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A brake operating speed detecting device includes a plurality of filters having different cut-off frequencies and inputs thereto a vehicle body deceleration that changes at the time of braking. The state of distribution of output values obtained through the filters, or the difference d between the o

A brake operating speed detecting device includes a plurality of filters having different cut-off frequencies and inputs thereto a vehicle body deceleration that changes at the time of braking. The state of distribution of output values obtained through the filters, or the difference d between the output values, corresponds to the rising speed of the vehicle body deceleration. Because the rising speed corresponds to the brake operating speed, the brake operating speed can be detected from the state of distribution of the output values or the difference d.

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A brake operating speed detecting device includes a plurality of filters having different cut-off frequencies and inputs thereto a vehicle body deceleration that changes at the time of braking. The state of distribution of output values obtained through the filters, or the difference d between the o

A brake operating speed detecting device includes a plurality of filters having different cut-off frequencies and inputs thereto a vehicle body deceleration that changes at the time of braking. The state of distribution of output values obtained through the filters, or the difference d between the output values, corresponds to the rising speed of the vehicle body deceleration. Because the rising speed corresponds to the brake operating speed, the brake operating speed can be detected from the state of distribution of the output values or the difference d. springs are symmetrically positioned relative to said guide aperture and wherein said first position is generally centered in said guide aperture. atus for presenting the game are disclosed. One embodiment of the method comprises the steps of a player placing a wager, spinning a plurality of first reels having indicia thereon, determining if indicia displayed by the plurality of first reels associated with a first pay line comprises a predetermined winning combination, and if so, paying a first award and then associating that first award with at least one bonus reel, permitting a player to spin the at least one bonus reel or otherwise participate in the bonus event, and determining if an award associated with the at least one bonus reel is associated with a second pay line, and if so, paying a bonus award. In one embodiment, the gaming device includes three first mechanical or video-generated reels for playing the first game, one second mechanical or video-generated reel for playing the bonus event, and associated mechanisms for accepting wagers, paying winnings, and associating win amounts from the first game with the at least one bonus reel. which mechanism senses the instantaneous pressure at which the lead article of the stack is pressed against the singulation head. A feedback control may be provided responsive to a difference between the detected instantaneous pressure and a desired target pressure for controlling at least one drive member in a manner so as to reduce such difference. Where there is a pick window of instantaneous pressure at which singulation can be effectively performed, a control may also be provided to inhibit operation of the singulation head when the instantaneous pressure is outside the pick window. Two vertically spaced pressure sensors may be provided on the singulation head to detect the angle at which the lead article is presented to the head and controls may be provided for the drive mechanism(s) to reduce the difference between the instantaneous angle detected and an optimum angle for singulation and/or to inhibit operation of the singulation head when the instantaneous angle is outside of a range where singulation may be effectively performed. The sensor preferably includes a lever extending from the surface of the singulation head which is moved by a distance dependant on the pressure applied thereto. A servo motor may be connected to the lever to apply a bias pressure thereto which bias pressure is determined by a control signal applied to the motor. The sensor may also include a position encoder generating an output indicative of lever position.