초록 ▼

A method of electrostatically coating a substrate including the steps of applying a surface treatment composition to the substrate to induce conductivity, applying a charge to the substrate after applying the surface treatment and electrostatically applying a coating to the substrate, and articles m

A method of electrostatically coating a substrate including the steps of applying a surface treatment composition to the substrate to induce conductivity, applying a charge to the substrate after applying the surface treatment and electrostatically applying a coating to the substrate, and articles made therefrom. The surface treatment composition includes a halogen, halogen salt, or halogen complex.

대표청구항 ▼

A method of electrostatically coating a substrate including the steps of applying a surface treatment composition to the substrate to induce conductivity, applying a charge to the substrate after applying the surface treatment and electrostatically applying a coating to the substrate, and articles m

A method of electrostatically coating a substrate including the steps of applying a surface treatment composition to the substrate to induce conductivity, applying a charge to the substrate after applying the surface treatment and electrostatically applying a coating to the substrate, and articles made therefrom. The surface treatment composition includes a halogen, halogen salt, or halogen complex. or including a reactor core region around a central axis of said reactor, a reactor inlet region adjacent to a first end of said reactor core region, and a reactor outlet region adjacent to a second end of said reactor core region; (b) a reactor feed inlet for feeding a fluid reactant stream to said reactor inlet region; (c) a first annular-shaped catalyst bed region of said reactor interior radially surrounding said reactor core region, said first annular-shaped region being defined by substantially concentric first bed inner and outer walls of a porous material of suitable mesh size to retain a first bed of catalyst material therein while permitting fluid flow therethrough; (d) a second annular-shaped region radially surrounding said first annular-shaped region wherein the outer wall of said first annular-shaped region also defines the inner wall of said second annular-shaped region; (e) a reactor product outlet for withdrawing a fluid reactor product stream from said reactor outlet region; (f) a plurality of axially-disposed heat exchange tubes located outside of said catalyst bed region in said reactor core region alongside said first bed inner wall, in said second annular-shaped region alongside said first bed outer wall, or both; further wherein said reactor interior defines a fluid stream flow path consisting sequentially of: a first axial segment running substantially axially from said reactor inlet region into the reactor core region without passing through any part of said catalyst bed region; a radial segment running substantially radially from said reactor core region across any heat exchange tubes alongside said first bed inner wall, through said catalyst bed region, across any heat exchange tubes alongside said first bed outer wall and into said second annular-shaped region; and a second axial segment running substantially axially from said second annular-shaped region to said reactor outlet region. 2. A radial flow reactor apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said heat exchange tubes are located in said reactor core region. 3. A radial flow reactor apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said heat exchange tubes are of suitable shape, number and size, and are suitably positioned relative to said first catalyst bed region, so as to provide substantially axially uniform thermal energy exchange to the fluid stream before it flows radially into said first catalyst bed region, after it flows radially out of said first catalyst bed region, or both. 4. A radial flow reactor apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said heat exchange tubes are spaced apart and arranged in a generally circular configuration proximate to said first bed inner wall, or said first bed outer wall, or both. 5. A radial flow reactor apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said heat exchange tubes are spaced apart and arranged in a generally circular configuration alongside said first bed outer wall. 6. A radial flow reactor apparatus according to claim 1 wherein at least some of said heat exchange tubes include fin members. 7. A radial flow reactor apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said heat exchange tubes comprise a plurality of axially-disposed heat exchange tubes carrying a flowing heat transfer medium. 8. A radial flow reactor apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said heat exchange tubes comprise a plurality of thermally conductive, axially-disposed heat exchange tubes, each containing means for internal controlled combustion of a combustible material and means for feeding the combustible material and an oxidant to the inside of said tubes. 9. A radial flow reactor apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said heat exchange tubes comprise a plurality of axially-disposed heat exchange tubes filled with a heat transfer medium and means for heating or cooling said heat transfer medium. 10. A radial flow reactor apparatus according to claim 9 wherein said means for heating comprises an electrical resistance heater. 11. A radial flo