[특허]Hydrocarbon combustion power generation system with CO2 sequestration

Clean Energy Systems, Inc.

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Hydrocarbon combustion power generation system with CO2 sequestration

국가/구분	United States(US) Patent 등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)	F01B-021/04
미국특허분류(USC)	060/716; 060/039.6; 060/626; 060/683
출원번호	US-0153080 (2002-05-21)
발명자 / 주소	Viteri, Fermin Taylor, James P. Brandt, Harry Anderson, Roger E.
출원인 / 주소	Clean Energy Systems, Inc.
대리인 / 주소	Heisler & Associates
인용정보	피인용 횟수 : 115 인용 특허 : 91

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A low or no pollution engine is provided for delivering power for vehicles or other power applications. The engine has an air inlet which collects air from a surrounding environment. At least a portion of the nitrogen in the air is removed using a technique such as liquefaction, pressure swing adsorption or membrane based air separation. The remaining gas is primarily oxygen, which is then compressed and routed to a gas generator. The gas generator has an igniter and inputs for the high pressure oxygen and a high pressure hydrogen-containing fuel, such as hydrogen, methane or a light alcohol. The fuel and oxygen are combusted within the gas generator, forming water and carbon dioxide with carbon containing fuels. Water is also delivered into the gas generator to control the temperature of the combustion products. The combustion products are then expanded through a power generating device, such as a turbine or piston expander to deliver output power for operation of a vehicle or other power uses. The combustion products, steam and, with carbon containing fuels, carbon dioxide, are then passed through a condenser where the steam is condensed and the carbon dioxide is collected or discharged. A portion of the water is collected for further processing and use and the remainder is routed back to the gas generator. The carbon dioxide is compressed and cooled so that it is in a liquid phase or super critical state. The dense phase carbon dioxide is then further pressurized to a pressure matching a pressure, less hydrostatic head, existing deep within a porous geological formation, a deep aquifer, a deep ocean location or other terrestrial formation from which return of the CO2 into the atmosphere is inhibited. ne, and said second ends of the first and second stationary regenerators are in selective fluid communication with one of said fluid conduit in communication with the intake manifold and said bleed flow line, said bleed flow line being in fluid communication with said fluid conduit connected to the air-to-air aftercooler. 4. The internal combustion engine, as set forth in claim 3, wherein said engine includes an EGR metering valve disposed between the second ends of the first and second stationary regenerators and the fluid conduit connected to the air-to-air aftercooler and communicating with the intake manifold of the engine. 5. The internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 1, wherein said engine includes a regenerator outlet directional flow control valve in selective communication with the second ends of said first and second stationary regenerators with an EGR metering valve disposed between said regenerator outlet directional flow control valve and said intake manifold of the engine. 6. The internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 1, wherein said engine includes a plurality of combustion chambers and a second exhaust manifold fluidly connected to another one of said plurality of said combustion chambers, said second exhaust manifold having a second primary exhaust outlet and a second EGR exhaust outlet and a second check valve having a second inlet and a second outlet, said second inlet being fluidly coupled to said second EGR exhaust outlet and said second outlet being fluidly coupled to said inlet port of the regenerator directional flow control valve. 7. An EGR system for an internal combustion engine, said internal combustion engine including a block having a plurality of combustion chambers defined therein, an intake manifold in fluid communication with a source of combustion air and said combustion chambers, and a first exhaust manifold fluidly connected to at least one of said plurality of combustion chambers, said first exhaust manifold having a first primary exhaust outlet and a first EGR exhaust outlet, said EGR system comprising: a first check valve having an inlet and an outlet, said inlet being fluidly connected to said first EGR exhaust outlet of the first exhaust manifold; a regenerator directional flow control valve having an inlet port, first and second bidirectional flow ports, and a bleed air discharge port, said inlet port being in fluid communication with the outlet of said first check valve and said bleed air discharge port being in fluid communication with said first exhaust manifold; and first and second stationary regenerators, each of said first and second stationary regenerators having a first end and a second end, the first ends of the stationary regenerators being in fluid communication with a respective one of the first and second bidirectional flow ports of the regenerator directional flow control valve, and the second ends of the stationary regenerators being in selective communication with one of the intake manifold of the engine and said bleed flow line in fluid communication with said intake manifold. 