Method and system for preparing tissue samples for histological and pathological examination
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F25D-017/02
F25B-019/00
C12N-005/00
출원번호
US-0034999
(2001-12-28)
발명자
/ 주소
Prien, Samuel D.
Blanton, John
Wood, Brian
Cassell, Allan J.
출원인 / 주소
Supachill Technologies Pty. Ltd.
대리인 / 주소
Galasso, Raymond M.Simon, Galasso & Frantz PLC
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
4인용 특허 :
25
초록▼
Viable biological material is cryogenically preserved (cryopreservation) by immersing the material in a tank of cooling fluid, and circulating the cooling fluid past the material at a substantially constant predetermined velocity and temperature to freeze the material. The material may either be dir
Viable biological material is cryogenically preserved (cryopreservation) by immersing the material in a tank of cooling fluid, and circulating the cooling fluid past the material at a substantially constant predetermined velocity and temperature to freeze the material. The material may either be directly plunged into the cooling fluid without preparation, or chemically prepared prior to freezing. A method according to the present invention freezes the biologic material quickly enough to avoid the formation of ice crystals within cell structures (vitrification) and allows the samples to maintain anatomical structure and remain biochemically active after thaw. The temperature of the cooling fluid is preferably between -20 degrees centigrade and -30 degrees centigrade, which is warm enough to minimize the formation of stress fractures and other artefacts in cell membranes due to thermal changes. Cells frozen using a method according to the present invention have been shown to have a significantly less cellular and intercellular damage than cells frozen by other cryopreservation methods used for pathological and histological techniques. Because the present invention can freeze biological material such that the material is vitrified, biochemical activity within the cell is not lost after freezing and thus various embodiments of the present method may be employed in a system to prepare biological material for the newer techniques of cryopathology and immunohistochemistry in the areas of research and patient care.
대표청구항▼
Viable biological material is cryogenically preserved (cryopreservation) by immersing the material in a tank of cooling fluid, and circulating the cooling fluid past the material at a substantially constant predetermined velocity and temperature to freeze the material. The material may either be dir
Viable biological material is cryogenically preserved (cryopreservation) by immersing the material in a tank of cooling fluid, and circulating the cooling fluid past the material at a substantially constant predetermined velocity and temperature to freeze the material. The material may either be directly plunged into the cooling fluid without preparation, or chemically prepared prior to freezing. A method according to the present invention freezes the biologic material quickly enough to avoid the formation of ice crystals within cell structures (vitrification) and allows the samples to maintain anatomical structure and remain biochemically active after thaw. The temperature of the cooling fluid is preferably between -20 degrees centigrade and -30 degrees centigrade, which is warm enough to minimize the formation of stress fractures and other artefacts in cell membranes due to thermal changes. Cells frozen using a method according to the present invention have been shown to have a significantly less cellular and intercellular damage than cells frozen by other cryopreservation methods used for pathological and histological techniques. Because the present invention can freeze biological material such that the material is vitrified, biochemical activity within the cell is not lost after freezing and thus various embodiments of the present method may be employed in a system to prepare biological material for the newer techniques of cryopathology and immunohistochemistry in the areas of research and patient care. the preparation of tetrafluorobenzene derivatives of the formula (I): in which R is CF3,CN or COF, comprising: reacting a chlorobenzyene derivative of the formula (II): in which R is as defined for Formula (I) and X1,X2and X3,independently of one another, are each F or Cl, with potassium fluoride in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst under an initial pressure of from 1.3 to 6 bar and at an initial temperature of from 160 to 230° C., such that the compound (I) is continuously distilled off through a column, and subsequently setting the temperature and pressure conditions such that remaining fractions of the compound (I) distill off together with 2,3,4-trifluoro-5-chloro compound. 2. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the initial reaction temperature is in the range from 190 to 230° C. 3. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein, for a given reaction temperature, the pressure is initially set such that the respective compound of the formula (I) is continuously distilled off. 4. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the initial pressure is at from 2 to 4 bar. 5. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein, when virtually no more of compound of the formula (I) passes over, the pressure is reduced to from 50 to 200 mbar. 6. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in formula (II) X1,X2and X3are chlorine. 7. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein mixtures of compounds of the formula (II) in which X1,X2and X3are chlorine, with compounds of the formula (II) in which X1,X2and X3 are fluorine are used. 8. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solvent used is a dipolar aprotic solvent. 9. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the catalyst used is a phase transfer catalyst.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (25)
Rojey Alexandre (Vanves FRX), Absorption process for heat conversion.
Fisher Robyn (15555 N. Oracle Rd. Tucson AZ 85737) Brendel Klaus (3231 N. Manor Dr. Tucson AZ 85715), Cold and cryo-preservation methods for human tissue slices.
Rolland Laurence (Sceaux FRX) Bertoochio Ren (Vourles Par Vernaison FRX) Cheron Jacques (Maisons Laffite FRX), Compositions based on chlorofluorinated ether and solvent and their application in absorption apparatus.
Coelho Philip Henry (El Dorado Hills CA) Wolf Terry (Placerville CA) Rubinstein Pablo (New Rochelle NY), Method and apparatus for cryogenic storage of thermolabile products.
Sippola Pertti J. (Espoo FIX), Method for controlling the thickness of an intermetallic layer on a continuous steel product in a continuous hot-dip gal.
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