초록 ▼

A method and apparatus for using a cryogen for cooling articles, particularly having applications for chilling extrusions, food, and similar articles, utilizing dispersion of liquid cryogen into a feed chamber wherein it is substantially vaporized and then circulated through a cooling chamber contai

A method and apparatus for using a cryogen for cooling articles, particularly having applications for chilling extrusions, food, and similar articles, utilizing dispersion of liquid cryogen into a feed chamber wherein it is substantially vaporized and then circulated through a cooling chamber containing the article to be cooled. A circulation device can circulate the vaporized cryogen through the cooling chamber, or through the article, at a variably controllable velocity to enhance the cooling efficiency using the principle of forced air convection and to provide improved temperature control in the system.

대표청구항 ▼

A method and apparatus for using a cryogen for cooling articles, particularly having applications for chilling extrusions, food, and similar articles, utilizing dispersion of liquid cryogen into a feed chamber wherein it is substantially vaporized and then circulated through a cooling chamber contai

A method and apparatus for using a cryogen for cooling articles, particularly having applications for chilling extrusions, food, and similar articles, utilizing dispersion of liquid cryogen into a feed chamber wherein it is substantially vaporized and then circulated through a cooling chamber containing the article to be cooled. A circulation device can circulate the vaporized cryogen through the cooling chamber, or through the article, at a variably controllable velocity to enhance the cooling efficiency using the principle of forced air convection and to provide improved temperature control in the system. form. 8. A method as in claim 1, further comprising the step of delivering said exit effluent gas stream to a turbine. 9. A method of combusting hydrocarbon fuel, comprising: compressing an air stream in a compressor; dividing the air stream into at least one air staging valve air stream and at least one secondary air stream; controllably dividing said air staging valve air stream into at least one bypass flow stream, and at least one primary air stream; introducing said bypass flow stream into a bypass manifold; introducing said primary air stream into a fuel preparation and mixing section, wherein fuel is injected and mixed to form a fuel/air mixture stream; introducing said fuel/air mixture stream into a catalyst section, wherein a catalyst is located and partially oxidizes the fuel by contacting the fuel/air mixture with an oxidation catalyst in a catalytic oxidation stage, thereby generating a heat of reaction and a partial oxidation product stream comprising partially oxidized hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and excess air; combusting the partial oxidation product stream, in a main combustor, at a condition at which appreciable quantities of thermal NOxare not formed, thereby generating an effluent gas stream; and combining said effluent gas stream with said bypass flow stream and secondary air streams to form an exit effluent gas stream, wherein the temperature and composition of the partial oxidation product stream are selected to control simultaneously the amounts of NOxformed in the main combustor and the stability of the flame in the main combustor, thereby controlling the total amount of NOxin the exit effluent gas stream. 10. A method as in claim 9, further comprising a valve for controllably dividing said air staging valve air stream. 11. A method as in claim 9, wherein the step of controllably dividing said air staging valve air stream into at least one bypass flow stream, and at least one primary air stream is accomplished by controlling the air valve schedules through a predetermined schedule. 12. A method as in claim 9, wherein the temperature and composition of the partial oxidation product stream are selected to control simultaneously the amount of thermal NOxand prompt NOxformed in the main combustor. 13. A method as in claim 9, wherein said catalyst is selected from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, palladium, chromium oxides, cobalt oxides, alumina and mixtures thereof. 14. A method as in claim 9, wherein said fuel is in liquid form. 15. A method as in claim 9, wherein said fuel is in gaseous form. 16. A method as in claim 9, further comprising the step of delivering said exit effluent gas stream to a turbine. 17. A method of combusting hydrocarbon fuel, comprising: compressing an air stream in a compressor; dividing the air stream into a first air staging valve air stream, a second air staging valve air stream and one secondary air stream; utilizing an air staging valve to controllably divide said first air staging valve air stream into one bypass flow stream and one primary air stream; introducing said bypass flow stream into a bypass manifold, wherein the output is an output bypass flow stream; introducing said primary air stream into a fuel preparation and mixing section, wherein fuel is injected and mixed to form a fuel/air mixture stream; introducing said fuel/air mixture stream into a catalyst section, wherein a catalyst is located and partially oxidizes the fuel by contacting the catalyst mixture with an oxidation catalyst in a catalytic oxidation stage, thereby generating a heat of reaction and a partial oxidation product stream comprising partially oxidized hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and excess air; combusting the partial oxidation product stream, in a main combustor, at a condition at which appreciable quantities of thermal NOxare not formed, thereby generating an effluent gas stream; and combining said effluent gas stream with said output bypass flow stream, and said secondary air stream to form an exit effluent gas stream, wherein the temperature and composition of the partial oxidation product stream are selected to control simultaneously the amounts of NOxformed in the main combustor and the stability of the flame in the main combustor, thereby controlling the total amount of NOxin the exit effluent gas stream. 