초록

A fuel injection system and method to reduce NOx and smoke emissions from a compression ignition engine by co-injecting water and an oxygenated fuel during steady state and transient engine conditions.

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1. A method for reducing NOx and smoke emissions from a compression combustion engine, the method comprising injecting water and an oxygenated fuel into a combustion chamber of the engine, wherein the composition of the injected water and oxygenated fuel is changed in response to actual engine op

1. A method for reducing NOx and smoke emissions from a compression combustion engine, the method comprising injecting water and an oxygenated fuel into a combustion chamber of the engine, wherein the composition of the injected water and oxygenated fuel is changed in response to actual engine operating conditions. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water and the oxygenated fuel are co-injected into the chamber by a single injector. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water is injected as part of an emulsified fuel containing the water and a non-oxygenated fuel. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the emulsified fuel is a primary fuel supply for a combustion process that takes place within the combustion chamber. 5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising supplying exhaust gas to the combustion chamber. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water comprises up to about 60% by volume of the total liquid injected into the combustion chamber. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water comprises from about 10% to about 40% of the total liquid injected into the combustion chamber. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water comprises from about 20% to about 30% of the total liquid injected into the combustion chamber. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the oxygenated fuel contains about 4% oxygen. 10. The method according to claim 6, wherein the oxygenated fuel contains about 4% oxygen. 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the oxygenated fuel comprises from about 40% to about 90% of the total liquid injected into the combustion chamber. 12. The method according to claim 6, wherein the oxygenated fuel comprises from about 40% to about 90% of the total liquid injected into the combustion chamber. 13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the oxygenated fuel comprises from about 70% to about 80% of the total liquid injected into the combustion chamber. 14. The method according to claim 6, wherein the oxygenated fuel comprises from about 70% to about 80% of the total liquid injected into the combustion chamber. 15. The method according to claim 7, wherein the oxygenated fuel comprises from about 70% to about 80% of the total liquid injected into the combustion chamber. 16. The method according to claim 8, wherein the oxygenated fuel comprises from about 70% to about 80% of the total liquid injected into the combustion chamber. 17. The method according to claim 1, wherein the oxygenated fuel includes at least one of: a dymethoxymethane (DMM or methylal), a dymethil ether (DME), a diethyl ether (DEE), a dimethylacetal (DMA), a diethylene-glycol-dimethyl-ether (DGM), an ethylene glycol mono n-butyl ether (ENB), a 2-ethylexyl acetate (EHA), a di-n-butyl ether (DBE), a methyl soy ester (MSE), a decanoic acid (DCA), an octanol, an ethanol and a methanol.