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A vehicle fleet management information system identifies location and direction of movement of each vehicle in a fleet in real-time, and automatically reports such information, as well as status of predetermined events in which the vehicle is engaged, directly to the fleet manager. Each fleet vehicl

A vehicle fleet management information system identifies location and direction of movement of each vehicle in a fleet in real-time, and automatically reports such information, as well as status of predetermined events in which the vehicle is engaged, directly to the fleet manager. Each fleet vehicle has an assigned time slot to transmit its reporting information over a communications network without interfering with transmissions from other vehicles in their own respective time slots. A timing control phase lock loop (PLL) provides precise time synchronization for timing corrections from a global positioning system (GPS) based time reference. A dual band full-duplex interface of the network has TDMA on one-half and broadcast on the other half. Microprocessor time processing units in components of the network perform precise clock synchronization. Space diversity performed on received vehicle transmitted messages avoids data corruption. Different vehicles have different periodic transmission intervals, by dynamically allocating the slots for various update rates. Auxiliary reporting slots enable prompt reporting of important data by the respective vehicle transmitters independent of the slower periodic transmission intervals.

대표청구항 ▼

A vehicle fleet management information system identifies location and direction of movement of each vehicle in a fleet in real-time, and automatically reports such information, as well as status of predetermined events in which the vehicle is engaged, directly to the fleet manager. Each fleet vehicl

A vehicle fleet management information system identifies location and direction of movement of each vehicle in a fleet in real-time, and automatically reports such information, as well as status of predetermined events in which the vehicle is engaged, directly to the fleet manager. Each fleet vehicle has an assigned time slot to transmit its reporting information over a communications network without interfering with transmissions from other vehicles in their own respective time slots. A timing control phase lock loop (PLL) provides precise time synchronization for timing corrections from a global positioning system (GPS) based time reference. A dual band full-duplex interface of the network has TDMA on one-half and broadcast on the other half. Microprocessor time processing units in components of the network perform precise clock synchronization. Space diversity performed on received vehicle transmitted messages avoids data corruption. Different vehicles have different periodic transmission intervals, by dynamically allocating the slots for various update rates. Auxiliary reporting slots enable prompt reporting of important data by the respective vehicle transmitters independent of the slower periodic transmission intervals. timulation of a second ventricular stimulation site; and wherein the first and second intervals are different. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of adjusting the intervals includes adjusting a second interval (PV2interval) between a sensed P-wave and a stimulation of a second ventricular stimulation site. 6. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of adjusting the intervals includes adjusting programmable intervals (PV intervals) between a sensed P-wave and stimulation pulses to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein, following the step of adjusting the PV intervals delivering ventricular stimulation to only one ventricular stimulation site per cardiac cycle so that the two or more ventricular stimulation sites are stimulated in an alternating fashion at respective adjusted PV intervals for a predetermined number of cardiac cycles. 8. The method of claim 7, further including the step of measuring an interval (VP interval) from ventricular stimulation pulses delivered to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites, to a subsequently sensed P-wave, during alternating ventricular stimulation delivery. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of identifying two or more ventricular stimulation sites associated with the retrograde conduction pathway includes determining if two or more retrograde conduction pathways exist. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of determining if two or more retrograde conduction pathways exist, includes, for each of the two or more ventricular stimulation sites, the step of measuring a mean interval (mean VP interval) from the ventricular stimulation pulse to a subsequently sensed P-wave. 11. The method of claim 10, further including the step of calculating a standard deviation of the mean interval (VP interval) for each of the two or more ventricular stimulation sites. 12. The method of claim 11, further including the step of comparing the standard deviation of the mean interval for each of the two or more ventricular stimulation sites to a minimum acceptable value. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein if the standard deviation associated with a ventricular stimulation site is less than the minimum acceptable value, a retrograde conduction pathway is detected for the associated ventricular stimulation site. