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A method and apparatus for controlling a variable displacement hydraulic pump having a swashplate pivotally attached to the pump. The method and apparatus includes determining a desired swashplate angle as a function of a power limit of the pump, determining an actual swashplate angle, determining a

A method and apparatus for controlling a variable displacement hydraulic pump having a swashplate pivotally attached to the pump. The method and apparatus includes determining a desired swashplate angle as a function of a power limit of the pump, determining an actual swashplate angle, determining a value of discharge pressure of the pump, moving a servo valve spool to a desired position as a function of the desired swashplate angle, the actual swashplate angle and the discharge pressure, and responsively moving the swashplate to the desired swashplate angle position.

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A method and apparatus for controlling a variable displacement hydraulic pump having a swashplate pivotally attached to the pump. The method and apparatus includes determining a desired swashplate angle as a function of a power limit of the pump, determining an actual swashplate angle, determining a

A method and apparatus for controlling a variable displacement hydraulic pump having a swashplate pivotally attached to the pump. The method and apparatus includes determining a desired swashplate angle as a function of a power limit of the pump, determining an actual swashplate angle, determining a value of discharge pressure of the pump, moving a servo valve spool to a desired position as a function of the desired swashplate angle, the actual swashplate angle and the discharge pressure, and responsively moving the swashplate to the desired swashplate angle position. for causing behavioral modifications in animals by altering retinal responses to stimuli, comprising the steps of: providing said animals with eyes capable of having said retinal responses; providing said stimuli before said eyes, said stimuli having adjustable parameters and creating said retinal responses in said eyes; measuring and evaluating said retinal responses of said eyes; adjusting said parameters of said stimuli before said eyes and repeating said step of measuring and evaluating said retinal responses of said eyes; designating optimal retinal responses from said measured and evaluated retinal responses; determining parameters of said stimuli for said optimal retinal responses; duplicating said parameters of said optimal retinal responses on various types of stimuli which said animals will encounter; and wherein said stimuli having said duplicated parameters of said optimal retinal responses allow said animal to more quickly and accurately perceive said stimuli having said duplicated parameters causing said animal to modify its behavior. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein: said animals are avians; said stimuli are markings on wind turbines; wherein said markings having parameters of said optimal responses will cause said avians to alter their behavior in response to seeing said markings on any stimuli. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein: said parameters are at least one of: a) size of said stimuli, b) shape of said stimuli, c) color of said stimuli, d) frequency of said stimuli, e) location of said stimuli, f) velocity of said stimuli, g) retinal velocity of said stimuli, h) distance from a center of said stimuli to its perimeter, i) number or amount of said stimuli, and j) distance of said stimuli from said eyes; wherein said markings causing optimal retinal response will allow said avians to acknowledge said wind turbines quicker than they would without said markings and modify their behavior. 12. A method for detecting and altering motion smears in animals, comprising the steps of: providing said animals with eyes capable of having said motion smears; providing a stimuli before said eyes, said stimuli having adjustable parameters and creating said motion smears in said eyes; measuring and evaluating said motion smears; adjusting said parameters of said stimuli before said eyes and repeating said step of measuring and evaluating said motion smears; designating optimal responses from said measured and evaluated motion smears; determining parameters of said stimuli for said optimal responses; and wherein said parameters of said optimal response can be duplicated on various types of stimuli allowing said animals to more quickly and accurately perceive the stimuli with the duplicated parameters as they encounter it in their natural environment and the animals can then modify their behavior accordingly. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein: said adjustable parameters are at least one of: a) size of said stimuli, b) shape of said stimuli, c) color and shade of said stimuli, d) frequency of said stimuli, e) location of said stimuli, f) velocity of said stimuli, g) retinal velocity of said stimuli, h) distance from a center of said stimuli to a perimeter of said stimuli, i) number or amount of said stimuli, and j) distance of said stimuli from said eyes; and wherein changing one or more of said parameters changes said motion smear on said eyes of said animals. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein: said animals are avians; and said stimuli are markings on wind turbines; wherein said markings having the same parameters as those of the optimal responses will allow the avians to see said wind turbines earlier than they would without said markings and change their flight path in response to perceiving said markings so as to avoid flying into said wind turbines. 15. A method of reducing bird collisions with a rotating wind turbine having a plurality of blad es, comprising the step of coating only one of said plurality of blades with a solid color. 16. A method according to claim 15, wherein said solid color is black. 17. A method according to claim 16, wherein a remainder of said blades are white. 18. An apparatus for altering retinal velocity in an avian animal comprising: a rotating element having a plurality of blades, said blades vreating a retinal image having a retinal velocity in eyes of said avian animal, only one of said blades being black and a remainder being blank so that, when rotating, the retinal velocity in a flying avian animal is altered, enabling redirection of flight paths and avoidance of collision. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein said remainder blades are white. 20. A method according to claim 16, wherein said rotating wind turbine comprises three blades. 21. An apparatus according to claim 18, wherein said rotating element comprises three blades. third vacuum hole extending through the movable pin, wherein each one of the vacuum holes is constructed and arranged to draw air into the vacuum picker head to pull a cup from the stack of cups onto the upper portion; a protective ring extending outward from the bottom of the upper portion, the protective ring having: a plurality of concave notches spaced apart along the ring, each one of the concave notches substantially in registration with a corresponding one of the plurality of concave depressions of the upper portion, a plurality of protruding portions alternatingly spaced between the plurality of concave notches for providing a plurality of steps upon which a cup can rest when the cup is withdrawn from the ears at the feed aperture of the base plate, at least one air passage extending through the protective ring at each of the concave notches for directing air from below the protective ring to a space between the cup being denested and the stack of cups to force the stack of cups away from the denested cup; a column extending from the protective ring opposite to the upper portion for supporting the vacuum picker head; a central air passage extending through the vacuum picker head and in communication with the plurality of first vacuum holes, the plurality of second vacuum holes and the third vacuum hole; and a support plate for supporting the column, the support plate having a vacuum hose extending therethrough and in communication with the central air passage for drawing air from the vicinity of the vacuum picker head into the central air passage; wherein air displaced in the vicinity of the picker head provides a vacuum and draws a cup from the stack off the ears at the feed aperture onto the picker head, and forces the stack to remain at the base plate as the cup is withdrawn through the feed aperture and from the base plate. 2. An apparatus for denesting a cup from a stack of cups, comprising: feeder means for supporting the stack of cups; and air displacement means for displacing air to draw a vacuum to denest the cup from the stack of cups and draw the cup away from the feeder means, and for displacing air to contact the stack of cups to force the stack of cups to remain at the feeder means; and transport means for transporting the air displacement means to coact with the feeder means to denest a cup from the stack of cups in the feeder means. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising: ejection means mounted to the air displacement means for ejecting the cup from the air displacement means. 4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the ejection means comprises: a pin mounted to the air displacement means for movement with respect to the air displacement means to exert a force against the cup to be removed from the air displacement means. 5. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the feeder means comprises: a first plate having a feed aperture extending therethrough, the feed aperture constructed and arranged for coaction with the air displacement means for displacing air to draw a vacuum at the cup and to contact the stack of cups with a force of air. 6. The apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising: retainer means at the first plate for retaining the stack of cups at the feed aperture for denesting. 7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the retainer means comprises at least one ear formed in the first plate extending into the feed aperture for supporting the stack of cups at the feed aperture when the cup is being denested. 8. The apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising: containment means mounted to the first plate for containing the stack of cups at the feed aperture for denesting. 9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the containment means comprises: a plurality of elongated members extending from the first plate at the feed aperture for containing the stack of cups at the feed aperture. 10. The