, Sm, Gd, and Er. 13. The nickel positive electrode for alkaline storage batteries in accordance with claim 12, wherein said compound of said at least one metallic element is selected from the group consisting of CdO, Yb2O3,Yb(OH)3,CeO2,Sm2O3,Gd2O3,and Er2O3. ombinant lead-acid battery comprising: a. a case; b. a plurality of lead-acid cells within said case, each cell comprising: i. positive and negative lead metal plates; ii. absorbent separator material between at least some of said positive and negative plates; c. said cells being in vapor communication one with another; d. a plurality of catalyst units in vapor communication with said cells for enhancing recombination of hydrogen and oxygen into water at least partially in vapor phase within said battery, said plurality of catalyst units being fewer in number than said plurality of lead-acid cells. 2. The battery of claim 1 wherein at least some of said catalyst units are at least partially within said case. 3. The battery of claim 1 wherein at least some of said catalyst units are completely within said case. 4. The battery of claim 1 wherein said catalyst units are completely within said case. 5. The battery of claim 1 wherein a catalyst within at least some of said catalyst units is palladium. voring inclusions that closely simulate commercially available flavored table syrups and flavored toppings in appearance, flavor, and texture. By applying these flavorings, such as flavored syrups, flavored toppings, and/or flavored inclusions, to chemically leavened food products, yeast leavened food products, and unleavened food products, including waffles, pancakes, corn breads, wafers, pastries, cookies, and the like, prior to freezing, the reconstituted food product closely simulates food products comprising commercially available flavored syrups or flavored toppings. in accordance with claim 8 wherein said hydrocarbon component is selected from the group consisting of 10. An electroluminescent device in accordance with claim 1 wherein said R1and R 2are methyl or ethyl. 11. An electroluminescent device in accordance with claim 1 wherein said R3,R4,R5and R6are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, and ethyl. 12. An electroluminescent device in accordance with claim 1 wherein said Ar1and Ar2are selected from the group consisting of phenyl, tolyl, tert-butylphenyl, methoxyphenyl, 3,5-diphenylphenyl, 3,5-bis(p-tert-butylphenyl)phenyl, biphenylyl, and 4'-methoxybiphenyl-4-yl, 2-phenylvinyl, and 2,2-diphenylvinyl. 13. An electroluminescent device in accordance with claim 1 wherein R1to R6are each a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group with from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, and an alicyclic alkyl group with from about 3 to about 15 carbon atoms. 14. An electroluminescent device in accordance with claim 1 wherein said substituents for R1to R6are individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, cyclohexyl, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl, and methoxy. 15. An electroluminescent device in accordance with claim 1 wherein R1is alkoxy. 16. An electroluminescent device in accordance with claim 1 wherein R1and R2are methoxy. 17. An electroluminescent device in accordance with claim 1 wherein A2is phenyl. 18. An electroluminescent device in accordance with claim 1 wherein R1and R2are methyl. 19. An electroluminescent device in accordance with claim 1 wherein Ar1is phenyl. 20. An electroluminescent device in accordance with claim 1 wherein Ar2is phenyl. 21. An electroluminescent device in accordance with claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbon component is selected from the group consisting of et al., 428/065.3; US-5900324, 19990500, Moroishi et al., 428/611; US-5945190, 19990800, Sato, 428/065.3; US-5993956, 19991100, Lambeth et al., 428/332; US-6010795, 20000100, Chen et al., 428/611; US-6143388, 20001100, Bian et al., 428/065.3; US-6403241, 20020600, Chen et al., 428/694.TS; US-6461750, 20021000, Chen et al., 428/694.TM ing the liquid through an outlet of the non-thermal plasma reactor after the liquid has been treated by the plasma, wherein the outlet has a second cross-sectional area that is smaller than the first cross-sectional area. 17. The method of claim 1 wherein step (b) comprises generating the non-thermal plasma within multiple non-thermal plasma reactors which are coupled in series with one another, passing the liquid-gas mixture through the multiple non-thermal plasma reactors and changing a number of the multiple non-thermal plasma reactors based on a desired level of reduction in an amount of the pathogens living in the liquid. 18. The method of claim 1 wherein: step (b) comprises generating the non-thermal plasma with a non-thermal plasma reactor having first and second mesh electrodes which oppose one another about the reaction volume, and applying different voltage potentials to the first and second mesh electrodes to generate the non-thermal plasma within the reaction volume; and step (a) comprises passing the liquid-gas mixture through openings in the first mesh electrode, through the reaction volume and then through openings in the second mesh electrode. 