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein if retrograde conduction is detected for two or more ventricular stimulation sites, confirming retrograde conduction by a mathematical relationship between a change in an atrial rate and a change in the interval (VP interval) from the ventricular stimulation pulse delivered to the associated ventricular simulation site. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the step of confirming retrograde conduction includes the step of confirming retrograde conduction for two or more pathways. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein upon confirming retrograde conduction for two or more pathways, automatically adjusting an operating parameter. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein automatically adjusting the operating parameter includes extending a post-ventricular atrial blanking period. 18. The method of claim 16, automatically adjusting the operating parameter includes extending a post ventricular atrial refractory period to be longer than a longest retrograde conduction time, to terminate pacemaker-mediated tachycardia by preventing atrial sensing of a retrograde P-wave. 19. The method of claim 15, wherein upon confirming retrograde conduction for two or more pathways, automatically adjusting stimulation parameters so that a pacemaker-mediated tachycardia is terminated. 20. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of alternating stimulation to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites includes delivering stimulation to only one ventricular stimulation site per cardiac cycle. 21. A cardiac stimulation device for detecting retrograde conduction from a ventricular stimulation site to avoid pacemaker-mediat ed tachycardia during substantially concurrent, multi-site ventricular stimulation, comprising: an atrial sensor that senses atrial events; a pulse generator that generates stimulation pulses to be delivered to the ventricles; a control circuit, connected to the atrial sensor and pulse generator, that controls the pulse generator to generate stimulation pulses at a rate based on the sensed atrial events, and that causes a high intrinsic atrial rate to trigger a retrograde conduction detection routine when a high ventricular stimulation rate is sustained for a predetermined number of cycles during an atrial sensing mode; a ventricular sensor that identifies two or more ventricular stimulation sites associated with a retrograde conduction pathway; and wherein the control circuit temporarily interrupts substantially concurrent stimulations to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites, and alternates the stimulation of the two or more ventricular stimulation sites. 22. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 21, wherein the retrograde conduction detection routine is operative to adjust an interval between a sensed atrial event and the stimulation delivered to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites. 23. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 22, wherein the intervals between the sensed P-wave and the stimulation delivered to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites, include an adjusted first interval (PV1interval) between a sensed P-wave and a stimulation of a first ventricular stimulation site. 24. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 23, wherein the intervals between the sensed P-wave and the stimulation delivered to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites, include an adjusted interval (PV2interval) between a sensed P-wave and stimulation of a second ventricular stimulation site; and wherein the first and second intervals are distinct. 25. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 22, wherein the intervals between the sensed P-wave and the stimulation delivered to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites, include a second adjusted interval (PV2interval) between a sensed P-wave and a stimulation of a second ventricular stimulation site. 26. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 22, wherein the intervals between the sensed P-wave and the stimulation delivered to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites, include adjustable intervals (PV intervals) between a sensed P-wave and stimulation pulses to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites. 27. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 26, wherein the control circuit alternates stimulation to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites by delivering stimulation to only one ventricular stimulation site per cardiac cycle, so that the two or more ventricular stimulation sites are stimulated in an alternating fashion at respective adjusted PV intervals for a predetermined number of cardiac cycles. 28. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 27, wherein the control circuit further measures an interval (VP interval) from ventricular stimulation pulses delivered to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites, to a subsequently sensed P-wave, during alternating ventricular stimulation delivery. 29. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 28, wherein the ventricular sensor identifies two or more ventricular stimulation sites associated with the retrograde conduction pathway by determining if two or more retrograde conduction pathways exist. 30. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 21, wherein the control circuit alternates stimulation to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites by delivering stimulation to only one ventricular stimulation site per cardiac cycle. 