18. A method as in claim 17, wherein the temperature and composition of the partial oxidation product stream are selected to control simultaneously the amount of thermal NOxand prompt NOxformed in the main combustor. 19. A method as in claim 17, wherein said catalyst is selected from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, palladium, chromium oxides, cobalt oxides, alumina and mixtures thereof. 20. A method as in claim 17, wherein said fuel is in liquid form. 21. A method as in claim 17, wherein said fuel is in gaseous form. 22. A method as in claim 17, wherein said step of controllably dividing said air staging valve air stream into at least one bypass flow stream, and at least one primary air stream is accomplished by controlling the air valve schedules through a predetermined schedule. 23. A method as in claim 17, further comprising the step of delivering said exit effluent gas stream to a turbine. 24. A method of combusting hydrocarbon fuel, comprising: compressing an air stream in a compressor; dividing the air stream into a first air staging valve air stream, a second air staging valve air stream and one secondary air stream; utilizing an air staging valve to controllably divide said first air staging valve air stream into one bypass flow stream and one primary air stream; introducing said bypass flow stream into a bypass manifold, wherein the output is an output bypass flow stream; introducing said primary air stream into a fuel preparation and mixing section, wherein fuel is injected and mixed to form a fuel/air mixture stream; introducing said fuel/air mixture stream into a catalyst section, wherein a catalyst is introduced and partially oxidizes the fuel by contacting the catalyst mixture with an oxidation catalyst in a catalytic oxidation stage, thereby generating a heat of reaction and a partial oxidation product stream comprising hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and excess air; combusting the partial oxidation product stream, in a main combustor, at a condition at which appreciable quantities of thermal NOxare not formed, thereby generating an effluent gas stream; controlling the flame in the main combustor to a flame temperature between 1700 and 2000 K by varying the position of said air staging valve; combining said effluent gas stream with said bypass air stream, and said secondary air stream to form an exit effluent gas stream, wherein the temperature and composition of the partial oxidation product stream are selected to control simultaneously the amounts of NOxformed in the main combustor and the stability of the flame in the main combustor, thereby controlling the total amount of NOxin the exit effluent gas stream. 25. A method as in claim 24, wherein the temperature and composition of the partial oxidation product stream are selected to control simultaneously the amount of thermal NOxand prompt NOxformed in the main combustor. 26. A method as in claim 24, wherein said catalyst is selected from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, palladium, chromium oxides, cobalt oxides, alumina and mixtures thereof. 27. A method as in claim 24, wherein said fuel is in liquid form. 28. A method as in claim 24, wherein said fuel is in gaseous form. 29. A method as in claim 24, further comprising the step of delivering said exit effluent gas stream to a turbine. ce device, said device comprising: a generally rectangular box having a top, four sides, a bottom and a divider wall, said divider wall defining a partition between a left and a right chamber of said box, said box including: an outer shell; an insulation layer attached to said outer shell; a inner shell attached to said insulation layer; a power input plug attached to said outer shell; a first heat transfer unit attached to said left chamber of said box, said first heat transfer unit electrically connected to said power input plug; a first network of cooling/heating coils attached to said left chamber of said box, said first network of cooling/heating coils operatively attached to said first heat transfer unit; a first control knob having a first voltage regulator and a first thermostat operationally connected to each other, said first control knob attached to said left chamber of said box, said first control knob operatively attached to said first heat transfer unit; a first spigot having a first button and a first drain, said first spigot attached to said left chamber of said box and extending outwardly from said box, when said first button of said first spigot is depressed then said first drain is fluidly connected between said left chamber of said box with a surrounding area outside of said device, when said first button is release and not depressed then said first drain is not fluidly connected between said left chamber of said box with the surrounding area outside of said device; a second heat transfer unit attached to said right chamber of said box, said second heat transfer unit electrically connected to said power input plug; a second network of cooling/heating coils attached to said right chamber of said box, said second network of cooling/heating coils operatively attached to said second heat transfer unit; a second control knob having a second voltage regulator and a second thermostat operationally connected to each other, said second control knob attached to said right chamber of said box, said second control knob operatively attached to said second heat transfer unit; and a second spigot having a second button and a second drain, said second