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An improved method and apparatus for indirect evaporative cooling of a fluid stream to substantially its dew point temperature. Plate heat exchanger has perforations 11 and channels 3, 4 and 5 for gas or a low temperature for liquids on a dry side and wet side. Fluid streams 1 flow across the dry si

An improved method and apparatus for indirect evaporative cooling of a fluid stream to substantially its dew point temperature. Plate heat exchanger has perforations 11 and channels 3, 4 and 5 for gas or a low temperature for liquids on a dry side and wet side. Fluid streams 1 flow across the dry side 9, transferring heat to the plate. Gas stream 2 flows across the dry side and through perforations to channels 5 on wet side 10, which it then cools by evaporative cooling as well as conductive and radiative transfer of heat from plate. A wicking material provides wetting of wet side. In other embodiments, a desiccant wheel may be used to dehumidify the gas, air streams may be recirculated, feeder wicks 13 and a pump may be used to bring water from a water reservoir, and fans may be used to either force or induce a draft. The wicking material may be cellulose, organic fibers, organic based fibers, polyester, polypropylene, carbon-based fibers, silicon based fibers, fiberglass, or combinations of them. The device may be operated in winter months to scavenge heat from exhaust gases of a space and thus pre-heat fresh air, while simultaneously humidifying the fresh air.

대표청구항 ▼

An improved method and apparatus for indirect evaporative cooling of a fluid stream to substantially its dew point temperature. Plate heat exchanger has perforations 11 and channels 3, 4 and 5 for gas or a low temperature for liquids on a dry side and wet side. Fluid streams 1 flow across the dry si

An improved method and apparatus for indirect evaporative cooling of a fluid stream to substantially its dew point temperature. Plate heat exchanger has perforations 11 and channels 3, 4 and 5 for gas or a low temperature for liquids on a dry side and wet side. Fluid streams 1 flow across the dry side 9, transferring heat to the plate. Gas stream 2 flows across the dry side and through perforations to channels 5 on wet side 10, which it then cools by evaporative cooling as well as conductive and radiative transfer of heat from plate. A wicking material provides wetting of wet side. In other embodiments, a desiccant wheel may be used to dehumidify the gas, air streams may be recirculated, feeder wicks 13 and a pump may be used to bring water from a water reservoir, and fans may be used to either force or induce a draft. The wicking material may be cellulose, organic fibers, organic based fibers, polyester, polypropylene, carbon-based fibers, silicon based fibers, fiberglass, or combinations of them. The device may be operated in winter months to scavenge heat from exhaust gases of a space and thus pre-heat fresh air, while simultaneously humidifying the fresh air. alized view maintenance and integrity constrainte checking: trading space for time, ACM SIGMOD, pp 447-458, 1996.* Lu et al. Efficient maintenance of materialized mediated views, ACM SIGMOD, pp 340-351, 1995.* Hamid Pirahesh et al., "Extensible/Rule Based Query Rewrite Optimization in Starburst", Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD '92 International Conference on Management of Data, San Diego, CA, [Sigmod record: vol. 21, Issue 20] Jun. 1992, pp. 39-48. nclude one of a pin name error corresponding to said one or more of said plurality of cells, a layout scaling error corresponding to said one or more of said plurality of cells, and a timing error corresponding to said one or more of said plurality of cells, and a size error corresponding to a physical size of said one or more of said plurality of cells. 7. The method of claim 1 further including the step of updating said cell library based on said connection verification performing step. 8. The method of claim 7 wherein said updating step includes the step of storing information corresponding to one or more of said plurality of cells in said cell library. 9. The method of claim 1 further including the steps of: implementing a physical layout of a design based on said cell library; and performing an error check of said physical layout. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein said error check performing step includes the step of executing an electrical rules checker. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein said plurality of cells include one or more of an AND gate cell, an OR gate cell, and exclusive-OR gate cell, and exclusive-NOR gate cell, a flip-flop cell, a multiplexer cell, an adder cell, and a subtractor cell. 12. The method of claim 1 wherein said plurality of cells may include one or more of a simple combinational cell and a complex combinational cell. 13. A method of testing a cell library, comprising the steps of: retrieving each cell stored in a cell library; generating a cell matrix including the retrieved cells; connecting each retrieved cell in the cell matrix; detecting an error corresponding to one or more of the retrieved cells in said connecting step; and correcting said detected error corresponding to said one or more of said retrieved cells. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein said generating step includes the steps of: retrieving a rule set for said cell matrix; and generating one or more columns of said retrieved cells and one or more rows of said retrieved cells based on said rule set. 15. The method of claim 14 wherein said retrieved rule set includes one or more of information corresponding to a number of allowable cells in a generated row, and information corresponding to the type of retrieved cells for said generated row. 16. The method of claim 13 wherein each of said retrieved cells include at least one input port and one output port, and said connecting step connecting each input and output ports of each of said retrieved cells. 17. The method of claim 13 wherein said detected error includes one of a pin name error corresponding to said one or more of said plurality of cells, a layout scaling error corresponding to said one or more of said plurality of cells, and a timing error corresponding to said one or more of said plurality of cells, and a size error corresponding to a physical size of said one or more of said plurality of cells. 18. The method of claim 13 further including the step of updating said cell library based on said correcting step. 19. The method of claim 18 wherein said updating step includes the step of storing information corresponding to one or more of said retrieved cells in said cell library. 20. The method of claim 13 further including the steps of: implementing a physical layout of a design based on said cell library; and performing an error check of said physical layout. 21. The method of claim 20 wherein said error check performing step includes the step of executing an electrical rules checker. 22. The method of claim 13 wherein said retrieved cells may include one or more of a simple combinational cell and a complex combinational cell. 23. A system for testing a cell library, comprising the steps of: means for retrieving a plurality of cells stored in a library; means for generating a cell matrix including the retrieved plurality of cells; means for connecting each of the plurality of cells in the cell matrix; and means for performing a connection ve