31. A cardiac stimulation device for detecting retrograde conduction from a ventricular stimulation site to avoid pacemaker-mediated tachycardia during multi-site ventricular stimulation, comprising: means for stimulating the ventricles; means for triggering a retrograde conduction detection routine when a high ventricular stimulation rate is sustained for a predetermined number of cycles during an atrial sensing mode; means for identifying two or more ventricular stimulation sites associated with a retrograde conduction pathway; and wherein the triggering means temporarily interrupts substantially concurrent stimulations to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites, and alternates the stimulation of the two or more ventricular stimulation sites. 32. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 31, wherein the retrograde conduction detection routine is operative to adjust an interval between a sensed atrial event and the stimulation delivered to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites. 33. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 32, wherein the intervals between the sensed P-wave and the stimulation delivered to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites, include an adjusted first interval (PV1interval) between a sensed P-wave and a stimulation of a first ventricular stimulation site. 34. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 33, wherein the intervals between the sensed P-wave and the stimulation delivered to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites, include an adjusted interval (PV2interval) between a sensed P-wave and stimulation of a second ventricular stimulation site; and wherein the first and second intervals are distinct. 35. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 32, wherein the intervals between the sensed P-wave and the stimulation delivered to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites, include a second adjusted interval (PV2interval) between a sensed P-wave and a stimulation of a second ventricular stimulation site. 36. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 32, wherein the intervals between the sensed P-wave and the stimulation delivered to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites, include adjustable intervals (PV intervals) between a sensed P-wave and stimulation pulses to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites. 37. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 36, wherein the triggering means alternates stimulation to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites by delivering stimulation to only one ventricular stimulation site per cardiac cycle, so that the two or more ventricular stimulation sites are stimulated in an alternating fashion at respective adjusted PV intervals for a predetermined number of cardiac cycles. 38. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 37, wherein the triggering means further measures an interval (VP interval) from ventricular stimulation pulses delivered to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites, to a subsequently sensed P-wave, during alternating ventricular stimulation delivery. 39. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 38, wherein the ventricular sensor identifies two or more ventricular stimulation sites associated with the retrograde conduction pathway by determining if two or more retrograde conduction pathways exist. 40. The cardiac stimulation device of claim 31, wherein the triggering means alternates stimulation to the two or more ventricular stimulation sites by delivering stimulation to only one ventricular stimulation site per cardiac cycle. ionary object and the reference axis; and determining a correction value for the relative angle on the basis of one of: a set including the relative angle, the relative distance, and a velocity of the motor vehicle, and a set including the longitudinal displacement, the transverse displacement, and the velocity of the motor vehicle. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of: determining a correction value for a yaw rate supplied by a yaw-rate sensor on the basis of the relative angle, the correction value for the relative angle, the relative distance, the relative velocity, the velocity of the motor vehicle, and the yaw rate. 3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of: determining a yaw rate of the motor vehicle on the basis of the relative angle, the correction value for the relative angle, the relative distance, the relative velocity, and the velocity of the motor vehicle. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein: the method is implemented independently of a current driving situation of the motor vehicle. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein: the method is implemented independently of a cornering. 6. A device for detecting a misalignment in a motor vehicle radar system, comprising: an arrangement for emitting an electromagnetic wave; an arrangement for receiving an electromagnetic wave reflected by a stationary object to detect the stationary object; an arrangement for determining on the basis of the emitted electromagnetic wave and the reflected electromagnetic wave a relative velocity between the detected stationary object and a motor vehicle and one of the following: a set including a relative angle and a relative distance between the detected stationary object and a reference axis of the motor vehicle, and a set including a longitudinal displacement and a transverse displacement between the detected stationary object and the reference axis; and an arrangement for determining a correction value for the relative angle on the basis of one of: a set including the relative angle, the relative distance, and a velocity of the motor vehicle, and a set including the longitudinal displacement, the transverse displacement, and the velocity of the motor vehicle. 