8. The EGR system, as set forth in claim 7, wherein each of said first and second stationary regenerators have a particulate trap associated therewith. 9. The EGR system, as set forth in claim 7, wherein said engine includes a turbocharger having a compressor, an air-to-air aftercooler having an inlet end in fluid communication with said compressor, and an outlet end in fluid communication with the intake manifold of said engine, said second ends of the first and second stationary regenerators of said EGR system being in selective fluid communication with the intake manifold of said engine and said bleed flow line in fluid communication with the outlet end of said air-to-air aftercooler. 10. The EGR system, as set forth in claim 9, wherein said system includes an EGR metering valve disposed between the second ends of the first and second stationary regenerators a nd said intake manifold of the engine. 11. The EGR system, as set forth in claim 10, wherein said EGR system includes a controller coupled to said metering valve to variably position said metering valve between an open position and a closed position whereby said EGR rate is varied. 12. The EGR system, as set forth in claim 11, wherein said EGR system includes a sensor coupled to said controller, said sensor being adapted to monitor a status of at least one of a CO2content of said exhaust gas, a NOxcontent of said exhaust gas, an EGR rate, an engine speed, and an altitude. 13. The EGR system, as set forth in claim 12, wherein said controller variably positions said metering valve between said open position and said closed position to vary said EGR rate in response to an output signal received from said sensor. 14. The EGR system, as set forth in claim 7, wherein said system includes a second exhaust manifold fluidly connected to another at least one of said plurality of said combustion chambers, said second exhaust manifold having a second primary exhaust outlet and a second EGR exhaust outlet; and a second check valve having a second inlet and a second outlet, said second inlet being fluidly coupled to said second EGR exhaust outlet and said second outlet being fluidly coupled to said inlet port of the regenerator directional flow control valve. 15. A method for using an EGR system with an internal combustion engine wherein said engine includes a plurality of combustion chambers, an intake manifold in fluid communication with said combustion chambers, and a first exhaust manifold, and said EGR system includes a first check valve, a regenerator directional flow control valve, and first and second stationary regenerators, said method comprising the steps of: moving the regenerator directional flow control valve to a first position whereby exhaust gas received from the first check valve is directed to a first end of said first stationary regenerator, cooled during passage through said first stationary regenerator, and subsequently discharged from a second end of said first stationary regenerator to said fluid conduit in communication with said intake manifold, and simultaneously a flow of bleed air is directed from a conduit in fluid communication with said intake manifold to a second end of said second stationary regenerator thereby cooling said second stationary regenerator during passage of the bleed air therethrough, and then discharged from a first end of said secondary stationary regenerator and through the EGR directional flow control valve to said first exhaust manifold; and after a preselected time, subsequently moving said regenerator directional flow control valve to a second position whereby exhaust gas received from said first check valve is directed to the first end of said second stationary regenerator, cooled during passage through said secondary stationary regenerator, and then discharged from the second end of the second stationary regenerator to a conduit in fluid communication with the intake manifold of said engine and simultaneously a flow of bleed air is directed from said conduit in communication with said intake manifold to the second end of said first stationary regenerator, thence through the first stationary regenerator whereupon said first stationary regenerator is cooled during passage of the bleed air therethrough, and then discharged from the first end of said first stationary regenerator through the regenerator directional flow control valve to said first exhaust manifold. 16. The method, as set forth in claim 15, wherein said method includes providing a metering valve between the respective second ends of said first and second stationary regenerators and said intake manifold, and varying an EGR rate of said internal combustion engine in response to a modulation of said metering valve. 17. The method, as set forth in claim 15, wherein said method includes the step

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Hydrocarbon combustion power generation system with CO2 sequestration

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Hydrocarbon combustion power generation system with CO2 sequestration

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