초록 ▼

This invention presents a method and apparatus for controlling the operating point, i.e. the output voltage or current, of a fuel cell to a desired value, efficiently transferring the available fuel cell power to a rechargeable battery and load, and isolating the fuel cell from the battery and load.

This invention presents a method and apparatus for controlling the operating point, i.e. the output voltage or current, of a fuel cell to a desired value, efficiently transferring the available fuel cell power to a rechargeable battery and load, and isolating the fuel cell from the battery and load. Active control of the operating point of the fuel cell allows for optimized power output and fuel cell efficiency. This invention uses feedback from the input to regulate the input voltage or current. The output of the DC-DC converter either charges the battery or helps the battery supply the load, and is maintained equal to the battery voltage as the output of the DC-DC converter is directly connected to the battery.

대표청구항 ▼

This invention presents a method and apparatus for controlling the operating point, i.e. the output voltage or current, of a fuel cell to a desired value, efficiently transferring the available fuel cell power to a rechargeable battery and load, and isolating the fuel cell from the battery and load.

This invention presents a method and apparatus for controlling the operating point, i.e. the output voltage or current, of a fuel cell to a desired value, efficiently transferring the available fuel cell power to a rechargeable battery and load, and isolating the fuel cell from the battery and load. Active control of the operating point of the fuel cell allows for optimized power output and fuel cell efficiency. This invention uses feedback from the input to regulate the input voltage or current. The output of the DC-DC converter either charges the battery or helps the battery supply the load, and is maintained equal to the battery voltage as the output of the DC-DC converter is directly connected to the battery. nd packaging: May 30-Jun 1, 2001, Edinburgh, UK/Uwe F.W. Behringer, Deepak G. Uttamchandani, chairs/editors; sponsored by SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering. the insulator film is a silicon dioxide film. 18. The optical information processing apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the insulator film is a silicon nitride film. 19. An optical information processing apparatus, comprising: a semiconductor arithmetic circuit chip; and a light emitting device array integrated onto the semiconductor arithmetic circuit chip, the light emitting device array comprising a substrate having a through hole and a light emitting device embedded in the through hole; wherein the substrate is one selected from the group consisting of a plastic, a ceramic, a glass, a semiconductor, a metal and a graphite; wherein an insulator film is provided on the surface of the substrate including a side surface of the through hole. 20. The optical information processing apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the insulator film is a silicon dioxide film. 21. The optical information processing apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the insulator film is a silicon nitride film.