초록 ▼

A power plant and method for the generation of power from flowing air utilizes a generally vertically extending duct having an inlet open to atmosphere at an elevation above an outlet. A spray system is mounted adjacent the inlet for spraying droplets of a predetermined amount of water into the air

A power plant and method for the generation of power from flowing air utilizes a generally vertically extending duct having an inlet open to atmosphere at an elevation above an outlet. A spray system is mounted adjacent the inlet for spraying droplets of a predetermined amount of water into the air causing the air and droplet mixture to become cooler and denser than the outside air to create a down draft of fluid within the duct. A power system mounted adjacent the outlet recovers energy from the downdraft of fluid passing through it. The predetermined amount of water sprayed is greater than the amount of water that would theoretically and potentially evaporate in the air throughout the entire elevation over an unlimited time period using fresh water droplets. The power plant can also be synergistically combined with desalination systems and aquaculture.

대표청구항 ▼

A power plant and method for the generation of power from flowing air utilizes a generally vertically extending duct having an inlet open to atmosphere at an elevation above an outlet. A spray system is mounted adjacent the inlet for spraying droplets of a predetermined amount of water into the air

A power plant and method for the generation of power from flowing air utilizes a generally vertically extending duct having an inlet open to atmosphere at an elevation above an outlet. A spray system is mounted adjacent the inlet for spraying droplets of a predetermined amount of water into the air causing the air and droplet mixture to become cooler and denser than the outside air to create a down draft of fluid within the duct. A power system mounted adjacent the outlet recovers energy from the downdraft of fluid passing through it. The predetermined amount of water sprayed is greater than the amount of water that would theoretically and potentially evaporate in the air throughout the entire elevation over an unlimited time period using fresh water droplets. The power plant can also be synergistically combined with desalination systems and aquaculture. s are separated from the solution. halogen, CN, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, SCF2H, SCF3or Si(CH3)3; and R11is H, C1-C5alkyl, C2-C5alkenyl or C2-C5alkynyl. 2. A compound of claim 1 wherein: Q is Q-1; R1is CH3; R2is H; R3is CH2CH3; and R4is CH3. 3. A compound of claim 2 wherein R7is H, halogen, CN, C1-C4alkyl or C2-C4alkenyl; R8is fixed in the 4 position and is H or F; and R9is fixed in the 5 position. 4. A compound of claim 1 wherein Q is Q-2; R1is CH3; R2is H or phenyl optionally substituted with halogen, cyano, C1-C2alkyl or C1-C2alkoxy; and R6is C2-C6alkyl or C2-C6alkenyl each optionally substituted with halogen. 5. A compound of claim 4 wherein R7is H, halogen, CN, C1-C4alkyl or C2-C4alkenyl; R8is fixed in the 4 position and is H or F; and R9is fixed in the 5 position. 6. A fungicidal composition comprising a fungicidally effective amount of a compound of claim 1 and at least one of a surfactant, a solid diluent or a liquid diluent. 7. A method for controlling plant diseases caused by fungal plant pathogens comprising applying to the plant or portion thereof, or to the plant seed or seedling, a fungicidally effective amount of a compound of claim 1. 8. A fungicidal composition comprising the compound of claim 1. 9. The composition of claim 8 wherein the composition is in a form selected from the group consisting of liquid, powder, emollient, aerosol, and granules. 10. A method of treating a plant for a fungal pathogen wherein the method comprises a. contacting at least a portion of a plant with an effective amount of the composition of claim 9. reacting the (meth)acrylic anhydride produced by the process according to claim 1 with a secondary or tertiary alcohol in the presence of a basic compound which has an acidity (pKa) of 11 or less in 25° C. water. 5. The process for producing (meth)acrylic ester according to claim 4, characterized in that the secondary or tertiary alcohol is a compound having the following formula (1) or (2) and the (meth)acrylic ester produced has the formula (3) or (4): wherein R1represents hydrogen atom or alkyl group; and n and m represent independently 0 or 1 as the number of methylene group; wherein R2represents alkyl group; wherein R1represents hydrogen atom or alkyl group; n and m represent independently 0 or 1 as the number of methylene group; and R3represents hydrogen atom or methyl group; wherein R2represents alkyl group; and R3represents hydrogen atom or methyl group. 6. The process for producing (meth)acrylic ester according to claim 5, wherein the esterifying step is carried out at reaction temperatures of 80° C. or lower. 7. The process for producing (meth)acrylic ester according to claim 6, wherein the (meth)acrylic ester produced has the formula (3) and the process further comprises a washing step of washing the (meth)acrylic ester obtained after the esterifying step with a low polar solvent and further washing with an aqueous acid solution and/or an aqueous alkaline solution. 8. The process for producing (meth)acrylic ester according to claim 6, wherein the (meth)acrylic ester produced has the formula (4) and the process further comprises a washing step of washing the (meth)acrylic ester obtained after the esterifying step with an aqueous alkaline solution and further washing with an aqueous acid solution. 9. The process for producing (meth)acrylic ester according to claim 7, characterized in that the (meth)acrylic ester obtained after the washing step is subjected to thin-film distillation. 10. The process for producing (meth)acrylic ester according to claim 8, characterized in that the (meth)acrylic ester obtained after the washing step is subjected to thin-film distillation. 11. A process for producing (meth)acrylic ester, comprising a esterifying step of reacting the (meth)acrylic anhydride produced by the process according to claim 2 with a secondary or tertiary alcohol in the presence of a basic compound which has an acidity (pKa) of 11 or less in 25° C. water. 12. The process for producing (meth)acrylic ester according to claim 11, characterized in that the secondary or tertiary alcohol is a compound having the following formula (1) or (2) and the (meth)acrylic ester produced has the formula (3) or (4): wherein R1represents hydrogen atom or alkyl group; and n and m represent independently 0 or 1 as the number of methylene group; wherein R2represents alkyl group; wherein R1represents hydrogen atom or alkyl group; n and m represent independently 0 or 1 as the n*umber of methylene group; and R3represents hydrogen atom or methyl group; wherein R2represents alkyl group; and R3represents hydrogen atom or methyl group. 13. The process for producing (meth)acrylic ester according to claim 12, wherein the esterifying step is carried out at reaction temperatures of 80° C. or lower. 14. The process for producing (meth)acrylic ester according to claim 13, wherein the (meth)acrylic ester produced has the formula (3) and the process further comprises a washing step of washing the (meth)acrylic ester obtained after the esterifying step with a low polar solvent and further washing with an aqueous acid solution and/or an aqueous alkaline solution. 15. The process for producing (meth)acrylic ester according to claim 13, wherein the (meth)acrylic ester produced has the formula (4) and the process further comprises a washing step of washing the (meth)acrylic ester obtained after the esterifying step with an aqueous alkaline solution and further washing with an aqueous acid solution. 16. The process for producing (meth)acrylic ester according to claim 14, characterized in that the (meth)acrylic ester obtained after the washing step is subjected to thin-film distillation. 17. The process for producing (meth)acrylic ester according to claim 15, characterized in that the (meth)acrylic ester obtained after the washing step is subjected to thin-film distillation. 18. The process for producing (meth)acrylic ester according to claim 4, characterized in that the (meth)acrylic ester obtained after the washing step is subjected to thin-film distillation. 19. The process for producing (meth)acrylic ester according to claim 10, characterized in that the (meth)acrylic ester obtained after the washing step is subjected to thin-film distillation.