spigot attached to said right chamber of said box and extending outwardly from said box, when said second button of said second spigot is depressed then said second drain is fluidly connected between said right chamber of said box with the surrounding area outside of said device, when said second button is release and not depressed then said second drain is not fluidly connected between said right chamber of said box with the surrounding area outside of said device; a hinge attached to said outer shell of said box; a generally rectangular lid dimensioned to substantially fit over the top of said box, said lid attached to said hinge, wherein said lid is pivotally attached to said box, when said lid is pivoted over the top of said box then said device is in a closed position, when said lid is pivoted away from the top of said box then said device is in an open position, said lid including: an exterior shell; an insulation lining attached to said exterior shell of said lid; and an interior shell attached to said insulation lining of said lid; a means for locking together said lid to said box, a first portion of said locking means is attached to said box, and a second portion of said locking means is attached to said lid; and a power cord having a first socket end and a second socket end, said first socket end is operationally connectable to said power inlet plug of said box, said second socket end is operationally connectable to a standard cigarette lighter power output in an automobile. 2. The device of claim 1 further comprising a handle attached to said outer shell of said box. 3. The device of claim 1 further comprising a rubber gasket attached to said top of said box. 4. The device of claim 1 wherein said locking means comprises a latch pivotally attached to said exterior shell of said lid; and a coupling pin attached to said outer shell of said box, wherein said latch and said coupling pin are coupleable together, when said box is in the closed position and when said latch is pivoted towards said coupling pin then said locking means is in a locked mode, when said box is in the closed position and when said latch is pivoted away from said coupling pin then said locking means is in an open mode. 5. The device of claim 1 wherein said locking means comprising: a first fabric swath having a first exposed contact surface, said first fabric swath is attached to said exterior shell of said lid; and a second fabric swath having a second exposed contact surface, said second fabric swath is attached to said outer shell of said box, wherein said first exposed contact surface of said first fabric swath and second exposed contact surface of said second fabric swath are interconnectable together, when said box is in the closed position and when said first fabric swath is pivoted towards said second fabric swath so that said first exposed contact surface of said first fabric swath interconnects with said second exposed contact surface of said second fabric swath then said locking means is in a locked mode, when said box is in the closed position and when said first fabric swath is pivoted away from said second fabric swath so that said first exposed contact surface of said first fabric swath does not interconnect with said second exposed contact surface of said second fabric swath then said locking means is in an open mode. 6. The device of claim 5 wherein said first contact surface of said first fabric swath comprises a plurality of minuscule hooks extending outwardly from said first contact surface of said first fabric swath; and wherein said second contact surface of said second fabric swath comprises a plurality of minuscule loops extending outwardly from said second contact surface of said second fabric swath. 7. The device of claim 5 wherein said first contact surface of said first fabric swath comprises a plurality of minuscule loops extending outwardly from said first contact surface of said first fabric swath; and wherein said second contact surface of said second fabric swath comprises a plurality of minuscule hooks extending outwardly from said second contact surface of said second fabric swath. 8. The device of claim 1 wherein said inner shell of said box is made of aluminum. 9. The device of claim 1 wherein said insulation layer of said box is made of foam insulation. 10. The device of claim 1 wherein said outer shell of said box is made of plastic. 11. The device of claim 10 wherein said plastic is selected from the group consisting of polyester, polypropylene, polyurethanes, polyacryls, polymethacryls, cellulosic polymers, styrene-acryl copolymers, polystyrene-polyacryl mixtures, polysiloxanes, urethane-acryl copolymers, siloxane-urethane copolymers, polyurethane-polymethacryl mixtures, silicone-acryl copolymers, vinyl acetate polymers, and mixtures thereof. 12. The device of claim 1 wherein said exterior shell of said lid is made of aluminum. 13. The device of claim 1 wherein said insulation lining of said lid is made of foam insulation. 14. The device of claim 1 wherein said interior shell of said lid is made of plastic. 15. The device of claim 14 wherein said plastic is selected from the group consisting of polyester, polypropylene, polyurethanes, polyacryls, polymethacryls, cellulosic polymers, styrene-acryl copolymers, polystyrene-polyacryl mixtures, polysiloxanes, urethane-acryl copolymers, siloxane-urethane copolymers, polyurethane-polymethacryl mixtures, silicone-acryl copolymers, vinyl acetate polymers, and mixtures thereof. 16. The device of claim 1 wherein said hinge comprises an elongated piano hinge. 