7. A method for detecting a misalignment in a motor vehicle radar system, comprising the steps of: emitting a signal; receiving a signal reflected by a stationary object to detect the stationary object; determining on the basis of the emitted signal and the reflected signal a relative velocity between the detected stationary object and a motor vehicle and one of the following: a set including a relative angle and a relative distance between the detected stationary object and a reference axis of the motor vehicle, and a set including a longitudinal displacement and a transverse displacement between the detected stationary object and the reference axis; and determining a correction value for the relative angle on the basis of one of: a set including the relative angle, the relative distance, and a velocity of the motor vehicle, and a set including the longitudinal displacement, the transverse displacement, and the velocity of the motor vehicle. 8. A device for detecting a misalignment in a motor vehicle radar system, comprising: an arrangement for emitting a signal; an arrangement for receiving a signal reflected by a stationary object to detect the stationary object; an arrangement for determining on the basis of the emitted signal and the reflected signal a relative velocity between the detected stationary object and a motor vehicle and one of the following: a set including a relative angle and a relative distance between the detected stationary object and a reference axis of the motor vehicle, and a set including a longitudinal displacement and a transverse displacement between the detected stationary object and the reference axis; and an arrangem ent for determining a correction value for the relative angle on the basis of one of: a set including the relative angle, the relative distance, and a velocity of the motor vehicle, and a set including the longitudinal displacement, the transverse displacement, and the velocity of the motor vehicle. history list obtained by making calculations from the inspected result. The inspection history list shows a matrix of first information as the inspection processes in which the work is inspected or the manufacturing processes corresponding to the inspection processes in which the work is inspected and second information as to the works inspected by the inspection machine. imulated by means for bipolar stimulation. 17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said cranial nerve is stimulated by means for unipolar stimulation. 18. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, said external stimulator further compromises means to lockout at least one of said at least two predetermined programs to the patient. 19. A system for adjunct (add-on) therapy for obesity and compulsive eating disorders by neuromodulating a vagus nerve of a patient, that can be remotely controlled using the internet, comprising, a) an implantable lead-receiver comprising circuitry, a secondary coil, and at least one electrode adapted to be in contact with said vagus nerve; b) an ambulatory external stimulator for delivering therapy for obesity and compulsive eating disorders wherein said external stimulator comprising a power source, circuitry to emit electrical signals, a computer readable medium encoded with at least two pre-determined programs of said electrical signals, and a primary coil; c) a regulation means to regulate said electric signals delivered from said external stimulator to said implantable lead-receiver; d) said primary coil and said secondary coil being capable of forming an electrical connection by inductive coupling; e) a telemetry means for remotely controlling said predetermined programs over the internet, whereby said system delivers neuromodulation therapy for obesity and compulsive eating disorders which can be remotely controlled over the internet. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein said external stimulator further comprises a means for patient override mechanism to manually activate said external stimulator means. 21. The system of claim 19, wherein said system further comprises means to modify said at least two predetermined programs controlling said electrical signals. 22. The system of claim 19, wherein said system further comprising a means of selective operation of one of said at least two predetermined programs. 23. The system of claim 19, wherein said system further comprises a means for proximity sensing between said primary and said secondary coils. 24. The system of claim 19, wherein said neuromodulation of vagus nerve comprises bilateral neuromodulation of vagus nerve. 25. The system of claim 19, wherein said bilateral neuromodulation of vagus nerve comprises subdiaphramatic level neuromodulation. 26. The system of claim 24, wherein said bilateral neuromodulation of vagus nerve further comprises neck level neuromodulation. 27. The system of claim 19, wherein said wireless internet remote control utilizes wireless access protocol (WAP). 28. The system of claim 19, wherein said lead-receiver further comprises a lead body with at least one lumen, a lead body insulation, a conductor. 29. The system of claim 28, wherein said at least one lumen is selected from the group consisting of single, double, triple and coaxial lumens. 30. The system of claim 28 wherein said lead body insulation is selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, silicone, and silicone with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). 