19. A liquid food pasteurization apparatus comprising: a liquid food input; a treatment flow path coupled to the liquid food input; a pump coupled to the treatment flow path for pumping liquid food from the liquid food input through the treatment flow path; a gas injector coupled in the treatment flow path and having a gas inlet for receiving a gas to be injected into the liquid food; and a non-thermal plasma reactor coupled in the treatment flow path and comprising a liquid food inlet, a liquid food outlet, a reaction volume between the liquid food inlet and the liquid food outlet and at least one non-thermal plasma electrode adjacent to the reaction volume, wherein each non-thermal plasma electrode is isolated physically and electrically from the flow path by a dielectric barrier. 20. The liquid food pasteurization apparatus of claim 19 wherein the gas injector comprises a venturi tube gas mixer having a main flow path, which is coupled in series with the treatment flow path, and a flow constriction in the main flow path, which is coupled to the gas inlet. 21. The liquid food pasteurization apparatus of claim 19 wherein the non-thermal plasma reactor comprises a volume discharge reactor having: a ground electrode; a high-voltage electrode, which is parallel to the ground electrode and is separated from the ground electrode panel by a gap, a first dielectric barrier positioned between the ground electrode and the gap; a second dielectric barrier positioned between the high-voltage electrode and the gap; and a discharge path, which extends from the ground electrode to the high-voltage electrode, across the gap, wherein the treatment flow path extends through the gap and across the discharge path. 22. The liquid food pasteurization apparatus of claim 21 wherein the ground electrode and the high-voltage electrode are planar. 23. The liquid food pasteurization apparatus of claim 21 wherein at least one of the ground electrode and the high-voltage electrode is tubular and coaxial with the other of the ground electrode and the high-voltage electrode. 24. The liquid food pasteurization apparatus of claim 19 wherein the non-thermal plasma reactor comprises a surface discharge reactor having: a liquid flow path extending through the reaction volume; a surface discharge electrode which comprises first and second oppositely polarized conductors, which are spaced from one another laterally along a discharge surface that is parallel and adjacent to the liquid flow path, and defines a surface discharge path which extends between the first and second conductors, along the first discharge surface; and a dielectric barrier positioned between the liquid flow path and the first and second conductors. 25. The liquid food pasteurization apparatus of claim 19 wherein the liquid food inlet has a first cross-sectional area and the liquid food outlet has a second cross-sectional area that is smaller than the first cross-sectional area. 26. The liquid food pasteurization apparatus of claim 19 wherein the treatment flow path has a serpentine flow pattern within the reaction volume that is arranged to generate turbulent flow within the reaction volume. 27. The liquid food pasteurization apparatus of claim 19 wherein: the non-thermal plasma reactor comprises first and second mesh electrodes which are spaced parallel to one another on opposite sides of the reaction volume, wherein the first and second mesh electrodes each include a conductive mesh, a dielectric coating on the conductive mesh and a plurality of openings extending through the conductive mesh and the dielectric coating; and the treatment flow path extends through the plurality of openings in the first mesh electrode, through the reaction volume and then through the plurality of openings in the second mesh electrode. 28. A liquid food pasteurization apparatus comprising: a liquid food input for receiving a liquid food comprising pathogens living in the liquid food; means for introducing gas bubbles into the liquid food received from the liquid food input to produce a mixture of the liquid food and the gas bubbles; and non-thermal plasma reactor means for receiving the mixture of the liquid food and the gas bubbles within a reaction volume and for generating a non-thermal plasma within the reaction volume to thereby kill at least a portion of the pathogens within the liquid food. lasma treatment for about 10 seconds to about 40 seconds. 11. The method according to claim 5, comprising sequentially: forming a photoresist mask on the dielectric layer; anisotropically etching to form the opening; stripping the photoresist mask; solvent cleaning the opening; treating the opening and the upper surface of the lower metal feature with the NH3/N2plasma and the N2/H2plasma; and argon (Ar) sputter etching to remove residual contamination from the opening. 