초록 ▼

Any of inorganic and bio-organic substances and molecules, and beads, pucks and like small things, that are both (i) electrically charged to a first polarity, and (ii) immersed in a fluid transport medium within (iii) an electrochemical cell, are assembled and patterned by action of moving these ino

Any of inorganic and bio-organic substances and molecules, and beads, pucks and like small things, that are both (i) electrically charged to a first polarity, and (ii) immersed in a fluid transport medium within (iii) an electrochemical cell, are assembled and patterned by action of moving these inorganic and bio-organic substances and molecules, etc. to a patterned electrode having an opposite, second, polarity under force of an applied electric field. The electrode patterned with conductive areas may be further, separately, patterned with chemicals, for example agarose gel, that chemically accept or reject the substances and molecules, etc., especially as are biological in origin. Living cells of plant, bacterial and animal types may be assembled. A semiconductor electrode may be patterned by masked laser light passed through the other electrode, which is transparent.

대표청구항 ▼

Any of inorganic and bio-organic substances and molecules, and beads, pucks and like small things, that are both (i) electrically charged to a first polarity, and (ii) immersed in a fluid transport medium within (iii) an electrochemical cell, are assembled and patterned by action of moving these ino

Any of inorganic and bio-organic substances and molecules, and beads, pucks and like small things, that are both (i) electrically charged to a first polarity, and (ii) immersed in a fluid transport medium within (iii) an electrochemical cell, are assembled and patterned by action of moving these inorganic and bio-organic substances and molecules, etc. to a patterned electrode having an opposite, second, polarity under force of an applied electric field. The electrode patterned with conductive areas may be further, separately, patterned with chemicals, for example agarose gel, that chemically accept or reject the substances and molecules, etc., especially as are biological in origin. Living cells of plant, bacterial and animal types may be assembled. A semiconductor electrode may be patterned by masked laser light passed through the other electrode, which is transparent. G.F. Directed molecular evolution. Scientific America. 267(6):90-7, (Dec., 1992). Levichkin, et al. A new approach to construction of hybrid genes: homolog recombination method. Molecular. Biology. 29(5)1:572-577 (Jul.-Aug. 1995). Melnikov A. and Youngman PJ. Random mutagenesis by recombinational capture of PCR products in Bacillus subtilis and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. Nucleic Acids Res. Feb. 15, 1999;27(4):1056-62. Pompon D. and Nicolas A. Protein engineering by cDNA recombination in yeasts: Shuffling of mammalian cytochrome p450 functions. Gene 83(1):15-24 (Nov., 1989). Punnonen J. Molecular breeding of allergy vaccines and antiallergic cytokines. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. Mar. 2000;121(3):173-82. Review. Raillard S., et al. Novel enzyme activities and functional plasticity revealed by recombining highly homologous enzymes. Chemistry Biology. Sep. 2001;8(9):891-898. Saiki R.K., et al. Enzymatic amplification of β-globin genomic sequences and restriction site analysis for diagnosis of sickle cell anemia. Science 230(4732):1350-1354, (Dec., 1985). Shao Z., et al. Random-priming in vitro recombination: an effective tool for directed evolution. Nucleic Acids Res. Jan. 15, 1998;26(2):681-3. Sikorski R.S. and Boeke J.D. In vitro mutagenesis and plasmid shuffling: from cloned gene to mutant yeast. Methods Enzymol. 194:302-318 (1991). Stemmer W.P., et al. Single-step assembly of a gene and entire plasmid from large numbers of oligodeoxyribonucleotides. Gene. Oct. 16, 1995;164(1):49-53. Weber H. and Weissmann