17. The device of claim 1 wherein said first heat transfer unit comprises a Peltier heat transfer unit. 18. The device of claim 1 wherein said second heat tr ansfer unit comprises a Peltier heat transfer unit. 19. A portable thermoelectric cooling and heating appliance device, said device consisting essentially of: a generally rectangular box having a top, four sides, a bottom and a divider wall, said divider wall defining a partition between a first and a right chamber of said box, said box including: an outer shell, said outer shell of said box is made of plastic selected from the group consisting of polyester, polypropylene, polyurethanes, polyacryls, polymethacryls, cellulosic polymers, styrene-acryl copolymers, polystyrene-polyacryl mixtures, polysiloxanes, urethane-acryl copolymers, siloxane-urethane copolymers, polyurethanepolymethacryl mixtures, silicone-acryl copolymers, vinyl acetate polymers, and mixtures thereof; an insulation layer attached to said outer shell, wherein said insulation layer of said box is made of foam insulation; a inner shell attached to said insulation layer, wherein said inner shell of said box is made of aluminum; a power input plug attached to said outer shell; a first heat transfer unit attached to said left chamber of said box, said first heat transfer unit electrically connected to said power input plug, wherein said first heat transfer unit comprises a peltier heat transfer unit; a first network of cooling/heating coils attached to said left chamber of said box, said first network of cooling/heating coils operatively attached to said first heat transfer unit; a first control knob having a first voltage regulator and a first thermostat operationally connected to each other, said first control knob attached to said left chamber of said box, said first control knob operatively attached to said first heat transfer unit; a first spigot having a first button and a first drain, said first spigot attached to said left chamber of said box and extending outwardly from said box, when said first button of said first spigot is depressed then said first drain is fluidly connected between said left chamber of said box with a surrounding area outside of said device, when said first button is release and not depressed then said first drain is not fluidly connected between said left chamber of said box with the surrounding area outside of said device; a second heat transfer unit attached to said right chamber of said box, said second heat transfer unit electrically connected to said power input plug, wherein said second heat transfer unit comprises a peltier heat transfer unit; a second network of cooling/heating coils attached to said right chamber of said box, said second network of cooling/heating coils operatively attached to said second heat transfer unit; a second control knob having a second voltage regulator and a second thermostat operationally connected to each other, said second control knob attached to said right chamber of said box, said second control knob operatively attached to said second heat transfer unit; a second spigot having a second button and a second drain, said second spigot attached to said right chamber of said box and extending outwardly from said box, when said second button of said second spigot is depressed then said second drain is fluidly connected between said right chamber of said box with the surrounding area outside of said device, when said second button is release and not depressed then said second drain is not fluidly connected between said right chamber of said box with the surrounding area outside of said device; and a handle attached to said outer shell of said box; a hinge attached to said outer shell of said box, wherein said hinge comprises an elongated piano hinge; a generally rectangular lid dimensioned to substantially fit over the top of said box, said lid attached to said hinge, wherein said lid is pivotally attached to said box, when said lid is pivoted over the top of said box then said device is in a closed position, when said lid is pivoted away from the top of said box then said devic e is in an open position, said lid including: an exterior shell, wherein said exterior shell of said lid is made of aluminum; an insulation lining attached to said exterior shell of said lid, wherein said insulation lining of said lid is made of foam insulation; an interior shell attached to said insulation lining of said lid, wherein said interior shell of said lid is made of plastic selected from the group consisting of polyester, polypropylene, polyurethanes, polyacryls, polymethacryls, cellulosic polymers, styrene-acryl copolymers, polystyrene-polyacryl mixtures, polysiloxanes, urethane-acryl copolymers, siloxane-urethane copolymers, polyurethane-polymethacryl mixtures, silicone-acryl copolymers, vinyl acetate polymers, and mixtures thereof; a means for locking together said lid to said box, a first portion of said locking means is attached to said box, and a second portion of said locking means is attached to said lid, wherein said locking means comprising: a first fabric swath having a first exposed contact surface, said first fabric swath is attached to said exterior shell of said lid; and a second fabric swath having a second exposed contact surface, said second fabric swath is attached to said outer shell of said box, wherein said first exposed contact surface of said first fabric swath and second exposed contact surface of said second fabric swath are interconnectable together, when said box is in the closed position and when said first fabric swath is pivoted towards said second fabric swath so that said first exposed contact surface of said first fabric swath interconnects with said second exposed contact surface of said second fabric swath then said locking means is in a locked mode, when said box is in the closed position and when said first fabric swath is pivoted away from said second fabric swath so that said first exposed contact surface of said first fabric swath does not interconnect with said second exposed contact surface of said second fabric swath then said locking means is in an open mode, wherein said first contact surface of said first fabric swath comprises a plurality of minuscule hooks extending outwardly from said first contact surface of said first fabric swath; and wherein said second contact surface of said second fabric swath comprises a plurality of minuscule loops extending outwardly from said second contact surface of said second fabric swath; and a power cord having a first socket end and a second socket end, said first socket end is operationally connectable to said power inlet plug of said box, said second socket end is operationally connectable to a standard cigarette lighter power output in an automobile. 