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In a wireless network containing battery powered stations, one station is designated as a control point (CP). Each of the remaining stations has two operating modes: an active mode in which it receives and transmits messages, and an inactive or sleep mode which incurs reduced power consumption. The

In a wireless network containing battery powered stations, one station is designated as a control point (CP). Each of the remaining stations has two operating modes: an active mode in which it receives and transmits messages, and an inactive or sleep mode which incurs reduced power consumption. The Control Point periodically transmits a beacon signal, and each station switches to its active mode to receive at least some of these beacon signals. A beacon signal may indicate that data is available for transmission to a particular station (from another station), in which case that particular station then broadcasts a message to indicate that it is awake and can receive messages. A beacon signal also indicates whether a broadcast period is in progress, and time to elapse until a next possible broadcast period will commence; if the Control Point has previously received and stored any broadcast messages it will re-broadcast them during the next following broadcast period and the remaining stations will react by remaining in active mode for the duration of that period.

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In a wireless network containing battery powered stations, one station is designated as a control point (CP). Each of the remaining stations has two operating modes: an active mode in which it receives and transmits messages, and an inactive or sleep mode which incurs reduced power consumption. The

In a wireless network containing battery powered stations, one station is designated as a control point (CP). Each of the remaining stations has two operating modes: an active mode in which it receives and transmits messages, and an inactive or sleep mode which incurs reduced power consumption. The Control Point periodically transmits a beacon signal, and each station switches to its active mode to receive at least some of these beacon signals. A beacon signal may indicate that data is available for transmission to a particular station (from another station), in which case that particular station then broadcasts a message to indicate that it is awake and can receive messages. A beacon signal also indicates whether a broadcast period is in progress, and time to elapse until a next possible broadcast period will commence; if the Control Point has previously received and stored any broadcast messages it will re-broadcast them during the next following broadcast period and the remaining stations will react by remaining in active mode for the duration of that period. optical element. 6. The X-ray diffractometer of claim 5, wherein at least one of said n≥2 optical paths contains an X-ray lens. 7. The X-ray diffractometer of claim 1, wherein at least one of said n≥2 optical paths contains at least one of an adjustable and a replaceable diaphragm. 8. The X-ray diffractometer of claim 1, wherein at least one of said n≥2 optical paths has a shutter. 9. The X-ray diffractometer of claim 1, wherein n=2. 10. The X-ray diffractometer of claim 1, wherein n>2, said n>2 optical paths extending in a coplanar fashion. 11. The X-ray diffractometer of claim 1, wherein n>2, with not all of said n>2 optical paths being disposed in a common plane. 12. The X-ray diffractometer of claim 11, wherein one of said n>2 optical paths is a straight optical path connecting said first and said second positions in a substantially straight-line manner and a plurality of said n>2 optical paths each comprise two partial paths meeting at a bending point to define a bent, two-legged path extending between said first and said second positions, wherein at least one of a dispersive and a reflecting X-ray optical element is disposed at said bending point, said bending points of at least some of said partial paths being disposed on a common circle about said straight optical path. 13. The X-ray diffractometer of claim 1, further comprising a second optical unit having n≥2 different, switchable optical paths for guiding X-rays from said second position to a third position downstream of said second position, wherein said source is disposed at said first position, said sample is disposed at said second position and said detector is disposed at said third position. n be made to the caller anytime, or at a time specified by the caller.