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A braking system including (a) a hydraulically operated brake cylinder for operating a brake, (b) a master cylinder operable according to an operation of a manually operable brake operating member, to pressurize a working fluid, (c) a master-cylinder cut-off valve connected to the master cylinder, (

A braking system including (a) a hydraulically operated brake cylinder for operating a brake, (b) a master cylinder operable according to an operation of a manually operable brake operating member, to pressurize a working fluid, (c) a master-cylinder cut-off valve connected to the master cylinder, (d) a high-pressure source such as a power-operated pressure-control cylinder disposed between the master-cylinder cut-off valve and the brake cylinder and operable according to the operation of the brake operating member, to pressurize the fluid, the high-pressure source including a power-operated drive device and a pressure-control cylinder having a control piston which is operable by the power-operated drive device and which partially defines on respective front and rear sides thereof a front control-pressure chamber connected to the brake cylinder, and a rear pressure chamber which is held in communication with the master cylinder, and (e) a braking-pressure control device (200) operable to control the power-operated drive device, to thereby control the pressure of the fluid in the brake cylinder.

대표청구항 ▼

A braking system including (a) a hydraulically operated brake cylinder for operating a brake, (b) a master cylinder operable according to an operation of a manually operable brake operating member, to pressurize a working fluid, (c) a master-cylinder cut-off valve connected to the master cylinder, (

A braking system including (a) a hydraulically operated brake cylinder for operating a brake, (b) a master cylinder operable according to an operation of a manually operable brake operating member, to pressurize a working fluid, (c) a master-cylinder cut-off valve connected to the master cylinder, (d) a high-pressure source such as a power-operated pressure-control cylinder disposed between the master-cylinder cut-off valve and the brake cylinder and operable according to the operation of the brake operating member, to pressurize the fluid, the high-pressure source including a power-operated drive device and a pressure-control cylinder having a control piston which is operable by the power-operated drive device and which partially defines on respective front and rear sides thereof a front control-pressure chamber connected to the brake cylinder, and a rear pressure chamber which is held in communication with the master cylinder, and (e) a braking-pressure control device (200) operable to control the power-operated drive device, to thereby control the pressure of the fluid in the brake cylinder. n another aspect of the invention, the vector of relative light values gathered for each pixel or region of an object illuminated or scanned (i.e., one value for each photodetector) is used to determine reflectance properties of points or regions illuminated on the object or pattern. The reflectance properties may be stored in a matrix and the matrix used to read, for example, a Bar Code of a data matrix symbol. based on said output of said third determining means; and means for reprocessing said purchase based on said reauthorization. 2. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, wherein said presentation means displays said incentive-based advertising. 3. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, wherein said vending machine is a public telephone. 4. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, wherein said vending machine is a wireless or cellular telephone. 5. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, wherein said electronic commerce terminal includes a debit card terminal. 6. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, wherein said electronic commerce terminal includes a credit card terminal. 7. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, wherein said electronic commerce terminal is a coin and/or cash acceptor. 8. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, wherein said interactive user response system includes a touch screen. 9. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, wherein said interactive user response system includes a plurality of pushbuttons. 10. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1 further comprising an infrared communication means connected with said controller for communicating with other said electronic commerce terminals. 11. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, further comprising a magnetic card reader connected with said controller. 12. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, further comprising a light emitting diode indicator means connected with said controller for optically communicating to said user a plurality of status conditions. 13. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, further comprising a hardware security interface means connected with said controller. 14. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, further comprising a voice and/or handwriting capture and recognition means connected to said controller. 15. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, further comprising a biometric reader means connected to said controller. 16.The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, wherein said interactive user response system includes a speaker and a microphone to communicate audio for audio conferencing. 17.The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, wherein said interactive user response system includes a camera to communicate video for video conferencing. 18. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, further comprising: a telephone interface control means connected with said controller for controlling usage of a telecommunication line. 19. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, wherein said product is a service. 20. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, further comprising; an interactive user response system connected with said controller for effectuating user interaction in response to said incentive-based advertising. 21. The electronic commerce terminal in accordance with claim 1, wherein said interactive user response system comprises said presentation means. 22. An electronic commerce terminal operatively connected with a vending machine capable of operating as a telephone, said electronic commerce terminal in conjunction with said vending machine and facilitating a purchase of one or more products, said electronic commerce terminal comprising: a controller for controlling use of said vending machine capable of operating as a telephone; equipment control means connected with said controller for interfacing said controller to said vending machine; identification means for i) accepting at least one of a plurality of identification inputs from said user and ii) effectuating a selective dynamic identification interchange of said at le ast one of said plurality of said identification inputs from said user; storage means in communication with said controller for storing a plurality of advertising referencing terms for at least one of an award and special pricing as an incentive for said user; presentation means in communication with said controller for presenting said user with said advertising based on said dynamic identification interchange; comparison means for comparing said user selection of a product for purchase to said terms for said incentive; and controlling means for controlling a delivery of said incentive to said user in response to said comparison means; determining means for determining whether a period of non-use of said electronic commerce terminal has occurred; second determining means for determining if said period of non-use exceeds a predetermined time period and generating an output signal; generating means for generating an error message based on said output signal from said second determining means; third determining means for determining if at least one of a system limit and an authorization limit of said user is at least one of reached and exceeded and generating an output based on said determination; reauthorizing means for reauthorizing said user based on said output of said third determining means; and reprocessing means for reprocessing said purchase based on said reauthorization. 5878309, 19990300, Nomura et al., 399/111; US-5878310, 19990300, Noda et al., 399/117; US-5923918, 19990700, Nakagawa et al., 399/027; US-5926666, 19990700, Miura et al., 399/025; US-5937237, 19990800, Nonaka et al., 399/106; US-5943529, 19990800, Miyabe et al., 399/111; US-5946531, 19990800, Miura et al., 399/111; US-5950047, 19990900, Miyabe et al., 399/111; US-5966566, 19991000, Odagawa et al., 399/109; US-5966567, 19991000, Matsuzuki et al., 399/111; US-6006058, 19991200, Watanabe et al., 399/167; US-6009289, 19991200, Sekine et al., 399/113; US-6011941, 20000100, Takashima et al., 399/111; US-6029031, 20000200, Yokomori et al., 399/109; US-6041196, 20000300, Nakagawa et al., 399/027; US-6058278, 20000500, Tsuda et al., 399/106; US-6064843, 20000500, Isobe et al., 399/111; US-6070028, 20000500, Odagawa et al., 399/104; US-6072968, 20000600, Nomura et al., 399/113; US-6118958, 20000900, Nagashima, 399/105; US-6173140, 20010100, Suzuki et al., 399/113; US-6173145, 20010100, Chadani et al., 399/265; US-6246853, 20010600, Suzuki et al., 399/262; US-6283390, 20010900, Brendle et al., 239/533.2; US-6351620, 20020200, Miyabe et al., 399/111 048; US-6012130, 20000100, Beyda et al., 711/173; US-6038624, 20000300, Chan et al., 710/103; US-6170028, 20010100, Wallach et al., 710/103; US-6173346, 20010100, Wallach et al., 710/103; US-6179486, 20010100, Wallach et al., 395/283; US-6189109, 20010200, Sheikh et al., 714/001; US-6192434, 20010200, Wallach et al., 710/103; US-6199137, 20010300, Aguilar et al., 710/129; US-6219734, 20010400, Wallach et al., 710/103; US-6247080, 20010600, Wallach et al., 710/103; US-6304929, 20011000, Wallach et al., 710/103