12. The method according to claim 11, comprising Ar sputter etching at: an Ar flow rate of about 4 to about 6 sccm; a source RF power of about 180 to about 220 watts; and; a wafer RF power of about 180 to about 220 watts, for about 4 to about 6 seconds. y to form a heated cathode assembly; heating said disk to a temperature of about 700° C.; bringing said boron disk into contact with an anode; establishing an arc between said boron disk and said anode to produce a boron plasma. 7. The process according to claim 6 wherein said step of heating said discs heats said disc to a temperature of at least 700° C. 8. The process according to claim 6 wherein said microwave environment is provided from a 24 gigahertz microwave generator has a variable power output. using a food grade process. 2. The olive oil based product according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid portion of the blend contains more than 65 weight-% polyunsaturated fatty acids. 3. The olive oil based product according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid portion of the blend contains less than 3 weight-% saturated fatty acids. 4. The olive oil based product according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid portion of the blend contains less than 2 weight-% stearic acid. 5. The olive oil based product according to claim 1, the fatty acid portion of the blend contains less than 1.5 weight-% stearic acid. 6. The olive oil based product according to claim 1, wherein the product is clear at 30° C. 7. The olive oil based product according to claim 1, wherein the product is clear at 25° C. 8. The olive oil based product according to claim 1, wherein the product is clear at 20° C. 9. The olive oil based product according to claim 1, wherein the product is clear at 18° C. 10. The olive oil based product according to claim 1, wherein the product is clear at 8° C. 11. The olive oil based product according to claim 1, wherein the product is clear at 4° C. 12. The olive oil based product according to claim 1, wherein the product becomes clear after having been removed from the refrigerator and brought to room temperature. 13. The olive oil based product according to claim 1, wherein the at least one of the virgin olive oils comprises virgin olive oil. 14. The olive oil based product according to claim 1, wherein the at least one of the virgin olive oils comprises extra virgin olive oil. 15. The olive oil based product according to claim 1, wherein the sterol and/or stanol fatty acid ester mainly comprises stanol fatty acid esters. 16. The olive oil based product according to claim 15, wherein the stanol part of the stanol fatty acid ester comprises sitostanol and optionally campestanol. 17. The olive oil based product according to claim 1, wherein the blend is present in an amount of 0.3-10 weight-%, calculated as free sterols and/or stanols. 18. A method for preparing an olive oil based product, comprising (1) at least one of the virgin olive oils and (2) a blend of sterol and/or stanol fatty acid esters, wherein the fatty acid portion of the blend contains less than 5 weight-% saturated fatty acids and more than 60 weight-% polyunsaturated fatty acids, the method comprising (a) esterifying a sterol and/or stanol with a source of fatty acids containing less than 5 weight-% saturated fatty acids and more than 60 weight-% polyunsaturated fatty acids, to produce a blend of sterol and/or stanol fatty acid esters and (b) dissolving the blend in at least one of the virgin olive oils, to obtain the olive oil based product. 19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the source of fatty acids contains more than 65 weight-% polyunsaturated fatty acids. 20. The method according to claim 18, wherein the source of fatty acids contains less than 2 weight-% stearic acid. 21. The method according to claim 18, wherein the esterifying step comprises interesterifying the sterol and/or stanol using an excess of alcohol fatty acid esters, and performing the esterifying step in the presence of an interesterification catalyst. 22. The method according to claim 18, wherein the sterol and/or stanol fatty acid esters mainly comprise stanol fatty acid esters. 23. The method according to claim 18, wherein the esterifying step is conducted using a food grade process. 24. A method for preparing an olive oil based product, comprising (1) at least one of the virgin olive oils and (2) a blend of sterol and/or stanol fatty acid esters, wherein the fatty acid portion of the blend contains less than 5 weight-% saturated fatty acids and more than 60 weight-% polyunsaturated fatty acids, the method comprising (a) dissolving plant stanol and/or sterol fatty acid esters having fatty acids derived from high PUFA vegetable oils in at least one of the virgin oli