31. The system of claim 28 wherein said lead body further comprises a coating selected from the group consisting of lubricious PVP, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory coatings. 32. The system of claim 28 wherein said electrode comprises a material selected from the group consisting of platinum, platinum/iridium alloy, platinum/iridium alloy coated with titanium nitride and carbon. 33. The system of claim 28 wherein said electrode is selected from the group consisting of, spiral electrodes, hydrogel electrodes, steroid eluting electrodes, and standard ball electrodes. 34. The system of claim 19, wherein said electrical signals comprise at least one variable component selected from the group consisting of the current amplitude, pulse width, frequency and on-off timing sequence, and said at least two predetermined programs controls said variable component of said electrical signals. 35. The system of clai m 19, wherein said vagus nerve is neuromodulated by means for bipolar stimulation. 36. The system of claim 19, wherein said cranial nerve is neuromodulated by means for unipolar stimulation. 37. The system of claim 19, wherein, said external stimulator further compromises means to lockout at least one of said at least two predetermined programs to the patient. 38. A method for neuromodulating a vagus nerve for treatment of obesity and compulsive eating disorders, comprising; a) selecting a predetermined program to control the output of an external stimulator; b) activating said external stimulator to emit electrical signals in accordance with said predetermined program; and c) inductively coupling said external stimulator with an implantable lead-receiver to stimulate a vagus nerve, d) regulating said electric signals delivered from said external stimulator to said implantable lead-receiver by regulation means, whereby neuromodulation therapy is provided to said vagus nerve for treatment of obesity and compulsive eating disorders. 39. The method of claim 38, further comprising implanting beneath the skin of a patient said lead-receiver adapted to be in electrical contact with said vagus nerve. 40. A method of treating obesity and compulsive eating disorders by providing pulsed electrical stimulation to a vagus nerve of a patient, comprising the steps of: a) providing an implantable lead-receiver comprising, circuitry, a secondary coil, and at least one electrode adapted to be in contact with said vagus nerve; b) providing an external stimulator for providing therapy for obesity and compulsive eating disorders; said stimulator comprising circuitry to emit electrical signals, at least two predetermined programs to control said electrical signals, a primary coil and a power supply; c) activating one of said at least two programs of said external stimulator; d) inductively transferring said electrical signals from said primary coil to said secondary coil; whereby said electrical signals stimulate the vagus nerve according to at least one of said at least two predetermined programs to provide therapy for obesity and compulsive eating disorders. 41. The method of claim 40, wherein said vagus nerve is a left vagus nerve. 42. The method of claim 40, wherein said external stimulator further comprises means to modify said predetermined programs controlling said electrical signals. 43. The method of claim 40, wherein a proximity sensing means is used for optimally positioning the primary coil relative to said secondary coil. 44. The method of claim 40, wherein said external stimulator has wireless communication means to remotely control said at least two predetermined programs. 45. The method of claim 40, wherein said vagus nerve is stimulated by means for bipolar stimulation. 46. The method of claim 40, wherein said cranial nerve is stimulated by means for unipolar stimulation. 47. The method of claim 40, further comprising means for manually controlling said electrical signals to stimulate said vagus nerve. 48. The method of claim 40, wherein a) said electrical signals comprise at least one variable component selected from the group consisting of the current amplitude, pulse width, frequency, and on-off timing sequence; and b) said at least two predetermined programs controls said variable component of said electrical signals. 49. The method of claim 40, further comprising a means to manually disengage said at least two predetermined programs. 50. The method of claim 40, wherein, said stimulator further compromises means to lock out at least one of said at least two predetermined programs to the patent. 51. A method of providing adjunct (add-on) therapy for obesity and compulsive eating disorders by electrical stimulation of a vagus nerve of a patient, comprising the steps of: a) providing an implantable lead-receiver comprising, circuitry, a secondary coil, and at least one electrode adapted to be in contact with said vagus nerve; b) providing an external stimulator comprising, circuitry to emit electrical signals, at least two predetermined programs of electrical signals to provide therapy for obesity and compulsive eating disorders, an external coil and a power supply; c) activating one of said at least two predetermined programs of said external stimulator; d) inductively transferring said electrical signals from said primary coil to said secondary coil; e) providing regulating means to adjust electric signals transferred from said primary coil to said secondary coil of said implantable lead-receiver; whereby, said electrical signals stimulate said vagus nerve according to at least one of said at least two predetermined programs for providing therapy for obesity and compulsive eating disorders. 