20. A method of using a portable thermoelectric cooling and heating appliance device, said method comprising the steps of: obtaining the device comprising: a generally rectangular box having a top, four sides, a bottom and a divider wall, the divider wall defining a partition between a left and a right chamber of the box, the box including: an outer shell, the outer shell of the box is made of plastic selected from the group consisting of polyester, polypropylene, polyurethanes, polyacryls, polymethacryls, cellulosic polymers, styrene-acryl copolymers, polystyrene-polyacryl mixtures, polysiloxanes, urethane-acryl copolymers, siloxane-urethane copolymers, polyurethane-polymethacryl mixtures, silicone-acryl copolymers, vinyl acetate polymers, and mixtures thereof; an insulation layer attached to the outer shell, wherein the insulation layer of the box is made of foam insulation; a inner shell attached to the insulation layer, wherein the inner shell of the box is made of aluminum; a power input plug attached to said outer shell; a first heat transfer unit attached to the left chamber of the box, the first heat transfer unit electrically connected to the power input plug, wherein the first heat transfer unit comprises a peltier heat transfer unit; a first network of cooling/heating coils attached to the left chamber of the box, the first network of cooling/heating coils operatively attached to the first heat transfer unit; a first control knob having a first voltage regulator and a first thermostat operationally connected to each other, said first control knob attached to said left chamber of said box, said first control knob operatively attached to said first heat transfer unit; a first spigot having a first button and a first drain, the first spigot attached to the left chamber of the box and extending outwardly from the box, when the first button of the first spigot is depressed then the first drain is fluidly connected between the left chamber of the box with a surrounding area outside of the device, when the first button is release and not depressed then the first drain is not fluidly connected between the left chamber of the box with the surrounding area outside of the device; a second heat transfer unit attached to the right chamber of the box, the second heat transfer unit electrically connected to the power input plug, wherein the second heat transfer unit comprises a peltier heat transfer unit; a second network of cooling/heating coils attached to the right chamber of the box, the second network of cooling/heating coils operatively attached to the second heat transfer unit; a second control knob having a second voltage regulator and a second thermostat operationally connected to each other, said second control knob attached to said right chamber of said box, said second control knob operatively attached to said second heat transfer unit; a second spigot having a second button and a second drain, the second spigot attached to the right chamber of the box and extending outwardly from the box, when the second button of the second spigot is depressed then the second drain is fluidly connected between the right chamber of the box with the surrounding area outside of the device, when the second button is release and not depressed then the second drain is not fluidly connected between the right chamber of the box with the surrounding area outside of the device; and a handle attached to the outer shell of the box; a hinge attached to the outer shell of the box, wherein the hinge comprises an elongated piano hinge; a generally rectangular lid dimensioned to substantially fit over the top of the box, the lid attached to the hinge, wherein the lid is pivotally attached to the box, when the lid is pivoted over the top of the box then the device is in a closed position, when the lid is pivoted away from the top of the box then the device is in an open position, the lid including: an exterior shell, wherein the exterior shell of the lid is made of aluminum; an insulation lining attached to the exterior shell of the lid, wherein the insulation lining of the lid is made of foam insulation; and an interior shell attached to the insulation lining of the lid, wherein the interior shell of the lid is made of plastic selected from the group consisting of polyester, polypropylene, polyurethanes, polyacryls, polymethacryls, cellulosic polymers, styrene-acryl copolymers, polystyrene-polyacryl mixtures, polysiloxanes, urethane-acryl copolymers, siloxane-urethane copolymers, polyurethane-polymethacryl mixtures, silicone-acryl copolymers, vinyl acetate polymers, and mixtures thereof; a means for locking together the lid to the box, a first portion of the locking means is attached to the box, and a second portion of the locking means is attached to the lid, wherein the locking means comprising: a first fabric swath having a first exposed contact surface, the first fabric swath is attached to the exterior shell of the lid; and a second fabric swath having a second exposed contact surface, the second fabric swath is attached to the outer shell of the box, wherein the first exposed contact surface of the first fabric swath and second exposed contact surface of the second fabric swath are inte