초록 ▼

The present invention relates to methods of improving engine braking of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine by variable valve actuation. One embodiment of the present invention enables independent two-valve actuation for each cylinder, and engine braking horsepower can be optimized usi

The present invention relates to methods of improving engine braking of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine by variable valve actuation. One embodiment of the present invention enables independent two-valve actuation for each cylinder, and engine braking horsepower can be optimized using two-valve braking at high engine speeds and one-valve braking at low speeds. Another embodiment of the present invention enables better a sequential valve actuation to reduce engine braking load and compliance. Another embodiment of the present invention enables better engine starting and warming up by controlling timing and lift of each valve.

대표청구항 ▼

The present invention relates to methods of improving engine braking of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine by variable valve actuation. One embodiment of the present invention enables independent two-valve actuation for each cylinder, and engine braking horsepower can be optimized usi

The present invention relates to methods of improving engine braking of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine by variable valve actuation. One embodiment of the present invention enables independent two-valve actuation for each cylinder, and engine braking horsepower can be optimized using two-valve braking at high engine speeds and one-valve braking at low speeds. Another embodiment of the present invention enables better a sequential valve actuation to reduce engine braking load and compliance. Another embodiment of the present invention enables better engine starting and warming up by controlling timing and lift of each valve. he base of the triangle shape is hinged to said vertical post. ing said motor to batteries in said compartment, handles adjacent the rear end of said vehicle adapted to be held by such person using said vehicle for maneuvering said vehicle, a switch in said electric circuit adjacent said handles for activating said motor by such person using said vehicle, and a circular ring circumscribing said motor and attaching said motor to said vehicle ahead of said battery compartment in said direction of travel. 4. The underwater towing vehicle defined in claim 3, further comprising: an anti cavitation fin centered on the underside of said sled, and said circular ring being attached to said anti cavitation fin. 5. The underwater towing vehicle defined in claim 3, further comprising: a protective screen surrounding said propeller and said circular ring being attached to said protective screen. 6. A vehicle for towing a person underwater in a direction of travel controllable by such person using said vehicle, comprising: said vehicle having a front end extending in said direction of travel, an electric motor having a shaft that extends ahead of said motor in said direction of travel, a propeller attached to said shaft adjacent the front end of said vehicle for pulling said vehicle and such person using said vehicle in said direction of travel, a battery compartment, and a cylindrical cradle at the front end of said battery compartment, one end of said electric motor being received in and supported by said cylindrical cradle. 7. A vehicle for towing a person underwater in a direction of travel controllable by such person using said vehicle, comprising: said vehicle having a front end extending in said direction of travel, an electric motor having a shaft that extends ahead of said motor in said direction of travel, a propeller attached to said shaft adjacent the front end of said vehicle for pulling said vehicle and such person using said vehicle in said direction of travel, a battery compartment, a hydraulically balanced sled that is integral with said battery compartment, said sled being located above said battery compartment and having wings that project laterally beyond said battery compartment, said electric motor being located below said sled and ahead of said battery compartment in said direction of travel of said vehicle, an electric circuit for connecting said motor to batteries in said compartment, handles adjacent the rear end of said vehicle adapted to be held by such person using said vehicle for maneuvering said vehicle, a switch in said electric circuit adjacent said handles for activating said motor by such person using said vehicle, a removable plate sealing said battery compartment, a plurality of batteries sealed together inside of a unitary plastic casing and attached to said removable plate so as to define a battery module that permits installation and removal of all batteries as a single unit. 8. A vehicle for towing a person underwater in a direction of travel controllable by such person using said vehicle, comprising: said vehicle having a front end extending in said direction of travel, an electric motor having a shaft that extends ahead of said motor in said direction of travel, a propeller attached to said shaft adjacent the front end of said vehicle for pulling said vehicle and such person using said vehicle in said direction of travel, a battery compartment, a hydraulically balanced sled that is integral with said battery compartment, said sled being located above said battery compartment and having wings that project laterally beyond said battery compartment, said electric motor being located below said sled and ahead of said battery compartment in said direction of travel of said vehicle, an electric circuit for connecting said motor to batteries in said compartment, handles adjacent the rear end of said vehicle adapted to be held by such person using said vehicle for maneuvering said vehicle, a switch in said electric circuit adjacent said handles for activating said mo