52. The method of claim 51, wherein stimulation to said vagus nerve comprises bilateral vagus stimulation. 53. The method of claim 51, wherein said vagus nerve stimulation comprises subdiaphramatic level stimulation. 54. The method of claim 51, wherein said vagus nerve stimulation comprises stimulation at the neck level. 55. The method of claim 51, wherein said external stimulator further comprises means to modify said at least two predetermined programs controlling said electrical signals. 56. The method of claim 51, wherein a proximity sensing means is used for optimally positioning said primary coil relative to said secondary coil. 57. The method of claim 51, wherein said external stimulator has wireless communication means to remotely control said at least two predetermined programs. 58. The method of claim 57, wherein, said wireless communication means utilizes Wireless Access Protocol (WAP). 59. The method of claim 51, wherein said vagus nerve is stimulated by means for bipolar stimulation. 60. The method of claim 51, wherein said cranial nerve is stimulated by means for unipolar stimulation. 61. The method of claim 51, further comprising means to activate one of said at least two predetermined programs manually. 62. The method of claim 51, wherein a) said electrical signals comprise at least one variable component selected from the group consisting of the current amplitude, pulse width, frequency, and on-off timing sequence; and b) said at least two predetermined programs controls said variable component of said electrical signals. 63. The method of claim 51, wherein, said stimulator further compromises means to lock out at least one of said at least two predetermined programs to the patient. n the design model comprises a three-dimensional model, the model data details a three-dimensional construction of the design model, and the first image elements detail a two-dimensional representation of the design model. 7. The method of claim 5 wherein the structural features comprises structural features selected from the group consisting of edges, vertices, surfaces, intersections of surfaces, and intersections of components. 8. The method of claim 1 further comprising: processing the model data to generate a second plurality of image elements representing a second projected view of the design model that is different from the first projected view and to generate second tag data associating each of the second image elements with at least one of the components; and storing the second plurality of image elements and the second tag data in a drawing document. 9. A computer-implemented method for processing a drawing document generated by a computer aided design system, the method comprising: processing a drawing document to display a view of a design model on a computer display terminal, the drawing document comprising: a plurality of image elements that can be rendered to display the view, and tag data associating each image element with at least one of a plurality of components of the design model, at least two of the components being specified in separately stored data documents; receiving a user input selecting one of the image elements; receiving supplementary data; and linking the supplementary data to a first model component based on the tag data associating the selected image element with the first model component. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein: the selected image element represents an intersection between a surface of the first model component and a surface of a second model component; the tag data associating the selected image element with the first model component further associates the selected image element with the second model component; and linking the supplementary data to the first model component further comprises linking the supplementary data to the second model component. 11. The method of claim 10 wherein: the first model component is specified in a first data document; the second model component is specified in a second data document; the intersection between the first and second model components is specified in a third data document; the first, second, and third data documents are stored separately from each other; and the tag data associating the selected image element with the first model component and with the second model component comprises an identifier of the surface of the first model component and an identifier of the surface of the second model component. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein the supplementary data comprises an annotation comprising a measurement of the intersection. 13. The method of claim 9 wherein the supplementary data comprises a text annotation and linking the supplementary data comprises configuring a position of display of the text annotation relative to the first image element. 14. The method of claim 9 further comprising: storing an updated drawing document comprising the plurality of image elements, the tag data, the supplementary data, and data identifying the linking of the supplementary data to the first model component. 15. The method of claim 9 further comprising: changing a dimension of the first model component to produce an updated model component; generating an updated drawing document comprising an updated plurality of image elements and tag data associating each of the updated plurality of image elements with at least one of the updated plurality of components; wherein: the updated plurality of components comprises the updated model component, the updated plurality of image elements comprises a first updated image element associated with the updated model component, the tag data associating the first ima