IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0634897
(2000-08-09)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
4 인용 특허 :
2 |
초록
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Glyoxal in an aqueous solution is used in a fuel additive in order to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gases of gasoline and diesel engines. It is sufficient to add glyoxal in aqueous solution to gasoline in the dilution in the ratio of 1:10 000 and higher in order to obtain a reduction of unburned
Glyoxal in an aqueous solution is used in a fuel additive in order to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gases of gasoline and diesel engines. It is sufficient to add glyoxal in aqueous solution to gasoline in the dilution in the ratio of 1:10 000 and higher in order to obtain a reduction of unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in vehicles with catalytic converters at idle and at increased idle of almost 100%. Esterified aliphats and polyethyleneglycol are added as emulsifiers and solubilizers. Additionally, glyoxal can be used in form of its acetals and hemiacetals with the resultant product being added to the fuel in combustion engines in order to reduce the pollutant emission and carbon particles/deposits.
대표청구항
▼
Glyoxal in an aqueous solution is used in a fuel additive in order to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gases of gasoline and diesel engines. It is sufficient to add glyoxal in aqueous solution to gasoline in the dilution in the ratio of 1:10 000 and higher in order to obtain a reduction of unburned
Glyoxal in an aqueous solution is used in a fuel additive in order to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gases of gasoline and diesel engines. It is sufficient to add glyoxal in aqueous solution to gasoline in the dilution in the ratio of 1:10 000 and higher in order to obtain a reduction of unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in vehicles with catalytic converters at idle and at increased idle of almost 100%. Esterified aliphats and polyethyleneglycol are added as emulsifiers and solubilizers. Additionally, glyoxal can be used in form of its acetals and hemiacetals with the resultant product being added to the fuel in combustion engines in order to reduce the pollutant emission and carbon particles/deposits. R30each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-6alkyl group which may have a substituent, or an aryl group which may have a substituent, Y1and Y2each independently represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, rings B1,B2,B3and B4each independently has a ring structure which may have, as a substituent, a halogen atom, an aryl group or a C1-4alkyl group or may further be cyclocondensed with a benzene ring, B5has a ring structure which may have, as a substituent, a halogen atom, an aryl group or a C1-4alkyl group, may be condensed with a benzene ring, or may be bonded to R17or R18to have a ring structure which may be cyclocondensed with a nitrogen-containing heterocycle, and X-represents an anion, with the proviso that X-does not exist when R7,R8,R9and R25each has a sulfonium group as a substituent, the composition having a pH ranging from 6-11 that is adjusted to within said range by an alkali agent and containing at least one cosmetic ingredient selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, animal or vegetable fats and oils, fatty acids, organic solvents, hair penetration promoters, cationic surfactants, natural or synthetic polymers, alcohols, ethers, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants, protein derivatives, amino acids, antiseptics, chelating agents, stabilizing agents, antioxidants, plant extracts, crude drug extracts, vitamins, colorants, perfumes, aerosolizing agents and UV absorbers. 2. A hair dye composition, comprising: a two-part aqueous formulation comprising, in a first part, a direct dye compound represented by formula (1), (II), (III) or (IV): wherein, m stands for 0, 1 or 2, n stands for 1 or 2, m units of R1and n units of R4each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-4alkyl group or a halogen atom, m units of R2each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-4alkyl group or an aryl group, with the proviso that at m=2, two R2s, taken together with the adjacent =C--CH=C--, may form a carbocyclic structure or an oxygen-containing heterocyclic structure, n units of R3each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-4alkyl group, n units of R5each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-4alkyl group, or is bonded, via a group --CO--O--, to a ring B5to form a lactone ring, R6represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-4alkyl group, A1represents the below-described formula (1), (2) or (3), A2represents the below-described formula (4), A3represents the below-described formula (5), (6), (7), (8) or (9), A4and Z1each independently represents the below-described formula (10), (11), (12), (13), (14), (15) or (16), Z2represents the below-described formula (17), Z3represents the below-described formula (18), (19), (20) or (21): wherein a broken line means the presence or absence of bonding, D1represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a group NR25,D2represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a group NR26or a group CR27R28,D3represents a nitrogen atom or a group CR29,D4represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a group NR30,R7,R8,R9,R14and R25each independently represents a C1-6alkyl group which may have a substituent, R10,R11,R13,R15,R16,R21,R22,R27,R28and R29each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-6alkyl group, R12and R26
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